Abstract: A multi-phase transverse flux machine includes a primary component having individual bundles of lamination elements which are spaced at a mutual separation distance in a direction defined as the longitudinal direction of the transverse flux machine. Each such bundle of lamination elements has leg members extending in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the machine. The leg members are spaced at a mutual separation distance and are arranged in respective rows. The rows extend in the longitudinal direction. Each such row of leg members is excited by a respective exciting winding excited in such a way that the flux in the transverse direction at the various leg members reaches a maximum in a sequence. A secondary component includes rows of permanent magnet elements extending in the longitudinal direction of the machine.

Abstract: Magnetic heat engines directly converting heat to electricity, using emf induced by demagnetization. Generated power manifests as negative resistance, and almost any kind and shape of magnetic medium can be used. Electromagnetic engines are also tolerant to non-uniform heating, inherently non-contact and non-mechanical, easy to model and design, and operable at high frequencies. The engines are suitable for augmenting local heating, refrigeration without fluid refrigerants, efficient cooling of cryogenic components, synchronous cooling of digital circuits, completely solid-state power generation, and improvement of power plant efficiency and control.

Abstract: A spindle motor able to reduce leaking of magnetic flux of an index magnet to a magnetic head of a disc apparatus. In an axial gap type spindle motor having a rotor case rotatably supported by a base plate, an index magnet is provided to a face of the rotor case opposite to the base plate. A hall device is provided in an open space between a plurality of coils arranged radially on the base plate at a position opposite to the index magnet. A magnetic flux forms a closed loop by passing through the rotor case, and thus leaking of magnetic flux to the outside is reduced.