Abstract: Recombinant host cells are obtained that comprise (A) a heterologous, polypeptide-encoding polynucleotide segment, stably integrated into a chromosome, which is under transcriptional control of an endogenous promoter and (B) a mutation that effects increased expression of the heterologous segment, resulting in enhanced production by the host cells of each polypeptide encoded by that segment, relative to production of each polypeptide by the host cells in the absence of the mutation. The increased expression thus achieved is retained in the absence of conditions that select for cells displaying such increased expression. When the integrated segment comprises, for example, ethanol-production genes from an efficient ethanol producer like Zymomonas mobilis, recombinant Escherichia coli and other enteric bacterial cells within the present invention are capable of converting a wide range of biomass-derived sugars efficiently to ethanol.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and compositions wherein nucleic acids are associated with a solid phase that comprises a carboxylated substrate. In specific embodiments, precipitation of the nucleic acids occurs in the absence of salt.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reproducible method to determine flocculating properties of bottom fermenting yeast, at a short time, easily and quickly, without fermentation. It is characterized in using an ORF sequence of a flocculation gene FLO5 of laboratory's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for detecting a risk of hypertension and for targeting antihypertensive treatment in a subject, the method comprising isolating genomic DNA from said subject, determining the DNA sequence comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a variant ?2B-adrenoceptor protein.

Abstract: This invention provides in vitro processes for producing copies of specific nucleic acids using protein-nucleic acid constructs which are part of conjugates which are introduced into cells. Illustrative of the elements useful in these constructs for producing copies of specific nucleic acids are promoters, sequences coding for proteins or providing templates for transcription, and RNA polymerases.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for normalizing and amplifying RNA populations. The methods generally comprise the steps of copying message RNA (mRNA) to form first single-stranded (ss) cDNA; converting the first ss-cDNA to first double-stranded (ds) cDNA; linearly amplifying the first ds-cDNA to form first amplified RNA (aRNA); tagging the 3? end of the first aRNA with a known sequence to form 3?-tagged first aRNA; copying the 3?-tagged first aRNA to form second ss-cDNA; and normalizing the mRNA and/or the first aRNA.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and method for detection of a target molecule. The apparatus includes a probe labeled with a transition metal-ligand complex that hybridizes with the target to form an initial complex, a metal ion for doping the initial complex and forming a final complex, and a potential means for providing a potential to the final complex to produce a detectable signal indicating the presence of the target after redox reaction. The method of the invention teaches the steps of hybridizing a probe with an attached label to the target to produce an initial complex, adding a metal ion to the initial complex to form a final complex and applying a potential to the final complex to produce a measurable signal.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for synthesis of nucleic acids to amplify an intended nucleic acid in a region in which a GC content is rich, wherein a polyhydric alcohol and/or ammonium sulfate is present in an amplification reaction solution. According to the present invention, it is possible to amplify nucleic acids in a GC rich region efficiently and directly from a sample such as blood containing lots of PCR inhibitory substances without undergoing a process of isolating and purifying the nucleic acid, even though conducting PCR in the GC rich region tends to be difficult using conventional processes even if purified DNA is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to the identification of a novel gene, TMS1, which is transcriptionally silenced as a result of methylation. Nucleic acids and polypeptides are provided as are methods and tools for diagnosing and treating disorders characterized by such methylation, and/or abnormally low levels of TMS1 expression products.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an addressable array of biopolymers on a substrate using a biomonomer with a first linking group which must be activated for linking to a substrate bound moiety, and apparatus and computer program products for executing the method. The method includes forming on a region of the substrate carrying the substrate bound moiety, a solid activator composition. A biomonomer containing fluid composition is deposited on the region so that the solid activator activates the first linking group and the biomonomer links to the substrate bound moiety. The foregoing steps may be repeated, wherein a biomonomer deposited and linked to the substrate bound moiety in one cycle is the substrate bound moiety for the next cycle, so as to form the biopolymer.

Abstract: Materials for use in miniaturized arrays, the arrays, and methods of manufacturing. Materials for making arrays described include a substrate with a silicon-containing layer, optionally with linking agents and reactants.

Abstract: Materials and methods are provided which rapidly and specifically different between pathogenic and non-pathogenic Aspergillus species in a biological sample.

Abstract: The cDNA which codes for factor XIIIa has been isolated using a cDNA bank from human placenta and probes constructed on the basis of the amino acid sequence of factor XIIIa peptide fragments. It is possible with this cDNA not only to obtain factor XIIIa by gene manipulation in high purity but also to prepare diagnostic aids which permit the analysis of genetic factor XIIIa defects. Furthermore, it is possible on the basis of the amino acid sequence to prepare antibodies which are suitable for diagnostic aids and antibody columns.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel nucleic acid and peptide compositions comprising methythlioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) and methods of use for MTAP amino acid sequences and DNA segments comprising MTAP in the diagnosis of human cancers and development of MTAP-specific antibodies. Also disclosed are methods for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors and other proliferative cell disorders, and idenification tumor suppressor genes and gene products from the human 9p21-p22 chromosome region. Such methods are useful in the diagnosis of multiple tumor types such as bladder cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, brain tumors, lymphomas, gliomas, melanomas, and leukemias.

Abstract: A fluorescent DNA probes specific to the conserved terminal 3′-noncoding region (nucleotides 10653-10678) of dengue virus and a pair of flanking primers are designed to formulate a dengue specific fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Optimal assay conditions with zero background are disclosed which permit the detection of low levels of dengue virus from clinical specimens. Dengue virus isolates from different geographic regions can be universally detected and identified by the fluorogenic RT-PCR assay. Moreover, the assay is specific for dengue 2 virus and does not recognize other related flaviviruses, including dengue serotypes Louis encephalitis, yellow fever, and Kunjin viruses. The ) 3, and 4, Japanese encephalitis, St. assay also efficiently detected immunocomplexed dengue viruses. The fluorogenic RT-PCR assay readily detected viremia in sera collected from individuals ill with dengue fever.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the gene, and mutations, that are responsible for the disease hemochromatosis (HH). In particular, the present invention provides for the presence of one or more mutations on the ferroportin 1 (SLC11A3) gene which results in aberrant SLC11A3 mediated iron transport. The invention also relates to methods for diagnostic tools, drugs and therapies developed for the treatment of patients with HH or anemia.

Abstract: This invention concerns novel methods and compositions useful for directly and rapidly analyzing the biochemical components of microorganisms. The compositions and methods of the present invention obviate the need for extracting and purifying the biochemicals prior to analysis.

Abstract: A method for preparing a gene transcript pattern probe kit characteristic of a disease or condition or a stage thereof in a prokaryotic or eukaryotic organism using mRNA which is differentially expressed in the disease or condition or stage as probes, methods of diagnosis using the method and kits for performing the same are disclosed.

Abstract: An aqueous composition containing primers for opposing strands of human cytomegaloviral DNA and a second target DNA can be used in polymerase chain reaction to provide simultaneously rapid and efficient amplification and detection of those nucleic acids. The primers for each target DNA differ in length by no more than 5 nucleotides and have a Tm within the range of from about 65 to about 74° C., while the Tm's are within about 5° C. of each other. Such compositions are useful in diagnostic test kits and methods for amplification and detection of hCMV DNA and other target DNA's using multiple capture probes, in “multiplexing”. All of the capture probes have Tm's which are greater than 50° C. and are within 15° C. of each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the detection and characterization of nucleic acid sequences, as well as variations in nucleic acid sequences. The present invention also relates to methods for forming a nucleic acid cleavage structure on a target sequence and cleaving the nucleic acid cleavage structure in a site-specific manner. The 5′ nuclease activity of a variety of enzymes is used to cleave the target-dependent cleavage structure, thereby indicating the presence of specific nucleic acid sequences or specific variations thereof. The present invention further relates to methods and devices for the separation of nucleic acid molecules based by charge.