Abstract: A swaging apparatus for expanding a tube disposed within a tube sheet to form a leak-proof joint, the apparatus including a mandrel body for insertion in the tube. The body defines a pair of oppositely directed ramps. A pair of seal members that define the ends of an annular volume within which pressurized hydraulic fluid flows between the mandrel and the tube are movable axially along the ramps, the seals preferably being of the O-ring type. When the mandrel is being inserted, the seals are disposed at the smaller ends of the ramps so as to minimize frictional resistance to the insertion. The seal that is inserted first will tend to move, under frictional forces, to the small end of the ramp, being returned to the large end by the force of the hydraulic fluid during a subsequent swaging operation. The other seal member, however, is urged toward the small end of the corresponding ramp by a spring that is overcome by hydraulic forces once the swaging begins.

Abstract: Extruded, drawn and coiled copper tubing with wall thickness of 0.7 to 2 mm is soft annealed, straightened and jacketed in an extruder with a blend of polyvinyl chloride, chalk, a plasticizer and other additives for lubrication and stabilization. The jacket has inwardly extending ribs defining channels inbetween to enhance heat insulation.

Abstract: To fill up the ring-shaped gaps between the tubes and fins of a tube and fin type heat exchanger with a corrosion protective hardenable filler, a unit made up of two closing pieces with filler material between them is pushed by means of the tube to be inserted in the stacked fins through the space formed by the collars of the openings in the fins which are stacked together for assembly into a heat exchanger. On passing this unit through the stacked fins the ring-shaped gaps are filled up with the filler material. The remaining thin film on the collars is also forced into the ring-shaped gaps when the tubes are subsequently expanded.A device for carrying out the process comprises a sleeve with a mandrel which slides inside the sleeve and forms a seal with the sleeve and a piston which likewise slides in the sleeve and forms a seal therewith and which lies ahead of the mandrel forming a space which can be varied in size and which accommodates the filler material.

Abstract: The method of effecting an evacuated space above a quantity of vaporizable fluid contained in a conventional heat pipe. A quantity of vaporizable fluid 10 is admitted into the heat pipe 12 through an inlet assembly to displace residual air in the heat pipe for exhaust through vent 24. When the heat pipe is full of fluid, the inlet assembly including valve 16 and fitting 24 is removed and coupling 26 plugged. Pump 26 having a suction connection to the heat pipe is actuated, and fluid is withdrawn from the heat pipe through check valve 18 leaving an evacuated space to form above a predetermined quantity of vaporizable fluid. A cylindrical standpipe 38 above check valve 18 precludes the evacuation of vaporizable fluid from said heat pipe lower than the upper rim of said standpipe.

Abstract: A process for the production of objects consisting of at least two parts, such as the inner and outer rings of a bearing movable relative to one another. One part is substantially enclosed within the other part and at least one of the parts comprises at least two separate elements. These elements are placed against one another and held in the correct position in relation to the other part. Thereafter, a high energy beam welding means such as a laser or electron beam is set up over the juncture line between the two elements and operated while at least the two elements are moved bodily in order to move the juncture line past the energy beam and weld the pieces together. The process also includes the use of one or more loose members such as rolling elements which are introduced at the time the two elements of one part are assembled in the correct position in relation to the other part and thereafter the two elements of the one part are welded together.

Abstract: A method of making billets, whereby a composite billet is produced by continuous casting or rolling, which billet is star-shaped in cross section and has at least two ray members disposed symmetrically relative to the central longitudinal axis of the composite billet; the base of each star ray member of the composite billet at the place of its juncture with the central portion thereof is selected to be 0.72 to 2.3 of the ray member height, the other base being 0.5 to 1.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for manufacturing a heat exchanger element which comprises a metal tube secured to a metal sheet by metal which has been heated and cooled. Wrinkles in the sheet after the tube has been joined thereto are removed by stretching at least the tube by an amount sufficient to cause the length of the tube to be substantially equal to the length of the outboard edges of the tube. The sheet may also be stretched beyond its elastic limit at the time that the tube is stretched but should not be stretched more than 2.5%.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a plurality of heat transfer conduits is disclosed wherein an elongated metal pipe is evacuated, a predetermined quantity of heat transfer fluid is placed within such evacuated pipe and the pipe ends sealed airtight. The elongated sealed pipe is wound in a helical or serpentine configuration, the lower vertical portions of the so configured pipe are heated so that the liquid phase of the heat transfer fluid is evaporated and redistributed in an even manner in the lower vertical portions of successive convolutions of such pipe, and is then flattened, for example, at each of its upper vertical portions to form vacuum-tight seals between adjacent convolutions. A cutting procedure across each of the flattened upper portions (or selected ones of such flattened upper portions) enables a separation of the elongated sealed pipe into a plurality of heat transfer conduits without the necessity of a further evacuation procedure.

Abstract: A high performance heat pipe and the method for constructing it. A unique wick structure of sintered metal is formed directly into the heat pipe casing and contains simultaneously formed tunnels which permit the flow of large quantities of liquid with low pressure loss. A method of constructing a hybrid structure with heat pipe sections at both ends of a section used to transport the internal liquid and vapor over long distances is also included.

Abstract: A method for producing a cooled sputtering target assembly is described. The resultant target is also described. The material to be sputtered is provided in the form of powder which is hot isostatically pressed in a toroidal metallic container under conditions which promote compaction and bonding of the powder particles to form a fully dense material. The container is then partially removed from the target material except for a remnant around the outer surface. A cooling jacket is then fabricated and attached to the remnant of the container.

Abstract: A fibre bundle is first formed from loosely entangled fibres. A sheath is formed over the fibre bundle and one end is dipped into an urethane prepolymer to fill the spaces among fibres with the urethane prepolymer. After removal from the prepolymer it is left to stand for a period of time during which the constituents in the urethane prepolymer react to form polyurethane and generate carbon dioxide gas which forms many capillary passages for the transudation of ink. By grinding the dipped end a marking pen is obtained having a nib and an ink reservoir integral therewith.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing metallic strip which differs in composition across its width includes feeding a cutting tool continuously into the peripheral surface of a rotating workpiece comprising a plurality of cylindrical components of differing composition to produce a continuous strip peeled from the surface of the workpiece, and collecting the peeled strip by winding it under tension around a coiler.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing, for a paper machine or the like, a roll which has a grooved exterior surface. An elongated strip is wound onto the exterior cylindrical surface of an inner roll body, this strip being initially straight and being curved when wound onto the inner roll body so as to conform to the curvature of the exterior surface thereof while successive turns of the strip engage each other, this strip having an inner edge region engaging the exterior surface of the inner roll body and an outer edge region distant from the inner roll body and having a thickness less than the thickness of the remainder of the strip so that the turns of the strip define between themselves at the outer edge region of the strip an elongated helical groove. While the strip is wound onto the inner roll body, a longitudinal portion of the strip which is spaced outwardly from the exterior surface of the inner roll body is elongated for facilitating the curving of the strip as it is wound onto the inner roll body.

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a solar panel of different interior and exterior materials to utilize the structural and heat absorbing properties of the exterior material and the corrosion resistance of the interior material. The materials are intimately wedded along the entire length of the same by applying a fluid pressure internally against the interior material and simultaneously throughout the entire lengths of the same to displace the interior material into intimate contact with the exterior material. The fluid pressure is applied with a force which permanently deforms the interior material but which is within the elastic limit of the exterior material so that when the pressure is relieved, the exterior material contracts against the interior material causing it to deform inwardly due to compression. The resultant dimensional excursions of the interior material results in the work hardening of same.

Abstract: A heat exchanger in the form of a heat radiating or absorbing panel is disclosed, which consists of an aluminum panel having a copper tube secured thereto in heat exchange relationship. The panel has at least one pair of parallel, spaced, retainer legs which have angularly inwardly extending flanges. A copper tube of circular cross section is laid into the channel formed by said retainer legs, and is then squashed by means of a die into a generally oval cross section which will be confined within the retainer legs. While so confined, fluid under pressure may be introduced into the tube to expand it into intimate contact with the panel, the retainer legs and the flanges. The assembly may then be heated during the expanding step to a temperature somewhat above the expected operating temperature of the assembly, to prevent loosening of the intimate contact between the tube and panel, which have different coefficient of expansion. Provision may be made to cause flow through the tube to be turbulent or swirling.

Abstract: A mirror, and method of making same, is disclosed. The mirror includes a metallic base material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, an intermediate layer bonded to the base by a plasma spray process and a reflecting surface overlying the intermediate layer, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials of the intermediate layer and the reflecting surface differing from each other and from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the base material.

Abstract: A sinuous pattern of soft copper tubing is pressed against a laminated assembly consisting of a thin sheet of copper laminated to a layer of insulating foam which is in turn laminated to a backing plate of pressed wood. As the pressure is increased, the tubing deforms the copper sheet in conformity with the shape of the copper tubing. The foam resists deformation of the sheet in areas not directly beneath the copper tubing resulting in a well-defined trough adapted to receive the copper tubing which deforms it. The copper tubing and sheet are then bonded together resulting in a thermally efficient, inexpensively produced collector panel.

Abstract: A method of repairing or reinforcing a tubular plastic member is described. According to the method, a metal sleeve is applied to the plastic member under the action of heat. The sleeve is of a shape and size selected to closely fit and make surface-to-surface contact with the member at the region thereof to be repaired or reinforced. The sleeve is heated to a temperature sufficient to cause melting of the surface of the member where it contacts the metal sleeve. Subsequently, the plastic member and sleeve are abruptly cooled.

Abstract: There is provided a convector for heating rooms and a method for manufacturing same. This convector comprises a plastic tube wound to form a flat coil. The plastic used for the tube is preferably a cross-linked plastic, such as cross-linked polyethylene. Some of the coil-turns may be displaced inwards or outwards from the basic shape of the tube coil, in order to improve the convection.

Abstract: A system for removing oil, water and other adulterants from machine shop scrap cuttings. Scrap is inserted in the upper end of an inclined tumbler barrel and passed through a counterflowing stream of hot gases from a burner located at the lower end. Oxygen is inserted into the tumbler barrel at an intermediate position. The barrel is lined with refractory inserts each having contiguous connecting passages of different diameters. The scrap is raised to a temperature near its melting point and compacted into briquettes while remaining hot. Excess fuel gas flow and combustion prevent the aspiration of air into the barrel and thus prevent oxidation of the metal part of the scrap. As an alternative, the scrap can be melted as it flows from the tumbler barrel directly into a melting pot.