Abstract: This invention relates to corrosion inhibitors of steels, particularly carbon steels or low-alloy steels. They are ternary mixtures with synergetic action containing at least one strong base, at least one molybdate and at least one phosphate. This invention also relates to aqueous compositions of alkali metal halide containing said inhibitors. Such compositions are advantageously used as working fluid in high temperature absorption heat pump systems.

Abstract: A method of bleaching a cellulosic fiber material with hydrogen peroxide, comprising:(a) impregnating a cellulosic fiber material with an aqueous bleaching solution containing hydrogen peroxide and a stabilizer comprising:(i) 1 to 100 parts by weight of at least one hydroxyacrylic acid polymer selected from the group consisting of poly-.alpha.-hydroxyacrylic acids, and salts thereof and polylactone corresponding thereto; and(ii) 1 to 50 parts by weight of at least one organic phosphate acid compound selected from the group consisting of methylene,1,1-diphosphonic acid, ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, butylidene-1,1-disphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxypropyl-idene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, amino-tri(methylenephosphonic acid), hexamethylene diamine tetra(methylenephosphonic acid), triethylenetetramine hexa(methylenephosphonic acid), and salts of the above-mentioned organic phosphonic acids, and(b) heating the impregnated cellulosic fiber material with steam.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting metal corrosion in a closed aqueous cooling system comprising an aqueous mixture of (a) a nitrate, (b) a silicate, (c) an acrylate polymer, (d) an amine oxide and (e) tolyltriazole. A preferred embodiment also includes a molybdate.

Abstract: Aqueous buffer solutions for use in an ion exchange amino acid analysis system compounded so that it is non-corrosive to the stainless steel components of such a system while achieving high resolution and short analysis times in separation of the various amino acids in a sample mixture. The aqueous buffer preferably comprising a mixture of salts free of halogen ions but containing nitrate ions which tend to passivate stainless steel preventing corrosion.

Abstract: A composition, in contact with a corrodable metal surface, which composition comprises:(a) an aqueous-based or oil-based system; and(b) as inhibitor for protecting the metal surface against corrosion, at least one compound having the formula I: ##STR1## as well as salts or partial esters thereof wherein: n is 0 or an integer ranging from 1 to 20,R is a straight or branched chain C.sub.4 -C.sub.30 alkyl group, optionally interrupted by one, two or three oxygen atoms or substituted by one, two or three hydroxy groups, a C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl group optionally substituted by one, two or three C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups, or a C.sub.7 -C.sub.13 aralkyl group which is optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group;R.sub.1 is H or a straight- or branched chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group;R.sub.2 is H, a straight or branched chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group or CO.sub.2 H;R.sub.3 is H, a straight or branched chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, --CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H or --CH.sub.

Abstract: A low foaming, rust inhibiting composition is disclosed which contains:A. a rust inhibiting amount of a dicarboxylic acid of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Z is COOH or H, and one of each is present, and x and y are from 3 to 9, with x+y=12;B. a foam inhibiting amount of a triglyceride acid of the formula: ##STR2## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12. R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are saturated/unsaturated hydrocarbon terminals of fatty acids esterified with glycerol; andC. a base sufficient to adjust the pH of the composition to about 6.5 to 10.5.

Abstract: A scavenger for purifying inert gas mixtures to remove Lewis acid and oxidant impurities therefrom, comprising (i) an inert inorganic support, and (ii) an active scavenging species on the support, formed by deposition thereon of an organometallic precursor and pyrolysis thereof at a selected elevated temperature. The organometallic precursor is an alkyl metal compound comprising a metal of Group IA, IIA, and/or IIIA, wherein the pyrolysis temperature may range from about 150.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C., depending on the specific alkyl metal compound employed as the precursor. Also disclosed are: a corresponding method of making the scavenger; a process for purifying inert gases by contacting same with the scavenger; and a vessel containing a bed of the scavenger, useful as an apparatus for purifying inert gases.

Abstract: The Diels-Alder adduct of 2,3 and 6,7 poly(alloocimene) and an activated olefin such as maleic anhydride serves to inhibit the corrosion of metals. The adduct or a derived polyamine reaction product in admixture with an oil such as a petroleum oil or grease is effective to inhibit rusting of ferrous metals.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an acid gas absorbent composition, comprising a diethylene glycol dialkyl ether represented by the general formula I:R.sup.1 O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.2 R.sup.2 (I)wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a polyethylene glycol dialkyl ether represented by the general formula II:R.sup.3 O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.n R.sup.4 (II)wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and n is an integer in the range of 3 to 8.

Abstract: Corrosion of metal surfaces in contact with a hot hydrocarbon stock containing an appreciable amount of naphthenic acid is inhibited by the presence in the hydrocarbon stock of an effective corrosion inhibiting amount of a dialkyl or trialkyl phosphite, alone or together with a thiazoline.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of a mixture of nitroaromatic compositions, particularly a mixture of mononitrobenzene and dinitrotoluene. The conitration of a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons is accomplished by contacting the mixture of hydrocarbons with nitric acid, in the absence of sulfuric acid, at temperatures of from about 40.degree. to 70.degree. C. By the use of nitric acid alone, one avoids the heterogeneous nitration associated with the use of sulfuric acid and thereby one can effectively produce a reaction mixture containing mononitrobenzene and dinitrotoluene.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing fluoroaromatic compounds (such as fluoronitrobenzene compounds) by reaction of corresponding chloroaromatic compounds (such as chloronitrobenzene compounds) with alkali metal fluoride salts in the presence of alkyldiorganoaminopyridinium salts as phase transfer catalysts. A secondary carbon atom is directly attached to the alkyl carbon atom which is directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom. A preferred catalyst is N-(2-ethylhexyl)-4-(N',N'- dimethylamino)pyridinium chloride.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for nitrating toluene to dinitrotoluene and phase separation of the product using an inorganic salt as a phase separation agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous basic solution having a calculated pH of 13 or greater of a sulfobetaine which is soluble and stable for extended periods of storage. The sulfobetaine also is soluble and stable in aqueous basic solutions of high concentration, e.g. up to 50% by weight sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A process and reaction vessel for producing alkyl nitrite is disclosed the process comprising (a) contacting nitric oxide, lower alcohol and oxygen in a reaction zone such that alkyl nitrite is formed, said reaction zone comprising a reactor section and a rectification section, (b) supplying a liquid scrubbing agent to an upper portion of the rectification section, (c) withdrawing a gaseous alkyl nitrite product stream from the upper portion of the rectification section, and (d) withdrawing a liquid stream from a lower portion of the reactor section. The reactor section provides intimate vapor-liquid contact sufficient to enhance the conversion of nitric oxide to alkyl nitrite and the rectification section provides sufficient vapor residence time to enhance conversion of oxygen, as well as sufficient rectification capabilities to reduce the amounts of water and nitric acid in the gaseous alkyl nitrite product stream.

Abstract: A process for producing 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene which is characterized by chlorinating 4-fluoronitrobenzene in the presence of:(1) iodine or an iodide in combination with iron or an iron compound or(2) iodine or an iodide in combination with antimony or an antimony compound.

Abstract: A composition, in contact with a corrodable metal surface, which composition comprises:(A) an aqueous-based or oil-based system; and(B) as inhibitor for protecting the metal surface against corrosion, a mixture comprising at least one compound of formula I and at least one compound of formula II: ##STR1## wherein R is a monoalkylglycol ether of formula IIR.sub.3 [O(CH.sub.2).sub.m ].sub.p O(CH.sub.2).sub.m-1 -- IIIR.sup.1 is H, CO.sub.2 M or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 straight or branched chain alkyl residue;R.sup.2 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 straight or branched chain alkyl residue -CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 M or -CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 M;R.sup.3 is C.sub.4 -C.sub.20 straight or branched chain alkyl residue, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl residue (optionally substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 alkyl residues), C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl residue, or a C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 aralkyl group optionally substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A concentrate composition is disclosed which comprises (a) a blend of (i) a metal sulfonate and (ii) an alkali or alkaline earth metal or zinc salt of a carboxylic acid and (b) a carrier. The composition is useful as a rust- and corrosion-inhibitor in a petroleum or synthetic base medium and is capable of maintaining metal sulfonate content at temperatures greater than 150.degree. C., e.g., 200.degree. C., for 20 hours.

Abstract: Stibine is removed from gases generated in antimonial lead-acid batteries by using a filter having carbon powder (especially activated charcoal) as the active agent.

Abstract: A process for pretreating a natural gas stream having greater than about 40 mole % CO.sub.2 to reduce the amount of CO.sub.2 in the gas stream prior to treatment in a conventional sweetening process comprising passing the gas stream through a separator zone which condenses the C.sub.6 plus hydrocarbons and then passing the gas stream from the separator into a stripping zone which further reduces the temperature of the gas stream to remove a substantial quantity of CO.sub.2 as a liquid condensate.