Abstract: A cooking appliance may include an oven cavity having a cavity top, a cavity back, and cavity side walls, an interior side wall extending parallel to each of the cavity side walls defining a passage therebetween, and a plurality of side rails extending along the interior side walls, the rails being rotatable between a rest position in which no oven rack is installed and airflow is blocked, and an active position in which the oven rack is installed and airflow is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nut welding automation system configured to automatically weld different types of nuts to holes formed in a metal-processed product using a robot. The system may reduce an error rate with respect to products by preventing omission of a nut or welding of a wrong type nut so that reliability in administration of the welding process may be secured and overall productivity may be improved.

Abstract: A detector is configured to detect an output of a reflected beam from an exit end surface of a parallel plate. A determination unit is configured to determine that an abnormality occurs in the parallel plate when a detection value of the detector is smaller than a determination threshold.

Abstract: A milk frother/heater for a milk supply circuit in a beverage vending machine has a hollow body and integrally has a first appendage defining a milk inlet to receive smooth milk or a milk-air mixture, a second appendage defining a steam inlet to receive steam, and a third appendage defining a milk outlet to deliver milk. The body internally defines a mixing chamber, and the milk inlet, the steam inlet and the milk outlet internally define a milk inlet passage, a steam inlet passage, and a milk outlet passage, respectively, fluidly communicating with the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber has an axis extending from a first closed axial end to a second axial end where the steam inlet passage and the milk outlet passage converge. The milk inlet passage converges at the second axial end or merges with the steam inlet passage upstream from the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steam-type air fryer, including: an air outlet structure, including a body shell, the body shell is provided therein with a cooking cavity, a steam generator in the body shell generates hot steam which is introduced into the cooking cavity, the cooking cavity is provided with an air outlet hole for discharging residual steam, a cold wind passage into which external cold air enters is formed between the cooking cavity and the body shell; and a water inlet structure, including an air fryer main body, an upper end of the air fryer main body is provided with a water tank seat, the water tank seat is detachably provided with a water tank, wherein the water tank is provided therein with a water outlet seat extending upward, the water tank seat is provided with a water outlet pipe corresponding to the water outlet seat.

Abstract: A milk frother (1) including a container having a chamber (2) for containing milk, a mixing chamber (3) equipped with an external dispenser (4) for dispensing the milk, a connecting channel (5) for connection between the containment chamber (2) and the mixing chamber (3), a transfer impeller (6) for transferring the milk from the containment chamber (2) to the mixing chamber, a mixing impeller (8) provided in the mixing chamber (3), and disconnectable connector (9) for connecting the transfer impeller (6) and the mixing impeller (8).

Abstract: A panel (105) is provided for utilizing solar energy, especially in the form of panels designed as roof tiles (101), wherein the heat is transferred from panel to fluid or vice versa. On this panel one or more solar cell panels (107) can be provided so that it is cooled effectively during operation, while heat energy simultaneously may be utilized. Panels, for example designed as roof tiles, individually or assembled, are mounted on roofing battens (110) suitable for the purpose, and connected to electrical connection points and bushings for fluid transport. The roofing battens (110) are mounted on furring ring strips (112) in the usual way. Some furring strips are used for connection of electrical conductors in the flooring battens (112) and any fluid circuits in the flooring battens (110). The construction facilitates installing and maintenance.

Abstract: Disclosed are a solar cell apparatus and a method of fabricating the same. The solar cell apparatus includes a substrate, a back electrode layer on the substrate, a light absorbing layer on the back electrode layer, a first window layer including a first oxide on the light absorbing layer, and a second window layer provided on the first window layer and including a second oxide having a composition ratio of oxygen higher than a composition ratio of oxygen contained in the first oxide.

Abstract: A solar energy collection device includes a solar converting station housing having a concentrator for aiding in focusing the energy onto a photovoltaic material. The photovoltaic material is applied to a series of cylindrically shaped power cells. A series of the power cells are rotationally assembled to the solar energy collection device. The power cells rotate about the cell axles, providing a cooling process for the photovoltaic material. The rotation can be provided via any number of means. The series of the power cells can be built in a removable assembly, providing a power pack for the end user.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a photoelectric conversion apparatus. The photoelectric conversion apparatus includes a carbon nanotube layer, a first thermoelectric conversion layer, a second thermoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode and a second electrode. The carbon nanotube layer includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes. An areal density of the carbon nanotube layer is in a range from about 0.16 g/m2 to about 0.32 g/m2.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device cell comprising a first light transmissive electrical contact, an active region, a second light transmissive electrical contact, and a layered structure enclosing the active region, the layered structure being formed of two parts, a first part underlying the first light transmissive electrical contact and a second part overlying the second electrical contact and wherein the constants of the layers in these layered structures are interdependent such that light is localized within the active region.

Abstract: An solar cell is provided comprising a photoelectric conversion layer formed on a substrate formed of a semiconductor material, and a first finger electrode formed of printed conductive paste to a main surface side of the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein an average of standard deviations of heights of uneveness on a surface of the first finger electrode is 5.0 ?m or less. The first finger electrode may be formed on a back surface side of the solar cell opposite to a light-receiving surface side. The substrate may be a crystalline silicon substrate. The photoelectric conversion layer may comprise the crystalline silicon substrate, an amorphous silicon layer formed on the substrate, and a transparent conductive oxide film formed on the amorphous silicon layer. The first finger electrode may be provided on the transparent conductive oxide film.

Abstract: A combined window frame and solar-powered electricity generating device for supplying power to an existing in-house appliance includes a combined window frame and solar-powered electricity generating device including a window frame, and a solar-powered electricity generating device removably coupled to the window frame in such a manner that the solar-powered electricity generating device is accessible from an interior side of the window frame. Advantageously, upon receiving a user input, the solar-powered electricity generating device cooperates with the window frame thereby generating and transmitting power to an existing in-house appliance.

Abstract: A solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment includes a substrate including a top surface and a bottom surface which are opposite to each other; a back electrode layer on the top surface of the substrate; a light absorbing layer on the back electrode layer; a front electrode layer on the light absorbing layer; a connecting member on the bottom surface of the substrate; and a bus bar connected to the connecting member, wherein the bus bar comprises: an electrode contact portion making contact with the back electrode layer; and a substrate contact portion making contact with the substrate.

Abstract: A photovoltaic power generation system that includes a solar panel is described herein. The solar panel includes a photovoltaic sub-module, which includes a group of microsystem enabled photovoltaic cells. The group includes a first string of photovoltaic cells, a second string of photovoltaic cells, and a differing photovoltaic cell. Photovoltaic cells in the first string are electrically connected in series, and photovoltaic cells in the second string are electrically connected in series. Further, the first string of photovoltaic cells, the second string of photovoltaic cells, and the differing photovoltaic cell are electrically connected in parallel. Moreover, the differing photovoltaic cell is used as a bypass diode for the first string of photovoltaic cells and the second string of photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a foldable array of three-dimensional panels, which may include one or more functional electrical components. For instance, the three-dimensional multi-panel array may be reconfigured from a substantially planar configuration into a three-dimensional configuration.

Abstract: In various embodiments, optoelectronic devices are described herein. The optoelectronic device may include an optoelectronic cell arranged so as to wrap around a central axis wherein the cell includes a first conductive layer, a semi-conductive layer disposed over and in electrical communication with the first conductive layer, and a second conductive layer disposed over and in electrical communication with the semi-conductive layer. In various embodiments, methods for making optoelectronic devices are described herein. The methods may include forming an optoelectronic cell while flat and wrapping the optoelectronic cell around a central axis. The optoelectronic devices may be photovoltaic devices. Alternatively, the optoelectronic devices may be organic light emitting diodes.

Abstract: Provided are novel building integrable photovoltaic (BIP) modules having specially configured attachment structures for securing these modules to building structures and other BIP modules. In certain embodiments, a BIP module includes a base sheet supporting photovoltaic cells and having a rigid polymer portion and a flexible polymer portion. The flexible portion is designed to be penetrated with mechanical fasteners during installation. The flexible portion may include fastening pointers and/or through holes for identifying specific penetration locations. The rigid portion provides necessary structural rigidity and support to the module and more specifically to the photovoltaic cells. In certain other embodiments, a BIP module includes an adhesive bumper strip disposed along one edge of the module and configured for secure this module with respect to another module. During installation, the strip is positioned between a back sealing sheet of one module and a front sealing sheet of another module.

Abstract: A masonry unit including a photovoltaic cell for generation of electricity is described herein. More particularly a photovoltaic-clad concrete block that combines the structural attributes of concrete block (or other masonry unit) and the energy production of solar photovoltaics is described herein. Methods for manufacturing, installing, and electrically connecting such photovoltaic-clad concrete blocks are also described herein.

Abstract: Disclosed are a solar cell and a method of fabricating the same. The solar cell includes a molybdenum layer on a support substrate; an ohmic layer on the molybdenum layer; a light absorbing layer on the ohmic layer; and a front electrode layer on the light absorbing layer, wherein the ohmic layer comprises a first ohmic layer and a second ohmic layer having crystal structures different from each other.