Abstract: A method of separating impurities from impure PO, the method comprising distilling impure PO in a distillation zone to provide distillate PO of enhanced purity, wherein heat is provided to the distillation zone by a bottoms reboiler and by an intermediate reboiler, the intermediate reboiler providing heat at a lower temperature than the bottoms reboiler. A suitable distillation system is also disclosed.

Abstract: Process for the production of a chemical compound from a carbon dioxide starting material, comprising the steps of a) providing a feed stream consisting mainly of carbon dioxide; b) electrolyzing in an electrolysis stage the carbon dioxide in the feed stream to a first gas stream containing carbon monoxide and a second gas stream containing oxygen, wherein the molar ratio between carbon monoxide and oxygen is about 1:0.5 in an electrolysis stage; c) adjusting the composition of the first gas stream or the second gas stream or both gas streams to include carbon dioxide, either by operating at less than full conversion of CO2 or by sweeping one or both gas streams with a gas containing CO2 or by at some stage between the electrolysis cell and the oxidative carbonylation reactor diluting one or both gas streams with a gas containing CO2; all while maintaining an overall molar ratio of carbon monoxide to oxygen of about 1:0.

Abstract: A new process for the manufacture of iodinated xanthenes in high purity includes a cyclization step followed by an iodination step. No extraction, chromatographic or solvent concentration steps are required, and the intermediate as well as final compounds are isolated via filtration or similar means. The process requires a single organic solvent, and the steps are completed at temperatures below 100° C. The exclusion of chloride ions, of chloride free-radicals, hypochlorite ions, or hypochlorous acid as reagents or from reagents that may generate these species in situ in the presence of oxidants, prevents undesirable impurity formation. Several new compounds have been conceived and isolated using these methods. These new compounds are also formed into new medicaments.

Abstract: There is provided a process for manipulating the amount of alkyl alcohol in a product stream, e.g., such as an alkylene oxide product stream. More particularly, and in contrast to conventional processes wherein substantially all of the alkyl alcohol must be separated and desirably recycled, in the present process, a greater amount of alkyl alcohol may be allowed to remain in a partially refined alkylene oxide product stream. The residual alkyl alcohol is subsequently substantially entirely reacted to form a downstream product, e.g., a glycol ether, which is more easily separated from the alkylene oxide product stream. Indeed, the amount of alkyl alcohol in the partially refined alkylene oxide product stream can be selected based upon the output of glycol ethers, if desired.

Abstract: Reduced color and improved color stability isohexide products are enabled through adding one or more antioxidants to a crude dehydration product mixture from an acid-catalyzed dehydration of a corresponding hexitol.

Abstract: In order to produce an epoxy compound with a less chlorine content at a higher reaction rate and yield, the present invention provides a method for producing an epoxy compound by reacting a compound having a carbon-carbon double bond with hydrogen peroxide in the coexistence of the compound having a carbon-carbon double bond, the hydrogen peroxide solution, a powdered solid catalyst support and a powdered solid catalyst all together, the solid catalyst comprising isopolyacids produced from (a) tungstic acid or a salt thereof and (b) a quaternary ammonium salt compound and/or a pyridinium salt, selected from halogen-free compounds.

Abstract: A process for recovering a divinylarene dioxide from a crude feed stream comprising the steps of: (a) providing an effluent reaction stream containing at least one divinylarene dioxide product and other compounds; and (b) separating/recovering the divinylarene dioxide product from the other compounds of the reaction effluent from step (a); wherein the percent recovery of the divinylarene dioxide product recovered comprises greater than about 85 percent; and wherein the percent purity of the divinylarene dioxide product recovered comprises greater than about 85 percent.

Abstract: A method for producing epoxidation catalysts is provided. The catalyst comprises a support, a catalytic species, maganese and at least one alkali metal and/or promoter. The catalytic species may be silver. The catalyst is prepared by a method wherein at least a portion of the manganese is impregnated in a step separate from the at least one alkali metal and/or promoter. Advantageously, catalysts produced by the present method may exhibit greater efficiencies than catalysts produced by conventional methods. A method for the epoxidation of alkylenes using the catalysts so produced is provided as is a method for using the alkylene oxides for the production of 1,2-diols, 1,2-carbonates, 1,2-diol ethers, or alka-nolamines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for disinfection involving an antimicrobial composition. It particularly relates to an antimicrobial method for personal cleaning, oral care or hard surface cleaning applications. It was found that compositions comprising thymol, acyclic terpene alcohols and a carrier provide synergistic antimicrobial action in a method for disinfection. In a preferred aspect the composition also comprises 1 to 80%-wt of one or more surfactants.

Abstract: The present invention provides a use of compounds from Antrodia camphorata in manufacturing medicaments for treating kidney diseases, wherein the compounds is represented by formula (I): wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or acetyl group, R2 is wherein the kidney disease is glomerulosclerosis or glomerulonephritis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous process for the epoxidation of an olefinic compound with an oxidant, which process comprises reaction of an olefinic compound with an oxidant in the presence of a catalyst in an apparatus that comprises a reactive distillation column, which column comprises (i) a reactive section, which comprises the catalyst (ii) a rectifying section situated above the reactive section and adapted to allow separation of reagents and/or by-products from products (vii) a stripping section situated below the reactive section and adapted to allow separation of product from reagents and/or by-products (viii) a vessel situated below the stripping section and adapted to provide a source of heat for the column and in which initial vaporization of one or more of the reagents can occur, wherein the temperature in the reactive section (i) is a temperature at which the reaction between the olefinic compound and the oxidant takes place and the temperature in the stripping section (iii) is hi

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a compound of fonnula (I), comprising the reaction, in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a single rare earth oxide or a mixture of rare earth oxides, of an alkyl carbonate or an alkylene carbonate with a polyol of fonnula (II), wherein p is a whole number between 2 and 10.

Abstract: Provided is a production method which is capable of efficiently producing an alkanediol glycidyl ether (meth)acrylate with high purity and high yield without requiring a troublesome purification process. A method for producing an alkanediol glycidyl ether (meth)acrylate, which comprises: a step wherein a vinyloxyalkyl glycidyl ether is subjected to a devinylation reaction in the presence of an acid catalyst and water; and a subsequent step wherein an esterification reaction is carried out.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a sulfur-containing epoxy compound producing no scum-like insoluble matter. According to the present invention, a sulfur-containing halohydrin compound is dripped into and reacted with a mixed solvent containing an organic solvent and a basic compound to provide the method for producing the sulfur-containing epoxy compound. According to aspects of the present invention, the organic solvent is at least one type of compound selected from toluene and benzene, the basic compound is at least one type of compound selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, and the reaction temperature is between ?5° C. and 30° C.

Abstract: The invention provides oligomer-bis-chromonyl compound conjugates. The conjugates of the invention, when administered by any of a number of administration routes, exhibits advantages over previously administered compounds.

Abstract: A process for epoxidizing an olefin comprising contacting an olefin with an oxidant in the presence of an insoluble oxidation catalyst in a solvent system comprising an organic water-miscible solvent to form an alkylene oxide. The insoluble oxidation catalyst comprises a metal, preferably selected from the group consisting of tungsten, cerium, and niobium. The metal is directly incorporated within a solid mesoporous silicate support, such as one selected from the group consisting of KIT-5, KIT-6, and TUD-1.

Abstract: The present invention provides crystalline solid and amorphous forms of (?)-halofenate. The crystalline solid forms may be used in various pharmaceutical compositions, and are particularly effective for the prevention and/or treatment of conditions associated with blood lipid deposition in a mammal, particularly those diseases related to Type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia. The invention also relates to a method for preventing or treating Type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia in a mammal comprising the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of crystalline solid and amorphous forms of (?)-halofenate.

Abstract: Novel calcilytic compounds and methods of using them are provided.

Abstract: A method for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising the steps of reacting a feed gas composition containing an olefin, oxygen, and a moderator having an optimal moderator concentration in the presence of an epoxidation catalyst at a first temperature and having a first selectivity; and increasing the optimal moderator concentration to a second moderator concentration and whereby the first selectivity is lowed to a second selectivity and the first temperature to a second temperature.

Abstract: A process for preparing an alkylene oxide comprising contacting an alkyl phenyl hydroperoxide with an alkene in an epoxidation reaction to obtain an alkylene oxide and an alkyl phenyl alcohol, wherein the alkyl phenyl hydroperoxide is prepared by a process comprising reacting an alkyl aryl compound and oxygen to produce a reaction mixture comprising alkyl phenyl hydroperoxide, alkyl aryl compound and oxygen; separating at least a part of the reaction mixture into a product stream comprising alkyl phenyl hydroperoxide and an alkyl aryl compound stream; mixing at least a part of the alkyl aryl compound stream with a basic aqueous solution; separating at least a part of the mixture of alkyl aryl compound and basic aqueous solution with the help of a coalescer to obtain an organic phase containing alkyl aryl compound, and an aqueous phase; and recycling at least a part of the organic phase to the reacting step.