Abstract: A magneto-optical light switching element comprising islands which are formed from an epitaxial layer on the basis of bismuth-substituted rare earth metal iron garnet, which layer is provided on a nonmagnetic, optically transparent garnet substrate, integrated heating resistors being provided on the islands which are surrounded by a coil, the substrate being (100)-oriented and the coil being constructed as an integrated coil.

Abstract: A hot-stick mountable, line powered, EHV conductor mounted environmental monitoring apparatus. The sensor module contains sensors for monitoring solar insolation, wind speed, lightning flashes, ambient temperature, relative humidity and dew point, precipitation, conductor icing, acoustic corona detection and conductor vibration. The power line environmental monitoring sensor module is configured to be corona free and can be installed on or removed from an energized high voltage power conductor. Data commensurate with the measured parameters is communicated from the sensor module to a Central or Regional Power Dispatch Center via a Geosynchronous Orbiting Environmental satellite (GOES) or to a ground station in the vicinity of the sensor module.

Abstract: Contact lens or intraocular lens from lightly crosslinked polymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or from such its copolymer, where the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate component prevails over the second nonhydrophilic component, which contains a hydrophilic swellable transparent surface layer and an inner portion of lower swellability than the surface layer, whereby the swellability of the surface layer decreases continuously from the exterior of the surface layer towards the inner portion to the swellability level of the inner portion.The swellability of the exterior of the surface layer is at the surface layer of up to 98% and the thickness of the surface layer is at utmost 100 .mu.m.The finally shaped lense is treated with an alkaline reacting solution of a salt, in which the lens does not swell and the lens is then freed of all soluble substances by washing.

Abstract: A binocular magnifier which has a convex lens for the right eye retained in front of the right eye and a convex lens for the left eye retained in front of the left eye. The convex lens for the right eye is disposed eccentrically in such a manner that the optical axis of the lens is parallel to the visual axis of the right eye in the short-distance working region and located on the side of the visual axis of the right eye which is closer to the left eye. The convex lens for the left eye is disposed eccentrically in such a manner that the optical axis of the lens is parallel to the visual axis of the left eye in the short-distance working region and located on the side of the visual axis of the left eye which is closer to the right eye. The two convex lenses are spliced together in one unit at the median position between the right and left eyes.

Abstract: In a monitoring system for a bridge output stage which is connected in series with a controllable source of current, to the terminals of a source of operating voltage, the voltage over the bridge output stage and the voltage drop over a current-measurement resistor are fed to a subtraction circuit. The subtraction circuit is connected, via an analog-to-digital converter, to an input of a microcomputer, and a program is provided by which it is tested whether the voltage at the input of the microcomputer lies within a predetermined range. The operating voltage and the voltage over the controllable source of current are preferably fed to a further subtraction circuit the output of which is connected to an output of the subtraction circuit.

Abstract: A photovoltaic system controller particularly adapted for utilization with a photovoltaic power system including a photovoltaic array, system battery, load and, optionally, an auxiliary generator. The controller utilizes a microprocessor to monitor various parameters of the system and to perform system control functions. The microprocessor is provided with a plurality of setpoints corresponding to desired system parameters for utilization as reference points for the conducting of control functions. The setpoints are adapted to be easily field adjustable to cover a wide range of parameters. The controller is particularly suited for adaption to an entire spectrum of system designs merely by replacing the programmable memory component of the controller. The controller derives its power from a tap off the system battery and is designed to withstand the harsh environment associated with remote site locations. All of the control functions are temperature compensated.

Abstract: A fish is bred in a transparent basin, into which water to be tested is supplied. A light source and a television camera are arranged in such a manner that images of the fish are taken by the camera as a silhouette. From the thus obtained fish images, the frequency distribution of the gravity centers of the fish images in the direction of the depth of water are obtained. The abnormality of the behavior of the fish is detected by comparison of the obtained frequency distribution with a reference distribution provided in advance.

Abstract: In a microfilm reader-printer working according to the rotational principle one of the fixed deflecting mirrors (11, 12) by which the image is to be projected on an exposure area (13) is made and arranged in a flexible manner. A deflecting device (14) formed by a magnet coil (15) and a pusher rod (16) is continually bending one of the deflecting mirrors (11, 12) during the exposure of the base material in such a way that an image is produced that is free from distortions.

Abstract: A microscope objective lens system comprising a plurality of lenses, at least one of the lenses being a graded refractive index lens (GRIN lens) whose refractive index varies as the radial distance from the optical axis varies, which is simpler in construction and in which aberrations are corrected sufficiently to a wide range of NA.

Abstract: An optical low-pass filter for use in the optical system of a color video camera has first and second periodic structures on the same or opposed major surfaces of a transparent substrate and which are dimensioned and arranged in respect to each other to provide a modulation transfer function, in at least the horizontal scanning direction of the camera, which is higher than a predetermined value for frequencies in a range lower than a cut-off spatial frequency and which is low over a range of frequencies extending from the cut-off spatial frequency to substantially more than twice said cut-off spatial frequency.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel cover is provided with a reflection-type hologram assembly having multiple exposure images therein. The sun or an artificial light source illuminates the hologram assembly as it rotates as a result of the vehicle moving. The exposure images are successively reconstructed to produce a single image that may be remotely positioned from and stationary relative to the rotating wheel cover.

Abstract: Unique circuit location sensing apparatus for component placement robots (100) utilizes a high-resolution optical reflective sensor (110) for detecting the location of selected circuit runners (300, 301) on a printed circuit board (350). The sensor (110) is mounted to the robot arm (106) and coupled by A/D converting circuitry (104) to the robot computer (102). The robot computer (102) positions sensor (110) over a selected runner (300, 301) and steps sensor (110) across the selected runner (300, 301), storing the digitized sensor output for each step. The robot computer (102) processes the digitized sensor outputs to determine the actual location of the selected runner (300, 301) and then calculates location offsets for the component placement program to be subsequently run on the robot computer (102). As a result, variations in actual location of circuitry on different printed circuit boards (350) are automatically compensated for and components are more accurately placed thereon.

Abstract: Light from a scanning device is directed onto a row of inclined strip mirrors 11a, 11b, 11c which are arranged one behind the other and laterally displaced relative to each other at an angle of 45.degree. to the incident light beam 16". The strip mirrors form the incident light into a number of light curtains 13a, 13b, 13c corresponding to the number of mirrors, with the individual light curtains being laterally displaced in the same way as the strip mirrors. The individual light curtains then fall onto a corresponding number of deflecting mirrors 12a, 12b, 12c which are set at an angle of 45.degree. to the incident light curtains. The deflecting mirrors thus deflect the light curtains through an angle 90.degree. and indeed into the same plane so that the undesired lateral displacement is cancelled and a broad light curtain is achieved which extends in a single plane.

Abstract: There is disclosed a thin plate optical element of the Fresnel type having refracting and magnifying properties. One face of the thin plate element is formed with a plurality of straight line, parallel and evenly spaced triangular prisms and the opposite face of the element has a plurality of coaxial, arcuate prisms of varied face angles in a progressive order of decreasing face angles extending outwardly from the center of the optical element. The arcuate prisms can be a single, continuous helical prism with a continuously variable and decreasing face angle along its length from the center of the element or, preferably, can be a plurality of concentric circular prisms of incrementally increasing diameter and decreasing face angles. One face of the optical element thus functions as a magnification lens while the other face of the optical element functions to refract the stereoscopic images the necessary degree for fusing of these images into a single three dimensional illusion.

Abstract: A surgical microscope arranging, so as to be insertable into and removable from an illuminating optical path for observation, a semi-transparent mirror capable of introducing illuminating light for photographing in a coaxial relation into illuminating light for observation or a totally reflecting mirror having such size as not to entirely interrupt the illuminating light for observation, in order to make it possible that compact size and low cost are attained, the amounts of illuminating light for observation and photographing are sufficiently secured, both the illuminating light are conducted along a common optical axis, and the illuminating light for observation is not interrupted even for a moment in photographing.

Abstract: Random logic circuitry (210) is laid out in a logic array (212) that has a plurality of row and column locations. The logic circuitry (210) implements a plurality of dynamic logic circuits, each logic circuit having a plurality of logic gate field effect transistors (224) each formed at a selected intersection of one of the row locations and one of the column locations. Elongate gate conductors (e.g., G, H, I) are formed at selected row locations in the logic array (212), each gate conductor provided as a gate for one or more of the logic gate transistors (224). A plurality of elongate second conductors (222) connect to selected ones of the sources or drains of the transistors (224) and to non-Boolean portions of the dynamic logic circuits. The non-Boolean portions are formed in an adjacent tile section (214) in the semi-conductor layer separate from the logic array (212).

Abstract: The invention is a method of making a cosmetic contact lens that changes the apparent color of the eye. This is accomplished by the following steps. The convex lens surface is expanded and distorted by a swelling agent. The swelling agent increases the pore size allowing the precipitating solution to move deeper into the convex lens surface. The precipitating solution is reacted to form an insoluble light reflecting iris pattern layer. The iris area of the convex lens surface is dyed the desired transparent color. When the lens is placed on the eye, the opaque light reflecting layer is viewed through the transparent dyed surface layer changing the apparent color of the eye.

Abstract: An optical filter used for a color image reader in order to adjust each amount of red, green and blue rays into constant ratio and to cutoff the rays of the near infrared radiation, the optical filter having a heat absorbing optical glass substrate and first and second interference films formed on the opposite sides of the substrates. The first interference film has three to eleven layers wherein a first layer immediately adjacent to the substrate has an optical thickness of .lambda./4 or .lambda./8 and a last layer farthest from the substrate has an optical thickness of .lambda./8, and said second interference film has thirteen to twenty-three layers wherein each of a first layer, second layer and third layer formed closest to the substrate in this order has an optical thickness greater than .lambda./4 and a last layer farthest from the substrate has an optical thickness of .lambda./8.

Abstract: The invention is a method of making a colored cosmetic lens that will change the color of a dark colored eye to a light color. This is achieved by masking the area which are not to be colored, the pupil and periphery beyond the iris. A solution containing a contact lens dye, an expanding or swelling agent and a precipitating agent is prepared. The water soluble precipitating agent is capable of forming an insoluble precipitant when properly reacted. The lens and mask fixture are immersed in the three part solution allowing the solution to swell and enter the surface of the lens iris area. The dye and precipitating agent enter the expanded lens iris area. The lens and mask fixture are transferred from the first three part solution to the second reaction precipitating solution. A colored insoluble precipitant is formed in the lens iris area. The lens is removed from the mask fixture and washed to remove all unreacted materials.

Abstract: Wire-bonding of a semiconductor device designed in accordance with the CAD system is implemented on the basis of bonding data obtained by making use of the design data in the CAD system For the design data in the CAD system, coordinate data of the bonding pads and the lead frames and wiring information therebetween are used. Since ordinarily the coordinate system in the CAD system and the coordinate system in the wire-bonding apparatus are not equal to each other, coordinate transformation is applied to the bonding data obtained from the CAD system. The data thus transformed is delivered to the bonding unit. Since there is employed a scheme to utilize the design data in the CAD system, the necessity of inputting bonding data by an operator is eliminated, thus making it possible to carry out bonding work free from an error in a short time.