Abstract: A lithium primary battery including a current collecting wire that electrically connects an electrode body and a sealing body or a battery can, in which the electrode body includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, the negative electrode includes at least one selected from the group consisting of metal lithium and a lithium alloy, the current collecting wire includes a first lead connected to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a second lead connected to the sealing body or the battery can, and an overdischarge suppressing element interposed between the first lead and the second lead, the overdischarge suppressing element includes a first metal layer connected to the first lead, with the first metal layer being thinner than the first lead, a second metal layer connected to the second lead, with the second metal layer being thinner than the second lead, and a conductive layer interposed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer disposed to face ea

Abstract: A photoluminescent toner includes a photoluminescent toner particle that contains a binder resin, a release agent, and a photoluminescent pigment and has a release agent domain, and a silicone oil-treated silica particle that is externally added to the photoluminescent toner particle, in which in observation of a cross section of the photoluminescent toner particle, an average major axis length Dw of the release agent domain and an average major axis length Dp of the photoluminescent pigment satisfy Expression (1). 0.3?Dw/Dp?1.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery may include a cathode, an anode, and a polymer electrolyte. The anode may include a current collector. The current collector may include a metal oxide layer provided in a first pattern overlaying a metal layer. The anode may also include a patterned lithium storage structure. The patterned lithium storage structure may include a continuous porous lithium storage layer overlaying at least a portion of the first pattern of metal oxide. These and other lithium-ion batteries are described.

Abstract: An enclosure for an electronic device comprising at least a portion of the enclosure made up of at least one layer of a covering material, at least one layer of aluminum metal or alloy, at least one layer of an electrolyte gel, and at least one layer of activated carbon coated steel mesh. The at least one layer of aluminum metal or alloy, the at least one layer of an electrolyte gel, and the at least one layer of activated carbon coated steel mesh act together as an energy storage device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-lead conductive cap for a battery terminal and battery. The battery may comprise a battery housing and a positive and negative terminal, the positive and negative terminal being accessible through the battery housing; wherein the positive and negative terminal further comprise an electrically conductive cap mounted on both the positive and negative terminal, wherein the electrically conductive cap does not comprise lead.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices, systems and methods for implantable a biofuel cells. In some aspects, a biofuel cell device for extracting energy from a biological fluid includes a substrate including two compartments each with one or more openings; an anode assembly disposed in the substrate and including an anode electrode and functionalization material to facilitate an oxidative process that releases electrons captured at the anode electrode; and a cathode assembly disposed in the substrate separated from the anode assembly and including a catalytic material facilitate a chemical reduction process such that the biofuel cell device extracts electrical energy from the substance in the biological fluid.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic charge image development has toner particles containing a binder resin including 90 mass % or more of an amorphous resin. In a differential molecular weight distribution curve of tetrahydrofuran soluble matter as measured by gel permeation chromatography, the toner has a maximum peak Ma in a molecular weight range of 2,500 or more and 8,000 or less, a minimum value Mm in a molecular weight range of more than 8,000 and less than 280,000, and a maximum peak Mb in a molecular weight range of 280,000 or more and 900,000 or less. When the area of the differential molecular weight distribution curve in a range of a molecular weight of 100 or more and less than the minimum value Mm is defined as A, and the area of the differential molecular weight distribution curve in a range of the minimum value Mm or more and a molecular weight of 10,000,000 or less is defined as B, the area ratio A/B is 5.5 or more and 10 or less.

Abstract: Provided is an air electrode/LDH separator assembly including: a rigid porous layer having rigidity and air permeability, wherein the rigidity is defined as a proportion of displacement in a compression direction of less than 3% when pressurized at 0.1 MPa; an air electrode layer that covers both sides of the rigid porous layer, or both sides and end faces of the rigid porous layer provided that at least one end face is excluded; and a layered double hydroxide (LDH) separator that covers an outside of the air electrode layer; wherein i) the rigid porous layer is made of a metal or an electrically conductive ceramic, whereby the rigid porous layer itself functions as a positive electrode current collector, or ii) the rigid porous layer is made of an insulating material and is covered with a porous metal layer, whereby the porous metal layer functions as a positive electrode current collector.

Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic latent image is provided. The carrier comprises a core particle having an internal void ratio of from 0.0% to 2.0% and a coating layer coating the core particle. The coating layer contains flat chargeable particles satisfying Formula 1 blow: 1.0?R1/R2?3.0??Formula 1 where R1 [nm] and R2 [nm] represent a major axis and a thickness, respectively, of each of the flat chargeable particles. The carrier has an apparent density of from 2.0 to 2.5 g/cm3.

Abstract: Provided is a rolled alkali metal battery wherein the alkali metal is selected from Li, Na, K, or a combination thereof. The battery comprises an anode, a cathode, an alkali metal ion-conducting separator electronically separating the anode and the cathode, and an alkali metal ion-containing electrolyte in ionic contact with the anode and the cathode, wherein the anode contains a wound roll of an anode active material having an anode roll length, an anode roll width, and an anode roll thickness and/or the cathode contains a wound roll of a cathode active material having a cathode roll length, a cathode roll width, and a cathode roll thickness and wherein the anode roll width and/or the cathode roll width direction is substantially perpendicular to the separator plane.

Abstract: An external additive for toner comprising a particle of a silicon polymer having a siloxane bond and a Si—R1 bond, wherein the R1 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in a chart obtained by 29Si—NMR measurement of the external additive, where a total peak area attributed to the external additive is denoted by A, and a peak area attributed to the Si—R1 bond is denoted by B, a following formula (1) is satisfied, and in the chart obtained by 29Si—NMR measurement of the external additive, where a total peak area attributed to the silicon polymer is denoted by SA, and a peak area attributed to a T unit structure is denoted by S3, a following formula (2) is satisfied; 0.26 0 ? B / A ? 0 .450 ( 1 ) 0. ? S ? 3 / SA ? 0 ? .50 .

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices of the various embodiments provide a hardware and software architecture enabling electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (“EIS”) to be performed on multiple electrochemical devices, such as fuel cells, at the same time without human interaction with the electrochemical devices and to use EIS to dynamically monitor the performance of a fuel cell system. Embodiment methods may include determining an impedance of a set of fuel cells using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, determining an ohmic polarization of the set of fuel cells from the impedance, determining a concentration polarization of the set of fuel cells from the impedance, comparing the ohmic polarization of the set of fuel cells to a first threshold, comparing the concentration polarization of the set of fuel cells to a second threshold, and initiating a corrective action when the ohmic polarization is above the first threshold or when the concentration polarization is below the second threshold.

Abstract: An anode for use in an energy storage device is provided. The anode includes a current collector having an electrically conductive substrate and a surface layer overlaying a first side of the electrically conductive substrate. The surface layer may include a metal oxide or a metal chalcogenide. The anode may also include a lithium storage layer overlaying the surface layer. The lithium storage layer may have a total content of silicon, germanium, or a combination thereof of at least 40 atomic %. The lithium storage layer may include less than 10 atomic % carbon. The anode may also include a plurality of lithium storage filamentary structures in contact with a second side of the electrically conductive substrate. The second side is opposite the first side. The plurality of lithium storage filamentary structures may include silicon, germanium, tin, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A metal-supported catalyst, battery electrode, and battery, each having excellent catalytic activity and durability. The metal-supported catalyst includes: a carbon carrier; and catalyst metal particles supported thereon, wherein, in a photoelectron spectrum obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the catalyst exhibits, as a peak derived from a is orbital of a nitrogen atom, a peak to be separated into peaks of first to sixth nitrogen atoms having peak tops in the following respective ranges: (1) 398.6±0.2 eV; (2) 399.5±0.3 eV; (3) 400.5±0.2 eV; (4) 401.3±0.3 eV; (5) 403.4±0.4 eV; and (6) 404.5±0.5 eV, wherein a ratio of a peak area of the second nitrogen atoms to a total peak area of the nitrogen atoms of the (1) to (6) is 0.03 or more, and wherein a ratio of a concentration of the second nitrogen atoms to a concentration of carbon atoms measured by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is 0.0005 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery cell, which includes a battery case having an accommodation portion in which an electrode assembly is mounted, and a sealing portion formed by sealing an outer periphery thereof by heat fusion; an electrode lead electrically connected to an electrode tab included in the electrode assembly and protruding out of the battery case via the sealing portion; and a lead film located at a portion corresponding to the sealing portion in at least one of an upper portion and a lower portion of the electrode lead, wherein the lead film has a dented portion recessed toward an inside of the battery case, and the dented portion is opened toward an outside of the battery case.

Abstract: A cooling system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a liquid hydrogen metering pump having a pump inlet in fluid communication with the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and a pump outlet, a hydrogen evaporator heat exchanger having an evaporator inlet in fluid communication with the pump outlet, and an evaporator outlet, a hydrogen gas accumulator having an accumulator inlet in fluid communication with the evaporator outlet, and an accumulator outlet, a hydrogen fuel cell system comprising at least one hydrogen fuel cell having a fuel cell inlet in fluid communication with the accumulator outlet, and a coolant circuit comprising a first coolant path disposed in thermal contact with the hydrogen evaporator heat exchanger.

Abstract: A pellicle frame including a frame base having an anodized film on a surface thereof and covered with a transparent polymer film, where the polymer film is formed without color unevenness, is described. The inside surface of the pellicle frame has reduced glare due to particles and has a light resistance to an ArF laser at 1500 J. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device using a photomask with the pellicle is also described.

Abstract: An image forming method includes: forming a toner image on a sheet by using a toner including a first binder resin; and applying, to the toner image, a fixing solution capable of softening the first binder resin so as to fix the toner image to the sheet. The first binder resin is a condensate of a first alcohol component and a first carboxylic acid component. The first alcohol component contains 1,4-butanediol, and the first carboxylic acid component contains polyvalent carboxylic acid. A molar ratio of the 1,4-butanediol in the first alcohol component is not less than 30 mol %.

Abstract: An anode for an energy storage device includes a current collector. The current collector includes: i) an electrically conductive substrate including a first electrically conductive material; ii) a plurality of electrically conductive structures in electrical communication with the electrically conductive substrate, wherein each electrically conductive structure includes a second electrically conductive material; and iii) a metal oxide coating. The metal oxide coating includes one or both of: a) a first metal oxide material in contact with the electrically conductive substrate; or b) a second metal oxide material in contact with the electrically conductive structures; or both (a) and (b). The anode further includes lithium storage coating overlaying the metal oxide coating, the lithium storage layer including a total content of silicon, germanium, or a combination thereof. The electrically conductive structures are at least partially embedded within the lithium storage coating.

Abstract: In at least select embodiments, the instant disclosure is directed to new or improved battery separators, components, materials, additives, surfactants, lead acid batteries, systems, vehicles, and/or related methods of production and/or use. In at least certain embodiments, the instant disclosure is directed to surfactants or other additives for use with a battery separator for use in a lead acid battery, to battery separators with a surfactant or other additive, and/or to batteries including such separators. In at least certain select embodiments, the instant disclosure relates to new or improved lead acid battery separators and/or systems including improved water loss technology and/or methods of manufacture and/or use thereof.