Abstract: The invention is directed to an improved wavelength selective optical filter component having an optical path therethrough and comprising a first and a second optical port, a multimode interference region and a wavelength selective element. The first optical port and the multimode interference region each have an axis of symmetry relative to the optical path. The optical path enables light to travel through the multimode interference region and the wavelength selective element from the first or second optical port to the other optical port, and wherein the axis of symmetry of the multimode interference region is not aligned with the axis of symmetry of the first optical port.

Abstract: A method for producing a flat panel display including a face plate portion and a rear plate portion opposite to each other, and a frame portion, includes a step of adhering a portion between the face plate and the rear plate while guiding by a jig. The jig functions as a guide such that the relative positions between the face plate and the rear plate are in a predetermined state at least in a direction within a plane of the plates, and movement in an interval direction of the face plate and the rear plate can be allowed.

Abstract: A method of forming a phosphor layer of a gas discharge tube provided with the phosphor layer on an internal surface of an elongated tubular vessel forming a discharge space. The method includes the steps of introducing a slurry of phosphor powder and a binding resin dispersed in a medium into the tubular vessel, holding the tubular vessel sideways to deposit the phosphor powder and the binding resin in the tubular vessel, and removing the medium from the tubular vessel, thereby forming a phosphor layer on one side of the internal surface of the tubular vessel.

Abstract: A fluorescent display device having a pseudo half mirror formed on a rear surface a face plate thereof and exhibiting a function like a neutral density filter. The face plate is formed on a whole rear surface thereof with an aluminum film including opening portions, non-opening portions and a solid portion. The opening and non-opening portions cooperate with each other to constitute a pseudo half mirror. The pseudo half mirror has light transmittance determined depending on a ratio in area between the opening portions and the non-opening portions. Thus, the light transmittance may be set as desired by varying the area ratio.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate being provided with a predetermined gap therebetween. Barrier ribs are formed in a non-striped pattern between the first substrate and the second substrate, the barrier ribs defining a plurality of discharge spaces. A plurality of address electrodes are formed on the first substrate along a direction (y), the address electrodes being formed within and outside discharge spaces. A plurality of sustain electrodes are formed on the second substrate along a direction (x), the sustain electrodes being formed within and outside discharge spaces. The address electrodes include large electrode portions provided within discharge spaces and small electrode portions provided outside the discharge spaces. If a width of large electrode portions is AW, a width of small electrode portions is Aw, and a distance between barrier ribs along direction (x) is D, AW is larger than Aw, and AW is 40-75% of D.

Abstract: A variable-wavelength light source unit for sending output light of an arbitrary wavelength selected in a variable-wavelength light source section 1 has an optical variable attenuator 2 placed on the output side of the variable-wavelength light source section and a control circuit 4 for controlling the attenuation amount of the optical variable attenuator in response to light output provided by splitting a part of the output light.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an electron source includes the steps of fixing a first sealing member to a substrate disposed with an electroconductive member, the first sealing member surrounding the electroconductive member excepting a portion of the electroconductive member, abutting a chamber on the first sealing member to cover the electroconductive member excepting the portion of the electroconductive member and form a hermetically sealed atmosphere between the substrate and the chamber, supplying power to the portion of the electroconductive member to give part of the electroconductive member covered with the chamber an electron-emitting function, and removing the chamber from the substrate.

Abstract: An optical coupling device for injecting light between two optical waveguide end faces, it being possible to vary the geometrical position of one optical waveguide end face with respect to the other optical waveguide end face with the aid of a variable-length element. The element bears one of the two optical waveguides, and is fixed to the other optical waveguide via holding blocks. The variable-length element or the holding device is held by a spring element, which is supported directly or indirectly on at least one of the holding blocks and permits movement of the variable-length element or the holding element in the longitudinal direction of the variable-length element in which the variable-length element extends or shortens, and suppresses movement of the variable-length element perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the variable-length element, the fiber being held on the other optical waveguide by the spring element close to the fixing of the holding blocks.

Abstract: An organic EL display comprises a first translucent substrate 1; an organic EL element 2, provided on top of the first translucent substrate 1, and formed by layering an anode, a photoemissive layer formed from a plurality of organic substances, and a cathode; and a second translucent substrate 31 which seals the organic EL element 2. The second translucent substrate 31 adopts a configuration comprising a depression 30 at the site facing the organic EL element 2.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a light emitting element is provided in which total reflection at the interface between a substrate and the air is avoided and all of emitted light can be taken out. The light emitting device of the present invention is provided with a light reflector. Therefore light emitted from an organic compound layer, which otherwise would meet total reflection at the interface between the substrate and the air, is reflected by the light reflector so that the light can reach outside.

Abstract: This invention provides an electron source manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method which facilitate downsizing and operation and are suitable for mass production. The electron source manufacturing apparatus includes a support which supports a substrate having conductors formed on it and has a means for adjusting the temperature of the substrate, a vessel which has a gas inlet port and gas exhaust port and covers a partial region on the surface of the substrate, an unit for introducing and exhausting gas into and from the vessel, and an unit for applying a voltage to the conductors. The support has a groove.

Abstract: A pumped Raman fiber optic amplifier includes two optical fibers whose lengths are determined so that the fibers exhibit dispersions of substantially equal magnitude and opposite sign at the wavelength of an input light signal. The fiber having the positive dispersion has a cylindrical core, an outer cladding, and a refractive index profile with respect to the outer cladding. The core has a diameter of between 3 and 6 microns (&mgr;m) and a difference (&Dgr;n) between the index of the core and the cladding is between 0.015 and 0.035. The index profile includes a trench region adjacent the circumference of the core, and the trench region has a width of between 1 and 4 &mgr;m and a &Dgr;n of between −0.005 and −0.015. The two fibers are slope matched so that the net dispersion of the amplifier remains substantially zero over a broad wavelength interval.

Abstract: A large diameter waveguide is provided having a diameter of at least about 0.3 millimeters, and an outer cladding with an inner core with a blazed grating included therein, which is written into the inner core at an oblique angle relative to a longitudinal axis of the inner core either for attenuating optical light traveling in the optical waveguide, or for reflecting optical light to or from the optical waveguide. The blazed grating has an optical parameter that changes in response to an application of a compressive force on the optical waveguide. The outer cladding may have the blazed grating written therein. The blazed grating has concatenated periodic or aperiodic gratings. The optical waveguide may be shaped like a dogbone structure having wider outer sections and a narrower central section inbetween. The blazed grating is written in the narrower central section of the dogbone structure.

Abstract: A planar substrate having a first diffractive element for coupling light waves of different colors into the substrate and guiding the light waves by successive internal reflections. A second diffractive element, disposed on the substrate, causes the guided light waves to be partially transmitted out of the substrate where the light waves encounter the second diffractive element. Because light waves of each color are reflected at different reflection angles, the light waves with smaller reflection angles encounter the second diffractive element at more locations than those with larger reflection angles, resulting in color non-uniformity in the light transmitted out from the substrate surface. One or more interfaces are provided between the surfaces of the substrate to selectively reflect the light waves having larger reflection angles toward the second diffraction element, so that light waves of different colors encounter the second diffraction element substantially at the same number of locations.

Abstract: This switching device comprises at least one cell made up of a moving structure consisting in a flexible cantilever beam (14) and an integral screen (16) attached to said beam, being able to move between two end positions (A, B) and of actuating electrodes (20) for subjecting said structure to forces of attraction to control its movements. The electrodes (20) are located on each side of the beam (14) in such a way as to follow its exact shape when it is in one of its two end positions. A regular movement of the moving structure and a reliable operating of the switching device are thus obtained This invention may be used in optical switching applications.

Abstract: A ceramic body (14) for a discharge vessel (12) includes a central barrel portion (60) and two end plus (64, 66), which close opposite ends of the barrel. Main electrode (32, 34) and an initiator electrode 50 are supplied with power via conductors in leg members (70, 76, 72). In one embodiment, a first electrode 32 and the initiator electrode are supplied with current through two separate leg members. In another embodiment, a dual electrode leg member is provided with two bores (124, 126).

Abstract: The positional arrangement of the color section in each pixel of an electroluminescent display panel is different from the positional arrangement of the color sections in at least one adjacent pixel. This yields an improved image quality as perceived by the viewer, in particular when moving images are displayed on low-resolution displays. A preferred embodiment of the invention is an electroluminescent display panel in which the color sections are arranged on continuous lines, which are oriented to run diagonally across the display panel.

Abstract: EL panels are made with PVDF/HFP copolymer resin binder, in substantially an uncrosslinked form, with DMAC solvent and/or other higher boiling point solvents/latent solvents/extenders. The resin binder is characterized by a melt viscosity of 1.0-8.5 kP using an industry standard test (ASTM D3835).

Abstract: An optical fiber for use in optical energy transmission system has improved mode coupling in one embodiment thereof and both improved mode coupling and selective attenuation of unwanted modes in another embodiment. The optical fiber includes a plurality of particles of refractive index differing from that of the fiber core, in which the particles are distributed, and from that of the fiber cladding in which, in one embodiment, particles are distributed. In fabricating the fiber, the particles are introduced into the preform from which the fiber is drawn, and, in a co-extrusion process, they are also introduced into the polymer prior to its being extruded with the core material.

Abstract: A mercury vapor discharge lamp is provided having either a yttria-dispersed alumina barrier layer, or a yttria-dispersed phosphor layer with no barrier layer. The yttria-dispersed layer is preferably coated directly on the inner surface of the glass envelope of a fluorescent lamp, and substantially reduces mercury depletion via reaction with the glass envelope. Preferably, the yttria-dispersed layer also has a fine coating of yttria deposited over the surfaces of the coating particles, and over the inner surface of the glass envelope. A method of preparing a coating layer having such a yttria coating, and yttria particles uniformly dispersed therethrough, is also provided.