Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for cooling exhaust gases includes an inlet operatively connected to an exhaust port from a diesel engine or the like, and a housing defining a substantially enclosed volume. At least a portion of the volume is larger in cross-section than the inlet in cross-section, such that the exhaust gases expand upon entering the housing from the inlet. At least one outlet larger in collective cross-section than the inlet in cross-section is disposed on the housing and configured to expel the exhaust gases from the housing into the atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention provides an exhaust cooler mounted to a tailpipe for receiving exhaust gas. The exhaust cooler includes a jet pump connectable to the tailpipe and a nozzle connectable to the tailpipe. The nozzle defines a nozzle opening between the tailpipe and the jet pump for communicating the exhaust gas from the tailpipe to the jet pump. A first member is included that is moveable between a closed position and an open position, the open position defining a first opening between the tailpipe and the jet pump for communicating the exhaust gas from the tailpipe to the jet pump.

Abstract: A method and system for improving the performance of diesel particulate filters. Before entering the filter, the exhaust gas is subjected to sonic waves to agglomerate the particles.

Abstract: When a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst is being regenerated, the regeneration may be terminated for example as a result of a premature load change in the engine, which can lead to incomplete emptying of the storage catalyst. The residual filling level which remains in the catalyst following an incomplete regeneration of this nature is used as the starting value for calculation of the filling level during the next storage phase. After incomplete regeneration, the nitrogen oxide conversion rate is initially greater than would be expected, on account of the residual filling level. By taking this increased conversion rate into account when calculating the filling level during the storage phase, it is possible to further improve the accuracy of the calculation.

Abstract: A degradation estimating apparatus for an unburned fuel component adsorption catalyst, which is connected with an internal combustion engine and has an unburned fuel component adsorbent and an oxygen storage component is provided. The apparatus includes a degradation estimating unit for making estimation for a degradation of the unburned fuel component adsorption catalyst on the basis of a first term and a second term. The first term is from the cancellation of the fuel supply to detecting a variation of an upstream side air-fuel ratio occurring due to the increase of the reductant quantity in the exhaust gas. The second term is from the cancellation of the fuel supply to detecting of a variation of the downstream side air-fuel ratio due to an increase of the reductant quantity.

Abstract: A high-pressure metering pump for providing reductant in a single fluid engine exhaust dosing system having a solenoid for actuating a piston slidably received within an inner bore of a valve housing of the pump, the inner bore having a pressure chamber with an inlet check valve and an outlet check valve; and wherein movement of the piston causes high pressure reductant to be received at an atomizer of the system, the atomizer being disposed in a location to cause a maximum reduction of undesirable pollutant in the combustion gases of an engine.

Abstract: An exhaust purification device is provided to selectively perform a combustion purge control and an exhaust addition purge control in response to an operation state of the internal combustion engine. The combustion purge control process is performed in the case where a NOx occlusion amount of a NOx catalyst is larger than or equal to a first threshold value, and the exhaust addition purge control process is performed in the case where the NOx occlusion amount of the NOx catalyst is larger than or equal to a second threshold value which is larger than the first threshold value.

Abstract: An exhaust emission control device includes a plurality of devices for removing particulates accumulated in a particulate filter. A temperature increasing device increases a temperature of the particulate filter. A temperature estimator estimates the temperature of the particulate filter. A particulate accumulation quantity estimator estimates a quantity of accumulated particulates. A temperature increase quantity controller controls a temperature increase to an output of the temperature estimator when the quantity of accumulated particulates exceeds a predetermined value. A time ratio processor computes a time ratio between performance and interruption of a temperature increasing operation. A base period processor computes a base period such that the base period varies from time to time. A switching device switches between performance and interruption of the temperature increasing operation based on the time ratio and the period that becomes the base.

Abstract: A porous member is disposed within the exhaust stream of a marine engine at a location where its temperature approximates the temperature of the exhaust stream through normal use of the engine. Exhaust gas flows freely through the non-catalytic porous member, but water passing in a reverse direction through the exhaust system is vaporized as it attempts to flow through the non-catalytic porous member.

Abstract: A regeneration controller for an exhaust purification apparatus (36, 38) of an engine (2) that appropriately burns particulate matter accumulated in the exhaust purification apparatus. The regeneration controller includes an ECU (70) that determines whether an estimated accumulation amount (PMsm) of particulate matter deviates from an actual accumulation amount. When the estimated accumulation amount is less than or equal to a maximum value (BUpm) and an exhaust pressure difference (&Dgr;P/GA) is greater than a replacement reference value (Dp), the ECU replaces the estimated accumulation amount with a greater replacement amount (UPpm). This causes the estimated accumulation amount to approach or to be the same as the actual accumulation amount.

Abstract: A mechanical apparatus including a combustion engine, a conduit for transporting an exhaust stream away from the engine, a first catalytic NOx storage and conversion region disposed along the conduit, and a second catalytic NOx storage and conversion region disposed along the conduit at a location downstream from the first catalytic NOx storage and conversion region is disclosed. Each of the first catalytic NOx storage and conversion region and the second catalytic NOx storage and conversion region includes at least one catalytic metal configured to convert NOx to NO2 when the engine is supplied a lean air/fuel mixture, and at least one NOx adsorbing compound configured to adsorb NO2 for storage when the engine is supplied a lean air/fuel mixture, and wherein the one of the first and the second catalytic NOx storage and conversion regions has a lower concentration of catalytic metal than the other of the first and second catalytic NOx storage and conversion regions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, with an exhaust line in which an oxidation catalyst is provided for treatment of the exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engine. To be able to heat the oxidation catalyst more rapidly in a cold start of the internal combustion engine, a pre-oxidation unit may be provided in the exhaust line upstream from the oxidation catalyst and connected to a secondary fuel supply and adapted so that it partially oxidizes the secondary fuel supplied in combination with an oxidizer in a catalyst heating operation and the partially oxidized intermediate products are supplied to the oxidation catalyst for complete oxidation.

Abstract: An exhaust emission control system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The exhaust emission control system has a first passageway and a second passageway disposed to receive exhaust in parallel. The exhaust emission control system also has a valve arrangement configured to regulate the flow of exhaust to the first and second passageways, and at least one sensor configured to sense a parameter indicative of a constituent of the exhaust. The at least one sensor generates a signal corresponding to the sensed parameter. The exhaust emission control system also has a controller in communication with the valve and the at least one sensor. The controller is configured to affect operation of the valve in response to the signal.

Abstract: Desulfation methods for an exhaust treatment system having a fuel reformer configured upstream of a LNT. Reductant is injected upstream of the fuel reformer. The reductant reacts within the reformer to generate heat, but the system is configured for some reductant to breakthrough and react in the LNT to generate further heat. This configuration allows the LNT to operate at temperatures higher the than first device and facilitates independent control of the LNT and first device temperatures. An outer loop controls the LNT temperature by issuing instructions to an inner loop that controls the reformer. Typically, the inner loop will pulse the reductant injection rate in order to limit the reformer temperature. The outer loop can pulses the loop on a longer time scale, resulting in two pulse periods. Through timing, a reformate peak from one period is made to overlap a temperature peak from a previous period.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold connected to exhaust ports of at least three straightly-arranged cylinders of an internal combustion engine is constructed by a primary exhaust pipe which extends from the foremost cylinder of the cylinders in the rearward direction of the engine along the direction of the straight arrangement of the cylinders and a plurality of secondary exhaust pipes which extend from the other cylinders except for the foremost cylinder to the primary exhaust pipe. The secondary exhaust pipes are collected to the primary exhaust pipe so that downstream end portions of the secondary exhaust pipes are wound into the center axis of the primary exhaust pipe at a plurality of points on the center axis, respectively.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating an internal combustion engine in whose exhaust-gas region an exhaust-gas treatment device is situated, and in which a reagent is introduced into the exhaust-gas region of the internal combustion engine. in addition, a device is provided for implementing the method. The reagent pressure occurring between a reagent safety valve and a reagent dosing valve, disposed directly in the exhaust-gas region is recorded during different states of the reagent safety valve and/or the reagent dosing valve and compared to at least one threshold value. If the threshold is exceeded, a fault signal is provided. This may offer high safety which may be of particular importance when fuel is used as reagent.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, including fuel cut state detection means for detecting the state of fuel cut in which the feed of fuel into the internal combustion engine is stopped, and catalyst deterioration decision means for deciding the deterioration of a catalyst on the basis of a period which is expended since the detection of the release of the state of the fuel cut by the fuel cut state detection means, until the output value of a second air-fuel ratio sensor agrees with a predetermined reset decision value near a target value, and the manipulation quantity of an average air-fuel ratio on the upstream side of the catalyst as is based on second air-fuel ratio feedback control means. Thus, the deterioration of the catalyst can be decided at a high precision.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine includes operating the engine in a first combustion mode. The method also includes switching operation of the engine to a second combustion mode. The method includes directing an exhaust stream of the engine into contact with a NOx adsorber substantially only during the operation in the second combustion mode.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are disclosed for carrying out combustion in a fuel-cut operation in some or all of the engine cylinders of a vehicle. Further, various subsystems are considered, such as fuel vapor purging, air-fuel ratio control, engine torque control, catalyst design, and exhaust system design.

Abstract: A vehicle exhaust aftertreatment system for controlling emissions from an engine includes, in serial order: an exhaust outlet from the engine, an exhaust catalyst assembly that is in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet and includes a first NOx component coupled with a downstream oxidation catalyst, and a second NOx adsorber that is downstream from and in fluid communication with the oxidation catalyst of the exhaust catalyst assembly.