Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a substrate, a light shielding layer having a substantial portion in the substrate, and an insulating layer over the light shielding layer and the substrate. A transistor includes gate, source, and drain electrodes over the insulating layer, the light shielding layer substantially covering the transistor. A data bus line is connected to one of the drain and source electrodes and a first light leakage region is adjacent the data bus line, the light shielding layer shielding the first light leakage region. A gate bus line connected to the gate electrode and a second light leakage region is adjacent the gate electrode, the light shielding layer shielding the second light leakage region. A pixel electrode contacts one of the source and drain electrodes of the transistor. A third light leakage region is between the data bus line and the pixel electrode, the light shielding region shielding the third light leakage region.

Abstract: An illumination system comprising a reflector, a cholesteric filter and a depolarizer. The cholesteric filter is arranged between a radiation source and, in a display device, a display panel, and is selected to transmit radiation having a selected state of polarization in a selected wavelength range, while reflecting otherwise polarized radiation in that wavelength range. The depolarizer is disposed between the reflector and the cholesteric filter. Radiation reflected by the cholesteric filter is re-reflected to the filter by the reflector and, having been depolarized in the depolarizer, is transmitted to the extent it has the selected state of polarization in the selected wavelength.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof are provided where the liquid crystal display device is equipped with a light diffusion layer that gives sufficient light diffusion while providing easy control of the degree of diffusion of the transmitted light and which can be easily manufactured. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a transmission type liquid crystal panel 1, a light diffuser 10 and a directional backlight 3. The liquid crystal panel 1 includes a pair of glass substrates 1, at the front surface of which the light diffuser 10 is provided. The light diffuser 10 that is characteristic to the present invention is divided up into a first resin layer 11B over which fine particles 8a are dispersed and a second resin layer 12. Since the refractive index of the first resin layer 11B is approximately the same as that of the fine particles 8a, there is no lens effect between the fine particles.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a liquid crystal spatial light modulator which includes, among other components, a layer of liquid crystal material which changes the way in which it acts on light in response to predetermined changes in voltage across the layer, whereby to modulate the light so acted upon, and an arrangement for applying a light modulating voltage across the layer of liquid crystal material and for modulating the voltage during a given modulation period. This latter arrangement includes a non-linear capacitor and a voltage coupling scheme for changing the voltage across the capacitor during the modulation period in a way which changes the capacitance of the capacitor and thereby capacitively couples at least a part of the change in voltage across the capacitor to the layer of liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A variable delay circuit including delay devices each having a plurality of delay units connected successively, only some of the delay units of the delay devices being connected to a signal transmission line, wherein a delay time is controlled by activating or inactivating the plurality of delay units according to control signals applied to control input terminals provided respectively for said plurality of delay units.

Abstract: There is provided a potential data selection circuit suitable for use, e.g., in a device for driving a liquid crystal pane adapted for selecting an arbitrary one of a plurality of potential data to output the selected one. This potential data selection circuit comprises: a sample-hold circuit adapted for sampling and holding selection data of at least 2 bits to output them, and a decoder adapted to receive the selection data from the sample-hold circuit to decode them to output control signals. The potential data selection circuit further comprises a multiplexer including analog switches adapted to respectively receive at least two potential data, and responsive to the control signals from the decoder to control the operations of the analog switches to select any one of the potential data to output the selected one, and an output circuit adapted to receive the selected potential data to output a signal of a voltage of the selected potential data to the exterior.

Abstract: A sequential amplifier having at least two amplifier stages separated by a delay device such that a clock may control both stages to energize one while the other is de-energized, thus allowing a signal to be amplified by adjacent amplifier stages without the adverse effects of feedback associated therewith.

Abstract: A variable gain amplifier includes a first transistor including a base, and an emitter, and a collector. A first parallel feedback device connected to the collector and the base of the first transistor provides an inductive impedance. A second parallel feedback device connected to the collector and the base of the first transistor provides a variable resistive impedance and includes a monolithically integrated p-i-n diode having a quiescent bias current flowing therethrough. The gain response of the first transistor is related to the variable resistive impedance of the second parallel feedback device.