Abstract: A method of fabricating an integrated circuit using photolithography and an antireflective coating. An antireflective coating is formed on a substrate wherein the antireflective coating is electrically polarizable. A photoresist coating is formed on the antireflective coating on a side opposite from the substrate and the photoresist is exposed to activating radiation. The antireflective coating is subjected to an applied electric field at substantially the same time as the photoresist is exposed to activating radiation. The radiation absorption coefficient of said antireflective coating is increased and the refractive index of said antireflective coating is changed to be substantially equal to the refractive index of said photoresist coating.

Abstract: The present invention provides a video-signal playback apparatus that allows the user to carry out cue and review operations by pressing only one operation button (a skip button) and to set the length of a review time at a value desired by the user. While watching a program in a normal playback state, the user can press the skip button once in order to put the VCR in a skip-cue state. As a point of interest has been reached, the skip button is pressed for the second time to make the VCR transit from the skip-cue state to a skip-review state. After the review operation has been carried out for a predetermined period of time, the VCR gets in a normal playback state automatically. If the skip button is pressed for the second time continuously instead of momentarily, the review operation is continued as long as the skip button is being pressed. As the skip button is released, the review operation is discontinued, putting back the VCR in a normal playback state.

Abstract: A playback device 10 generates a PN code with a start timing based on a video sync signal, and generates a pseudo random noise (PN) inverse code which has a reverse polarity to that of the PN code with a timing based on the video sync signal. An anti-duplication control signal is spectrally spread using this PN code, superimposed on the video signal and supplied to a recording device. A PN inverse code which is the same as the PN inverse code used in the playback device is also generated in the recording device based on the video sync signal, and reverse spectral spread is performed using this PN inverse code.