Abstract: A method for the production of fermentable sugars and high viscosity cellulose from lignocellulosic material in a batch or continuous process is provided. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated in a fashion that cellulose is removed as pulp, cooking chemicals can be reused, lignin is separated for the production of process energy, and hemicelluloses are converted into fermentable sugars, while fermentation inhibitors are removed. High yield production of alcohols or organic acids can be obtained from this method using the final reaction step.
Abstract: Small Molecule Metabolite Reporters (SMMRs) for use as in vivo glucose biosensors, sensor compositions, and methods of use, are described. The SMMRs include boronic acid-containing xanthene, coumarin, carbostyril and phenalene-based small molecules which are used for monitoring glucose in vivo, advantageously on the skin.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 23, 2004
Date of Patent:
October 4, 2011
Assignee:
Masimo Laboratories, Inc.
Inventors:
Emile M. Bellott, Dongsheng Bu, James J. Childs, Christopher Lambert, Hubert A. Nienaber, Shirley J. Shi, Zhaolin Wang, Jerome J. Workman, Alex R. Zelenchuk
Abstract: Disclosed and claimed is a human erythropoietin (EPO) expressed and produced in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf900+ cell line (ATCC: CRL 12579) transfected with a baculovirus construct containing the EPO gene. The EPO has an in vivo activity of 200,000 U/mg to 500,000 U/mg.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 18, 2000
Date of Patent:
September 27, 2011
Assignee:
Protein Sciences Corporation
Inventors:
Gale E. Smith, John Knell, Andrei I. Voznesensky
Abstract: The present invention relates to biochemical methods for determining reverse cholesterol transport. Specifically, the rates of the two arms of reverse cholesterol transport (HDL or first arm and post-HDL or second arm) are obtained by measuring the flow of unlabeled cholesterol from tissues into plasma HDL and from plasma HDL to bile acids.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 3, 2007
Date of Patent:
September 20, 2011
Assignee:
The Regents of the University of California
Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method to identify a protein arginine deiminase 4 inhibitor is disclosed. The method includes performing a competitive assay in which a potential inhibitor compound competes with rhodamine-conjugated fluoroamidine to bind to protein arginine deiminase 4. Fluorescence is measured to determine an estimate of the amount of fluorescent protein arginine deiminase 4 that is present in the assay.
Abstract: The present invention provides a sensitive system for measuring the physiological response of an in-vitro cell culture to an environmental parameter. An electrical property of the cell culture is measured as a control signal, and a parameter of a stimulus is adjusted in real time to maintain the control signal at a specified value as the environment of the cell culture is altered, for example, pharmacologically. Artifact reduction and real-time control methods are two key aspects of preferred embodiments of the invention, and enable highly accurate determination of pulse parameters which elicit a desired response. Both aspects must be highly robust to the natural variations inherent in a biological system. This system is beneficial for studying the effects of environmental alterations because extremely small changes in the physiological response can be measured over time, revealing the magnitude and time-dependence of the impact of these alterations on the cell culture.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 24, 2005
Date of Patent:
August 9, 2011
Assignee:
The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
Inventors:
Gregory T. A. Kovacs, R. Hollis Whittington
Abstract: The invention provides biocatalytic methods for the manufacture of pure single enantiomer compounds. This invention provides methods of screening for enzymes which are highly enantioselective or enzymes that can provide any desired stereoisomer of a compound. The invention provides the use of single enantiomer substrates in performing a growth screen of a clonal library to identify highly stereoselective enzymes. In one aspect, methods for screening and identification of enzymes, e.g., transaminases, nitrilases, aldolases, epoxide hydrolases are provided. Methods for the production and screening of gene libraries generated from nucleic acids isolated from more than one organism for enzyme, e.g., transaminase, activities are also provided.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 21, 2002
Date of Patent:
July 19, 2011
Assignee:
Verenium Corporation
Inventors:
David Weiner, Tim Hitchman, Lishan Zhao, Mark J. Burk, Grace Desantis, Sarah Richardson Hanson, Aileen Milan, Toby Richardson, Patti Kretz, William Greenberg
Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formulas I, II, and III, methods of making them, and methods of their use. The compounds of the invention can be used as fluorescent sensors, for example, to detect an amine-containing analyte in a biological sample. The compounds can be selective for one type of amine over others and the amount of fluorescence can be correlated with the concentration of the amine in the sample.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 28, 2006
Date of Patent:
July 12, 2011
Assignee:
The Curators of the University of Missouri
Abstract: Polypeptides comprising monomer domains that bind to c-MET, or portions thereof, are provided.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 15, 2010
Date of Patent:
June 28, 2011
Assignee:
Amgen Mountain View, Inc.
Inventors:
Willem P. C. Stemmer, D. Victor Perlroth, Sanjeev Satyal, Benjamin M. Alba, Alice Bakker, Amy N. Duguay, Qiang Lui, Joshua Silverman, Richard Smith, Candace Swimmer
Abstract: Peptides have been generated that have binding affinity to carbon nanostructures and particularly carbon nanotubes. Peptides of or the invention are generally about twelve amino acids in length. Methods for generating carbon nanotube binding peptides are also disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 1, 2010
Date of Patent:
May 31, 2011
Assignee:
E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
Inventors:
Anand Jagota, Steven Raymond Lustig, Siqun Wang, Hong Wang
Abstract: A phage-displayed library of llama single heavy domain antibodies (sdAbs) was enriched for species that selectively bind to and are internalized by human cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (HCEC). From the enriched library, two sdAbs were selected, sequenced, subcloned, and expressed as fusion proteins with c-myc-His5 tags. Similarly as phage-displayed sdAbs, these soluble tagged sdAbs were shown to selectively bind to HCEC and to transmigrate across in vitro human blood-brain barrier (BBB) model. In contrast to an unrelated llama sdAb, these sdAbs were also detected in the brain after i.v. injection into mice. These small (˜13 kDa) antibody fragments have essential characteristics of brain-specific delivery vectors and can be used to facilitate drug transport across the BBB.
Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of using libraries of randomized zinc finger proteins to identify genes associated with selected phenotypes.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 12, 2006
Date of Patent:
May 17, 2011
Assignee:
Sangamo Biosciences, Inc.
Inventors:
Casey C. Case, Edward J. Rebar, Andrew Jamieson
Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the identification or cloning of polynucleotides encoding a selected phenotype, particularly from environmental DNA. In a specific embodiment, the method comprises (i) cloning environmental DNA fragments into E. coli cloning vectors to produce a metagenomic library, (ii) identifying or selecting cloning vectors in the library which contain DNA fragments having a particular characteristic of interest, (iii) modifying the identified or selected cloning vectors into shuttle or expression vectors for transfer and integration in a selected host cell, (iv) transferring the modified cloning vectors into the selected host-cell and (v) identifying or cloning the DNA fragments contained in the modified cloning vectors which encode the selected phenotype in the selected host cell.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 17, 2003
Date of Patent:
March 22, 2011
Assignee:
Libragen
Inventors:
Renaud Nalin, Petar Pujic, Karine Tuphile, Benjamin Gillet
Abstract: The present invention provides a method for identifying inhibitors of protein kinases. Methods are also provided for inhibiting protein kinase activity. Specific non-peptide protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors are provided. The protein kinases produced using the method of the present invention may be used to treat a number of conditions in patients, including cancer, psoriasis, atherosclerosis, or immune system activity.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 27, 2005
Date of Patent:
March 8, 2011
Assignee:
The Research Foundation of State University of New York
Abstract: The present invention describes rapid methods to screen for biomolecular interactions in vivo based on protein fragment complementation assays (PCA). We have demonstrated an in vivo library-versus-library screening strategy that has numerous applications in the identification of novel protein-protein interactions and in directed evolution. Also we demonstrate the detection of protein-protein interactions starting with defined (full-length) cDNAs, and the concomitant generation of functional assays that provide initial validation of the cDNA products as being biologically relevant. Also, we screened a large cDNA collection using automated PCA, combined with quantitative detection of protein-protein complexes. The invention enables bait-vs.-library, library-vs.-library and defined gene screening in any type of cell or cellular context, and using a wide range of reporters and detection methods.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 5, 2003
Date of Patent:
December 21, 2010
Assignee:
ODYSSEY THERA, Inc.
Inventors:
Stephen William Watson Michnick, Ingrid Remy, Jane Lamerdin
Abstract: Polypeptides comprising monomer domains that bind to c-MET, or portions thereof, are provided.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 17, 2005
Date of Patent:
September 28, 2010
Assignee:
Amgen Mountain View, Inc.
Inventors:
Willem P. C. Stemmer, D. Victor Perlroth, Sanjeev Satyal, Benjamin M. Alba, Alice Bakker, Amy N. Duguay, Qiang Liu, Joshua Silverman, Richard Smith, Candace Swimmer
Abstract: The present invention relates to gene regulation. In particular, the present invention provides small molecule activation domain compositions and methods of making the same. The present invention further provides methods of regulating gene expression using the novel activation domains. The invention also provides methods of screening small molecule/compound libraries for identifying ligands of a protein or molecule of interest.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 7, 2005
Date of Patent:
August 31, 2010
Assignee:
The Regents of the University of Michigan
Abstract: The invention relates to a biosensor comprising living cells that express a chemosensor, or receptor, on their surface. When grown on a microarray comprising electrodes, the cells can be induced, by binding of a ligand to the receptor, to secrete a molecule. This secretion event is detected with millisecond temporal resolution via electrochemical oxidation of the secreted molecule on the electrode which is voltage-clamped slightly above its redox potential. The current so generated is indicative of the amount of the ligand bound to the receptor.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 20, 2004
Date of Patent:
August 17, 2010
Assignee:
The Research Foundation of State University of New York
Inventors:
Ben G. Szaro, James Castracane, Xiaojun Feng
Abstract: Extended rhodamine compounds exhibiting favorable fluorescence characteristics having the structure are disclosed. In addition, novel intermediates for synthesis of these dyes are disclosed, such intermediates having the structure In addition, methods of making and using the dyes as fluorescent labels are disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 24, 2004
Date of Patent:
August 17, 2010
Assignee:
Applied Biosystems, LLC
Inventors:
Joe Y. L. Lam, Scott C. Benson, Steven M. Menchen
Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of prophylaxis and therapy for inflammatory and/or fibrotic diseases which include responses to injuries. In particular, the present invention is related to agents that can bind or complex copper such as thiomolybdate, and to the use of these agents in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory and/or fibrotic diseases.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 29, 2007
Date of Patent:
July 20, 2010
Assignee:
The Regents of the University of Michigan