Abstract: A heatable roll has a plurality of annular, preferably electrical, heating elements (13) distributed internally along the length of the roll body (10,11). A slip-ring arrangement (22) rotating with the roll connects the heating elements with a heating current source (20) located outside the roll. A heating output setting device (9) arranged inside the roll is provided for each heating element and is connected to a signal transmitting arrangement (31 to 34). A control signal is formed for each heating element in a control center (21) located outside the roll, and is supplied to a parallel-serial converter (31). This converter forms one serial signal sequence from the plurality of parallel control signals, and this sequence is supplied, for example by means of slip-rings (22a), to a serial-parallel converter (34) located in the roll. This converter converts the serial signal sequence back again into parallel control signals which are supplied to the individual heating output setting devices.

Abstract: A low power electrical heating device for use in inhibiting the condensation of moisture in the housing of a piece of electrical equipment has an electrical resistor adapted to be connected to the main current circuit encased in an outer cover of thermally conductive material, the cover having a flat surface at one portion of its exterior periphery. A finned heat radiating body of thermally conductive material defines another flat surface and supports the resistor. The heat radiating body has its flat surface in flush engagement with the flat surface of the resistor for direct heat transfer from said resistor to said heat radiating body.

Abstract: An electric heater comprising a metal casting having an electric heating element of sinuate shape cast therein. The casting has a plurality of ventilation openings therethrough located between the sinuations of the heating element for permitting air to flow directly to the surface on which the heater is mounted for ventilating and cooling it.

Abstract: Heating apparatus includes a tray having a layer of insulative material disposed therewithin, above which a number of infra-red lamps are supported. The ends of each lamp are provided with a pinch seal having an amp tag connector, which is connected to the respective end of a filament within the lamp, sealed therein. Each pinch seal is enclosed within a ceramic housing and the heating apparatus is mounted beneath a layer of glass ceramic. A heat-conductive stud is intimately disposed between the layer and the pinch seal, via an aperture in the housing, so as to provide a good heat-conductive path from the pinch seal to the relatively cool glass ceramic.

Abstract: In the heat treating apparatus disclosed herein, semiconductor wafers are baked on the circular hot plate while being sheathed with a uniform vapor flow. The preferred vapor is a mixture of a relatively large volume of nitrogen carrying a relatively small volume of HMDS. After passing over the wafer, the vapor sheath is drawn, through an annular gap, into an exhaust chamber which surrounds and underlies the hot plate thereby avoiding heat and vapor loss into the other portions of the semiconductor fabrication line within which the baking apparatus is typically incorporated.

Abstract: In the pulling of a single crystal from a melt by the Czochralski method the temperature of the melt and the crystal is controlled by a plurality of heaters surrounding the crucible in vertically disposed relation relative to each other. The lowermost heater is controlled by an automatic temperature controller in response to the temperature of the bottom of the crucible and the remaining heaters are controlled by the selectring a specific ratio for the power supply of each of the remaining heaters with respect to the power supply of the lowermost heater.

Abstract: A ceramic heater comprises a heat generator made of a conductive ceramic sintered body, a supporter made of an insulating ceramic sintered body for supporting the heat generator, and a metallic wire for supplying an electric current from an electrode to the heat generator. The heat generator is integrally covered with an unporous covering layer made of an insulating ceramic sintered body. The covering layer prevents the heat generator from being directly exposed to oil and water. The covering layer is made of, for example Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 or glass containing SiO.sub.2 as a main constituent into a thickness of not more than 1mm.

Abstract: A thermostat for a cooking utensil having a radiation heating body is constructed of an electrical switch actuated by a push rod. The rod extends away from the switch and expands in response to increasing temperature. The rod is held by spring loading within an outer tube of material, typically quartz or ceramic, of substantially lower coefficient of expansion than the rod. To permit adjustment of the thermostat during manufacture, a mating surface between a side wall of a housing of the switch and an end of the tube is constructed by forming an outward spherically shaped bulge in the side wall and an outward flaring of the end of the tube, thereby to permit relative motion between the housing and the tube without fracturing the end of the tube.

Abstract: An electrically heated wok having a bowl of substantial thickness preferably formed from aluminium by gravity or sand casting and having an electrical heating element on the underside thereof, the bowl being supported on an annular skirt surrounding the heating element, the bowl being tiltable in relation to the skirt and being guided by a guide member associated with the skirt and with which portions of the bowl interact, a locking lever being provided for engagement with detents on the skirt so that the bowl can be fixed in a number of predetermined tilted positions in relation to the skirt.

Abstract: The cooker contains several conventional hotplates in a mounting plate. A thermostat is associated with each hotplate. However, the thermostat is not placed in or on the hotplate, but is instead located on the cooker, particularly between the hotplate and the edge or one of the corners of the mounting plate to protect against localized overheating apart from the hotplate.

Abstract: A delivery system is provided for use in conjunction with the metalurgical furnace of the type having an elongated furnace chamber with an access door at one end for delivering a coffin containing parts into the interior of the furnace chamber. The delivery system comprises a plurality of rollers which are secured to the bottom of the furnace chamber so that axes of the rollers extend transversely with respect to the axis of the furnace chamber. In use, the rollers frictionally engage the bottom of the coffin and guide the coffin into the furnace chamber. Preferably, the coffin includes upwardly extending channels on its bottom, and which the rollers are positioned.

Abstract: A resistance element capable of withstanding a high voltage is formed through impurity diffusion in a single crystal island of a semiconductor integrated circuit substrate. The resistance element includes a resistive region formed in an exposed surface of the single crystal island and folded reciprocatively by at least one and a half turns in a planar zigzag-like pattern. The pitch at which the resistive region is folded is decreased as viewed in the direction in which extension of depletion layer formed within the single crystal island upon application of a voltage between two ends of the resistive region is decreased.

Abstract: An insulated electric heating element particularly suitable for use in a hot plate or electric stove is disclosed. The insulated electric heating element (11) includes a unitary two chamber housing (21). The chambers are located one above the other. A U-shaped upper chamber (22) houses a resistive electric heating element (23). A U-shaped lower chamber (24) houses thermal insulation (30). The thermal insulation reduces the heat radiated downwardly and sidewardly and correspondingly increases the heat radiation upwardly by the electric heating element.

Abstract: A conductor, provided with insulation for forming windings for transformers and other inductive apparatus comprises two substantially rectangular uninsulated conductor strands, which are arranged with a flat side of one conductor strand facing a flat side of the other conductor strand and with an insulating layer arranged between the flat conductor sides, of a material which forms a glued joint between the conductor strands and which contains a spacer of insulating material to ensure that the conductor strands are held at a distance from each other. The glued joint may be provided either before or after the forming of the conductor into a winding. After the glued joint has been achieved, a winding manufactured from the conductor has a high breaking strength and low additional losses. The conductor is suitable for the manufacture of complicated windings as well, such as interleaved disc windings.

Abstract: Resistance heating element, with a heat conductor led in meander pattern, which is fastened in the zone of the meander arches in bearing elements, characterized in that between the bearing elements there is arranged a heating conductor of at least one one-piece sheet metal stamped part strip (4) with bearing pins (25) and slide pins (27).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid heater devices, and more particularly to an electric cable structure of a composite construction adapted for use as an electric immersion heater for use in electroplating, metal preparation and finishing applications and the like, and more particularly relates to a new and novel, flexible cable structure of small diameter which can be quickly and easily produced by continuous fabricating techniques into indefinite lengths, and which may be thereafter severed into predetermined lengths for various immersion heater applications.

Abstract: Heating apparatus includes a tray having a layer of insulative material disposed in the base thereof and a number of infra-red lamps disposed thereabove. The apparatus is accommodated within a housing having a layer of glass ceramic to form a hotplate. Each end of each lamp is provided with a pinch seal enclosed within a ceramic end cap. To improve substantially dissipation of heat from the pinch seals, first apertures are provided in a hollow bar and second apertures are provided in a base plate below the pinch seals, so as to permit air to flow into the housing via the second apertures, substantially around the pinch seals, and out of the housing via the first apertures.

Abstract: Heating apparatus includes a tray having a layer of insulative material disposed therewithin, above which a number of infra-red lamps are supported. The ends of each lamp are provided with a pinch seal having an amp tag connector, which is connected to the respective end of a filament within the lamp, sealed therein. Each pinch seal is enclosed within a ceramic housing and the heating apparatus is mounted beneath a layer of glass ceramic.A plate of heat-conductive material is intimately disposed between the top surface of one or more of the ceramic housings and the under surface of the glass ceramic, so as to encourage heat from the pinch seals to conduct in an upward direction towards the glass ceramic.

Abstract: A combined cigarette and chart/map lighter includes a elongated plug body which is adapted to cooperate with a socket connected to a source of electrical energy. An ignitor coil and cup are formed at a first end of the plug body, and a lamp socket, for receipt of a light bulb, is disposed interiorly of the plug body at a central portion of the plug body. A removable cap is formed at the second end of the plug body. A leaf spring electrical contact is provided within the plug body and is biased into engagement with a ground formed by the interior shell of the plug body. A cam follower is formed at the end of the leaf spring contact. A plastic generally U-shaped reciprocal element has linear cams formed at the free ends of each of the legs of the U, the linear cams capable of engaging the leaf spring cam follower and moving the leaf spring out of contact with the ground.

Abstract: Laminar heaters comprise a laminar heating element sandwiched between two laminar electrodes having substantial electrical resistance along the thickness thereof. The heater has a heating area of irregular shape, and at least one of the electrodes extends over a connection area in which heat is not generated but which provides a shorter and/or more uniform current path to the heat-generating parts of the heater.