Abstract: The present disclosure provides a solar cell and a method for producing same. The solar cell includes: a substrate; a first passivation film, an anti-reflection layer and at least one first electrode formed on a front surface of the substrate; and a tunneling layer, a field passivation layer and at least one second electrode formed on a rear surface. The field passivation layer includes a first field passivation sub-layer and a second field passivation sub-layer; a conductivity of the first field passivation sub-layer is greater than a conductivity of the second field passivation sub-layer, and a thickness of the second field passivation sub-layer is smaller than a thickness of the first field passivation sub-layer; either the at least one first electrode or the at least one second electrode includes a silver electrode, a conductive adhesive and an electrode film that are sequentially formed in a direction away from the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a perovskite phase having the stoichiometry ABX3 and a perovskite-like phase having the stoichiometry A?2A?B?2X?, where A is a first cation, B is a second cation, X is a first anion, A? is a third cation, A? is a fourth cation, B? is a fifth cation, X? is a second anion, and A? is different than A?.

Abstract: A heat conversion apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a pipe which includes a first flat surface and a second flat surface disposed parallel to the first surface, and through which air having a lower temperature than entered air is discharged; a plurality of thermoelectric elements that have heat-absorbing surfaces disposed in external sides of the respective first and second surfaces; a plurality of printed circuit boards (PCBs) that are electrically connected to the plurality of thermoelectric elements; and coolant passing members that are disposed on heat-radiating surfaces of the plurality of thermoelectric elements, wherein an external floor surface of the coolant passing member includes a plurality of first external floor surfaces having a first height and a plurality of second external floor surfaces having a second height that is different from the first height, the plurality of first external floor surfaces are in contact with the heat-radiating surfaces of the p

Abstract: Provided herein is a thermoelectric element that includes a cold end, a hot end, and a p-type or n-type material having a length between the hot end and the cold end. The p-type or n-type material has an intrinsic Seebeck coefficient (S), an electrical resistivity (?), and a thermal conductivity (?). Each of two or more of S, ?, and ? generally increases along the length from the cold end to the hot end. The thermoelectric element may be provided in single-stage thermoelectric devices providing enhanced maximum temperature differences. The single-stage thermoelectric devices maybe combined with one another to provide multi-stage thermoelectric devices with even further enhanced maximum temperature differences.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first metal substrate; a first resin layer which is arranged on the first metal substrate and which comes into direct contact with the first metal substrate; a plurality of first electrodes arranged on the first resin layer; a plurality of P-type thermoelectric legs and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric legs which are arranged on the plurality of first electrodes; a plurality of second electrodes arranged on the plurality of P-type thermoelectric legs and the plurality of N-type thermoelectric legs; a second resin layer arranged on the plurality of second electrodes; and a second metal substrate which is arranged on the second resin layer and which comes into direct contact with the second resin layer, wherein the adhesion strength between the first resin layer and the plurality of first electrodes differs from the adhesion strength between the second resin layer and the plurality of second electrodes.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes a support layer, a thermoelectric conversion material portion disposed on the support layer and including a strip-shaped first material layer that converts thermal energy into electrical energy and a strip-shaped second material layer that is electrically conductive, and a light absorbing film disposed on the thermoelectric conversion material portion to form a temperature difference in a longitudinal direction of the first material layer. The first material layer includes a first region and a second region. The second material layer includes a third region and a fourth region connected to the second region. The optical sensor further includes a first electrode electrically connected to the first region, and a second electrode disposed apart from the first electrode and electrically connected to the third region. The first material layer has a width, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, of 0.1 ?m or more.

Abstract: A solar cell panel that includes: a plurality of solar cells that include a first solar cell and a second solar cell, the plurality of solar cells having respective lengths in a first direction and respective widths in a second direction; and one or more connecting members that electrically connect two adjacent solar cells of the plurality of solar cells, wherein the first solar cell includes a first inclined portion at a first side of the first solar cell, wherein the second solar cell includes a second inclined portion at a first side of the second solar cell, and wherein a first width of the first solar cell in the second direction is different from a second width of the second solar cell in the second direction is disclosed.

Abstract: A stacked multi-junction solar cell with a front side contacted through the rear side and having a solar cell stack having a Ge substrate layer, a Ge subcell, and at least two III-V subcells, with a through contact opening, a front terminal contact, a rear terminal contact, an antireflection layer formed on a part of the front side of the multi-junction solar cell, a dielectric insulating layer, and a contact layer. The dielectric insulating layer covers the antireflection layer, an edge region of a top of the front terminal contact, a lateral surface of the through contact opening, and a region of the rear side of the solar cell stack adjacent to the through contact opening. The contact layer from a region of the top of the front terminal contact that is not covered by the dielectric insulating layer through the through contact opening to the rear side.

Abstract: The thermoelectric conversion element according to the present disclosure comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a first intermediate layer, a second intermediate layer, and a thermoelectric conversion layer. The first intermediate layer is provided between the thermoelectric conversion layer and the first electrode. The first intermediate layer is in contact with the thermoelectric conversion layer. The first electrode is in contact with the first intermediate layer. The second intermediate layer is provided between the thermoelectric conversion layer and the second electrode. The second intermediate layer is in contact with the thermoelectric conversion layer. The second electrode is in contact with the second intermediate layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are composed of a CuZn alloy. The thermoelectric conversion layer is composed of a thermoelectric conversion material containing Mg.

Abstract: In an aspect, a method of forming a photoactive device comprises: providing a perovskite-surfactant solution, said perovskite-surfactant solution comprising a perovskite ink and a surfactant; and coating said perovskite-surfactant solution onto a receiving surface of a substrate thereby forming a layer of said photoactive device; wherein said layer comprises a perovskite material; and wherein an active area of said photoactive device is at least 1 cm2.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element of the present invention comprises a first metal substrate, a first resin layer, a plurality of first electrodes, a plurality of P-type thermoelectric legs and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric legs, a plurality of second electrodes, a second resin layer, and a second metal substrate, wherein the first metal substrate is a low-temperature portion, the second metal substrate is a high-temperature portion, the second resin layer comprises a first layer and a second layer arranged on the first layer, the first and second layers include a silicon (Si)-based resin, and the bonding strength of the first resin layer is higher than the bonding strength of the second resin layer.

Abstract: A woven structure includes thermoelectric ribbons interwoven with thread. Each thermoelectric ribbon includes a folded matrix of thermoelectric elements, the matrix having an insulating substrate that supports plural rows of thermoelectric elements, a plurality of conductive elements, and two terminals. The conductive elements form a series connection of the thermoelectric elements between the two terminals. A set of first conductive elements have a first temperature and a set of second conductive contacts have a second temperature lower than the first temperature when a first current flows in a first direction between the first matrix terminal and the second matrix terminal. The folded matrix is configured to form spaced-apart alternating stacks of the first conductive contacts and second conductive contacts. Each length of the yard or thread is interwoven such that it passes alternately under stacks of first conductive contacts and over stacks of second conductive contacts.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing a temperature difference between the sides of a Thermo-Electric Generator (TEG) for generating electrical power are described. Water is used to saturate a wicking material in thermal communication with at least one thermal conductor, such as metal tubing or wires, whereby one side of the TEG is cooled by the reduction of heat caused by the evaporation of the liquid from the material, and transferred to the TEG by the at least one thermal conductor. The other side of the TEG is maintained in a dry condition, and exposed to ambient conditions, thereby remaining at ambient temperature and, as a result, containing more heat than the cooled side.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a power generation element, includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a crystal member. A direction from the second conductive layer toward the first conductive layer is along a first direction. The crystal member is provided between the first conductive layer and the second conductive member. The crystal member includes a crystal pair. The crystal pair includes a first crystal part and a second crystal part. A second direction from the first crystal part toward the second crystal part crosses the first direction. A gap is provided between the first crystal part and the second crystal part. The first conductive layer is electrically connected to the first crystal part. The second conductive layer is electrically connected to the second crystal part.

Abstract: A solar cell including: a semiconductor substrate having a first conductivity type; a first conductivity type layer having a conductivity type equal to the first conductivity type and a second conductivity type layer having a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type, which are located on a first main surface of the substrate; a first collecting electrode on the first conductivity type layer located on the first main surface; and a second collecting electrode on the second conductivity type layer located on the first main surface. In the solar cell, a second conductivity type layer having the second conductivity type is formed on a side surface of the semiconductor substrate and continuously from the second conductivity type layer located on the first main surface. Consequently, it is possible to provide a solar cell having excellent conversion efficiency and being capable of efficiently collecting carriers.

Abstract: A radiation device or the like has a structure for selectively converting thermal energy into an electromagnetic wave. The radiation device has a conductor layer, a semiconductor layer, and a plurality of conductor disks. The plurality of conductor disks are arranged on the semiconductor layer so that the same arrangement pattern is constituted in each of a plurality of unit constituent regions each having a rectangular shape with a side of 4.5 to 5.5 ?m. The arrangement pattern of individual unit components includes nine conductor disks so as to correspond to a 3×3 matrix, and the nine conductor disks include four or more kinds of conductor disks having diameters different from each other. As a result, a two-dimensional periodic structure of the arrangement pattern is formed on the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A thermoelectric composite includes: a first layer including a thermoelectric semiconductor material; and a second layer including a conductive inorganic filler, wherein the first and second layers are stacked in layered form constituting a superlattice structure.

Abstract: In the thermoelectric power generator, a first heat insulation layer is paved on a partial lower surface of a first heat conduction and insulation end surface; a first electric conduction electrode is arranged on a lower surface of the first heat conduction layer and a lower surface of the first heat conduction and insulation end surface; a second electric conduction electrode is arranged opposite to the first electric conduction electrode and adaptive to the first electric conduction electrode; a thermoelectric component includes a plurality of P—N type thermoelectric arms connected in series; and a second heat conduction and insulation end surface is arranged opposite to the first heat conduction and insulation end surface, and an upper surface of the second heat conduction and insulation end surface is in partial contact with the second electric conduction electrode and in partial contact with the second heat insulation layer.

Abstract: A thermoelectric module according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first metal substrate; a thermoelectric element; and a second metal substrate, wherein the thermoelectric element comprises a first resin layer, a plurality of first electrodes, a plurality of P-type thermoelectric legs and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric legs, a plurality of second electrodes and a second resin layer, wherein the width of the first metal substrate is greater than the width of the second metal substrate, and the first metal substrate comprises a first surface in direct contact with the first resin layer and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and further comprises: a first support spaced apart from the thermoelectric element and a side surface of the second metal substrate on the first surface of the first metal substrate, and arranged so as to surround the thermoelectric element and the side surface of the second metal substrate; and a sealing material spaced apart from the thermoelectr

Abstract: A solar cell module can include a plurality of solar cells, each solar cell among the plurality of solar cells including a first electrode and a second electrode arranged in parallel on a rear surface of a semiconductor substrate; a substrate including a conductive pattern electrically connecting the plurality of solar cells with each other; and a protective film disposed on the plurality of solar cells on a front surface of the substrate, in which the conductive pattern includes: a plurality of conductive portions, each of the plurality of conductive portions being arranged between two adjacent solar cells among the plurality of solar cells, an electrode portion formed on a rear surface of the substrate, and a connection portion connected to the electrode portion and surrounding a side surface of the substrate.