Abstract: A phantom for multinuclear simultaneous integrated magnetic resonance imaging includes a plurality of sealed containers, where a partition I and a partition II are provided in the sealed container and intersect with each other; the partition I and the partition II divide the sealed container into a plurality of subspaces that are interconnected; a thickness of the partition I is equal to a resolution of a nuclide 1H, and a thickness of the partition II is ?H/?X times of the resolution of the nuclide 1H, where ?H is a gyromagnetic ratio of the nuclide 1H, and ?X is a gyromagnetic ratio of a pre-imaging nuclide X; the sealed container is filled with a mixture; and the mixture includes all pre-imaging nuclides. In the phantom, the partition I and the partition II are designed according to a ratio of gyromagnetic ratios of nuclides, and are combined with a mixture including all pre-imaging nuclides.

Abstract: A magnetic probe-based current measurement device and measurement method is disclosed. The device comprises a conductor for a current under test, a magnetic probe, a magnetic bias structure, and a programmable chip. A conductor has a first axis, a second axis, and a third axis. The conductor is provided with through holes. The direction of the through holes are parallel to the third axis. Vertical projections of the through holes on a first cross section are symmetric about the first axis. At least one of the through holes has a center position located on the first axis. And/or every pair of the through holes have center positions that are symmetric about the first axis. The magnetic probe is provided within the through holes, and is electrically connected to the programmable chip. A sensitive center position of the magnetic probe is located on the first cross section. A vertical projection of the magnetic probe on the first cross section is symmetric about the first axis.

Abstract: A test system comprising an array of radiating antenna elements, each antenna element in the array operatively connected to a beam former; and at least one signal generator operatively connected to the beam former; wherein the test system is configured to generate simultaneous plane waves in the near-field region.

Abstract: Systems and methods for passive and/or active wireless sensor networks with augmented telemetry using coupled magnetic resonances in accordance with embodiments of the invention are disclosed. In one embodiment, a wireless sensor network is provided, the wireless sensor network comprising a transmitter configured to couple with a reader, a receiver configured to couple with a sensor, wherein the sensor is configured to detect at least one parameter and generate sensor data, wherein the sensor data maps onto the receiver, and wherein the transmitter and the receiver are inductively coupled creating a link between the reader and the sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: a support structure; and a first electrically-conductive material arranged at the support structure to define a first continuous path for first electrical current to flow between a first location and a second location, the first continuous path comprising: a first path portion defining a first generally-clockwise path for the first electrical current to flow around a first axis, the first path portion including a first inner-circumferential portion and a first outer-circumferential portion, the first inner-circumferential portion located closer to a central axis than the first outer-circumferential portion, a radius of curvature of the first inner-circumferential portion being greater than a radius of curvature of the first outer-circumferential portion; and a second path portion defining a first generally-counter-clockwise path for the first electrical current to flow around a second axis, the first path portion and the second path portion circumferentially arranged around the centra

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a detection device and a circuit portion. The detection device includes a first detection portion and a second detection portion. The first detection portion includes a first detection element. The first detection element includes a first conductive member and a first detection member. The second detection portion includes a second detection element. The second detection element includes a second conductive member and a second detection member. The circuit portion is configured to execute a first detection portion operation for outputting a first detection result corresponding to a first detection value based on the first detection member when a first current is supplied to the first conductive member. In a case where a first evaluation value is not within a first range, the circuit portion is configured to execute a second detection portion operation by the second detection portion.

Abstract: In order to improve the estimation of the arc voltage for use in a welding process, a welding line is modeled using a welding line model in the form of a transfer system with an order greater than one for estimating the arc voltage, and the estimated value of the arc voltage is determined as the difference between the measurement voltage at the measurement point and the determined line voltage drop.

Abstract: The disclosed invention is a MEMS environmental sensor and preparation method thereof. A transfer cavity is produced in the middle of a transfer substrate of a MEMS environmental sensor, and a transfer medium is located inside the transfer cavity. The surface area of an input port is larger than the surface area of an output port. An elastic transfer membrane is provided on the surface of the input port, and an elastic pressure membrane is provided on the surface of the output port. A load bearing cavity is provided in a load bearing substrate, a magnetic sensing element is positioned inside the load bearing cavity, and the load bearing cavity partially overlaps with the output port. The surface area of the input port of the transfer cavity is larger than the surface area of the output port, and on the basis of Pascal's principle, differences in the volume of the transmission cavity are used to transform a small displacement in a region of large volume into a large displacement in a region of small volume.

Abstract: During operation, a computer system may acquire magnetic resonance (MR) signals associated with a sample from a measurement device or memory. Then, the computer system may access a predetermined set of coil magnetic field basis vectors associated with a surface surrounding the sample, where coil sensitivities of coils in the measurement device are represented by weighted superpositions of the predetermined set of coil magnetic field basis vectors using coefficients, and where the predetermined coil magnetic field basis vectors are solutions to Maxwell's equations. Next, the computer system may solve, on a voxel-by-voxel basis for voxels associated with the sample, a nonlinear optimization problem for MR information associated with the sample and the coefficients using: a forward model that uses the MR information as inputs and simulates response physics of the sample, the MR signals and the predetermined set of coil magnetic field basis vectors.

Abstract: A method for relaxation time determination includes delivering a series of radio frequency (RF) pulses in a sequence to a specimen having a magnetic resonance spin system. The pulses are separated by equal time intervals and the sequence has a duration comparable or greater than a spin-lattice relaxation time for the spin system. The method includes receiving a response after each RF pulse in the series. The response includes a free induction decay and spin echoes. The method includes generating a series of single point imaging (SPI) images from each response. Each SPI image of the series corresponds to an RF pulse in the series. The method includes converting SPI images to a spin-spin relaxation map and a spin-lattice relaxation map.

Abstract: A coated structure with a monitoring system includes a base having a base surface, a coating system having one or more layers of cured coat providing protection against surface degradation and being joined to the base surface in a base interface and extending in a thickness direction to an outer coating surface, at least one electrode made from a conductive material embedded in the coating system. The monitoring system is configured to generate an input signal in the at least one electrode and to read an output signal from the at least one electrode, and from the output signal, to determine cracking of the one or more layers of cured coat.

Abstract: A method for detecting a magnetic marker comprises generating a driving magnetic field comprising first and second frequencies and detecting a response magnetic field comprising first and second response components. The magnetic marker provides a non-linear response to the driving signal. A primary portion of the response components is generated by the magnetic marker, and secondary portion of the response components is generated by a secondary magnetic source. The method comprises determining a driving factor representing a ratio of the frequencies in the driving signal; determining a correction factor corresponding to the secondary portion of the second response component, based on the first response component and the driving factor; determining a detection signal corresponding to the primary portion of the second response component, based on the second response component and the determined correction factor; and generating an output signal based on a strength of the detection signal.

Abstract: A test circuit of a semiconductor apparatus includes a first resistor, a second resistor and a feed-back loop circuit. The first resistor is coupled between a pad and a test element. The second resistor is coupled to the first resistor in a parallel manner. The feed-back loop circuit is configured to feed a result back to the second resistor, the result being one of comparing a first voltage and a second voltage with each other, the first voltage and the second voltage being applied respectively to the first resistor and the second resistor.

Abstract: A voltage monitor circuit that signals if an input voltage is above or below an internally established reference level proportional to the bandgap voltage of silicon. The voltage monitor circuit mitigates main error sources generally associated with bandgap reference generation such that high accuracy and good performance may be achieved at low power cost. The techniques allow voltage monitors (e.g., brown-out and power on reset (POR) detectors) to be implemented with higher accuracy, lower power consumption, smaller area cost, and support to lower supply voltage than other solutions.

Abstract: A wideband variable impedance load for high volume manufacturing qualification and diagnostic testing of a radio frequency power source, an impedance matching network and RF sensors for generating plasma in a semiconductor plasma chamber for semiconductor fabrication processes. The wideband variable impedance load may comprise a fixed value resistance operable at a plurality of frequencies and coupled with a variable impedance network capable of transforming the fixed value resistance into a wide range of complex impedances at the plurality of frequencies. Response times and match tuning element position repeatability may be verified. Automatic testing, verification and qualification of production and field installed radio frequency power sources for plasma generation are easily performed.

Abstract: An inspecting step includes a first period after a cooling step ends and a second period after the first period ends. Variations in a voltage drop value per unit time in a nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery are smaller in the second period than in the first period. The cooling step cools the battery in a state where the electrode body is directly or indirectly pressurized and restrained in a thickness direction with a smaller pressure than that in the inspecting step or in a state where the electrode body is not restrained. The voltage value of the battery is measured when a specified time has passed after the voltage value of the battery was measured in the second period. The battery is determined as being normal when the voltage drop value per unit time based on the measured voltage value is less than or equal to a threshold value.

Abstract: An inductive rotor position sensor device for detecting a rotor angular position of a rotor of an electric machine. The inductive rotor position sensor device includes a transmitter coil for generating electromagnetic waves and a receiver coil for detecting the electromagnetic waves generated by the transmitter coil and influenced by the rotor, and includes a processing unit, which is designed to activate the transmitter coil and to evaluate the electromagnetic waves detected by the receiver coil for determining the rotor angular position. The coils and the processing unit are situated on a shared circuit board. The coils are situated on a front side, and the processing unit is situated on a rear side of the circuit board which faces away from the front side.

Abstract: A position sensor, wherein the position sensor detects the movement of a target relative to a sine receiver coil and a cosine receiver coil and generates a corresponding sine signal and a corresponding cosine signal, and a method for error detection of a position sensor.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a circuit breaker and an apparatus and an internet of things using the same. The method includes: obtaining a first data set representing force applied to a fixed point of an element of an actuating mechanism of the circuit breaker in present operation cycle, judging a health condition of the circuit breaker in consideration of normal operating condition related parameters of the element according to a history profile when the circuit breaker operated normally and current operating condition related parameters of the element in the present operation cycle extracted from the force represented by the first data set, and generating a signal indicating the health condition of the actuating mechanism of the circuit breaker.

Abstract: A type of rotating disk magnetic field probe (1) comprising: a non-magnetic rotating disk (2), 4N first soft ferromagnetic sectors (3), M second soft ferromagnetic sectors (4), a reference signal generator, an X-axis magnetoresistive sensor (7, 8), a Y-axis magnetoresistive sensor (5,6), and a Z-axis magnetoresistive sensor (9). Both the first soft ferromagnetic sectors (3) and the second soft ferromagnetic sector (4) are located on the non-magnetic rotating disk (2). In operation, the non-magnetic rotating disk (2) rotates about a Z-axis at a frequency f. An external magnetic field is modulated by the first soft ferromagnetic sector (3) into an X-axis magnetic field sensed component and a Y-axis magnetic field sensed component having a frequency of 4N×f, and is modulated by the second soft ferromagnetic field sectors into a Z-axis magnetic field sensed component having a frequency of M×f.