Abstract: Solutions of sulfuric acid having a polyamide, such as gelatin, dissolved therein are less corrosive than polyamide-free solutions of sulfuric acid of equal sulfuric acid concentration, while retaining essentially all of the acidity. The polyamide-safened sulfuric acid solutions of the invention are useful in place of sulfuric acid solutions for many purposes, e.g., as cleaners and herbicides, and for the treatment of cellulosic materials.

Abstract: Surface modification of a variety of pigments, particularly quinacridone pigments, and the pigments resulting therefrom whereby the pigment is treated with a poly(vinyl lower alkyl ether) and, optionally, with a dispersion-improving derivative of the primary pigment resulting in compositions exhibiting enhanced performance in automotive and other finish systems. The surface treatment also improves flow properties of the pigment in the aqueous phase of processing leading to higher solids content for direct application in waterborne systems.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for doctoring (cutting) the solids off a precoat filter. A stationary doctor blade continuously doctors mud (from a mud bath) from the surface of a rotating porous surface vacuum drum. A traveling doctor blade, located upstream of the stationary doctor blade, moves back and forth along the drum. The stationary blade extends the width of the rotating vacuum drum while the traveling blade is shorter and is also located nearer to the drum surface.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a base oil and middle distillate which is stable to oxidation and low temperature from a mineral oil fraction having a boiling range above 350.degree. C., by, in a first step, converting the mineral oil fraction on a hydrocracking catalyst under hydrocracking conditions to an extent of from 20 to 80% by weight into fractions which boil below 360.degree. C., separating the reactor effluent, if necessary, into liquid and gas phases in a high-pressure separator, treating the entire reactor effluent or only the liquid phase, directly or after removal of the fractions boiling below 360.degree. C. by distillation, in a second step with hydrogen at from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition which comprises a zirconium salt of at least one organic carboxylic acid and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal perborate. The compositions are useful in promoting the drying of ink compositions and particularly in printing inks used in the lithographic printing process.

Abstract: A spent metal contaminated zeolite-containing catalytic cracking catalyst composition is reactivated by a process which comprises contacting with an aqueous solution of at least one carboxylic acid (preferably at least one of formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid and lactic acid). The thus reactivated catalyst composition can be employed in a catalytic cracking process.

Abstract: A process of preparing indigestible heteropolysaccharides which features dissolving starch decomposition products and at least one kind out of monosaccharides excluding glucose, homo-oligosaccharides excluding gluco-oligosaccharides, and hetero-oligosaccharides into water and to which an inorganic acid was added, then powdering and heating the powder in an anhydrous condition thereof.

Abstract: Process for producing gasoline components from a hydrocarbonaceous feed containing hydrocarbons comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, and hydrocarbons obtained thereby. The process comprises:a. separating feed into a heavy fraction containing hydrocarbons comprising at least 7 carbon atoms and a light fraction containing hydrocarbons comprising at most 7 carbon atoms,b. isomerizing at least part of the light fraction at a temperature between 50.degree. and 300.degree. C.,c. separating effluent of step b) into a stream containing branched hydrocarbons and a stream containing normal hydrocarbons, andd. isomerizing at least part of the stream containing normal hydrocarbons at a temperature which is higher than the temperature applied in step b).

Abstract: A catalytic hydrocracking process which minimizes the fouling of the process unit with 11.sup.+ ring heavy polynuclear aromatic compounds by means of partially condensing the hydrocarbon effluent from the hydrocracking zone to produce an unconverted hydrocarbon stream comprising trace quantities of 11.sup.+ ring heavy polynuclear aromatic compounds and contacting the unconverted hydrocarbon stream with an adsorbent which selectively retains the 11.sup.+ ring heavy polynuclear aromatic compounds before the unconverted hydrocarbon stream is recycled to the hydrocracking zone.

Abstract: The present invention is a catalytic hydrocracking process which minimizes the fouling of the process unit with 11.sup.+ ring heavy polynuclear aromatic compounds by means of hydrogenating and converting at least a portion or slipstream of the hydrocarbon effluent from the hydrocracking zone containing trace quantities of 11.sup.+ ring heavy polynuclear aromatic compounds in a 11.sup.+ ring heavy polynuclear aromatic compound conversion zone containing a hydrogenation catalyst having a hydrogenation component at hydrogenation conditions to selectively reduce the concentration of 11.sup.+ ring heavy polynuclear aromatic compounds before the hydrocracking zone effluent is cooled below about 400.degree. F. At least a portion of the effluent from the 11.sup.+ ring heavy polynuclear aromatic compound conversion zone is cooled and separated to produce at least a portion of the unconverted recycle stream.

Abstract: From an ore containing gold and silver, the gold and silver are extracted by a method which comprises pulverizing the ore and bringing the pulverized ore into contact with an elemental halogen, a halogenated salt, and an organic solvent thereby converting the gold and silver into polyhalogeno anionic complexes and consequently dissolving them in the organic solvent.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sequential launching a plurality of pipeline pigs in serial manner into a gas transmission pipeline. The pig launching system incorporates a tubular magazine for receiving a plurality of pigs and having a free piston movably disposed therein. A source of hydraulic fluid medium is provided and is injected into the magazine behind the free piston for movement of the free piston and the pigs for pig launching. A gas energized liquid pump is operated by gas pressure from the gas transmission pipeline under the control of a timer operated gas supply valve for selective introduction of hydraulic fluid medium into the magazine. A control panel incorporating control circuitry is programmable to achieve timed launching of the pigs into the pipeline and shuts down the pig launching mechanism after each pig has been launched. The control circuitry is also capable of rendering an alarm signal if pig launching is not achieved within a predetermined time period.

Abstract: Phosphorus derivatives of polyalkenylsuccinimides and methods of use of such derivatives as antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oil, during processing at elevated temperatures are disclosed. The derivatives are formed via reaction of a polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate with formaldehyde and a phosphorus compound having at least one acidic hydrogen P--H bond. The intermediate is first formed via reaction of polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride and polyamine.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for steam cracking hydrocarbons in a furnace (10) having rectilinear single-pass tubes (12) which are interconnected at their outlet ends by a manifold (18) within which the steam cracking effluents are subjected to limited pre-quenching by injection of a cooler gaseous medium, with the effluents then being conveyed to quenching means (22). The invention serves in particular to increase the yield of hydrocarbon steam cracking installations.

Abstract: A method is provided for improving thickeners used in aqueous system. The improvement is directed to the elimination of organic cosolvents which are conventionally added to aqueous solutions of certain hydrophobic thickeners. This method involves the reversible complexation of cyclodextrin compounds with hydrophobic moieties on the thickener molecule to suppress the viscosity of the aqueous solution containing the thickener so that such the solution can be easily handled. This is followed by decomplexing the cyclodextrin from the thickener to permit the thickener to perform its intended function.

Abstract: A degreasing and cleaning method for removing oils from an object includes the steps of heating an object deposited with oils in a container, jetting a cleaning liquid which is mainly water or steam into the container and subsequently evacuating the container to reduce the pressure in the inside of the container to thereby evaporate the deposited oils to remove them from the object. The degreasing and cleaning method can be conducted by an apparatus which includes a vacuum container having a heating means for heating an object deposited with oils, a jetting means for jetting the cleaning liquid into the vacuum container and an exhausting means for exhausting evaporated ingredients formed by steam distillation in the vacuum container therefrom.

Abstract: A reforming process using a Supported Group VIII noble metal reforming catalyst which has been pretreated with an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon at elevated temperatures, thereby lowering activity during initial reforming operations and reducing gas production during the initial operation.

Abstract: Method is described for the low temperature preparation of the spinel LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 phase which is an intercalable compound of interest for use in lithium secondary batteries. This phase can be prepared in bulk or thick film form at temperatures less than 400.degree. C. using acetate precursors.

Abstract: Process for reducing the metal content of a hydrocarbon feed mixture by reverse osmosis, comprising contacting the feed mixture substantially boiling in the range between about 100.degree. and about 350.degree. C. and containing at most about 1000 parts per billion by weight (ppbw) of metal(s) with a metal-selective membrane to give a hydrocarbon permeate stream having a metal content which is less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process provided for cleaning magnesium thoriated scrap turnings resulting from machining operations. It results in the recovery of a maximum possible amount of magnesium thorium alloy for future use while ensuring protection of the environment. The process reduces to a minimum the amount of the hazardous waste which must otherwise be buried at great expense and with continuing legal liability to the burying party. A batch of the magnesium thoriated scrap turnings is rapidly flooded, then washed, with a solution of heated water and detergent. Thereupon, the water, detergent and impurities are removed from the scrap turnings, and the batch dried. Thereafter, ferrous material present in the washed batch of magnesium thoriated scrap turnings is separated from non-ferrous material and the latter is classified into processed turnings and fines. The processed turnings, fines and the ferrous material are then separately packaged.