Abstract: Fuel for a working cylinder chamber (8) of an internal combustion engine is drawn through an atomizing nozzle (39) from an accumulator (30). Fuel is supplied by a low pressure source (12) through a variable constriction (16) linked to the throttle (4) and through a solenoid valve which is pulsed at a frequency proportional to engine speed.

Abstract: A uniform beam of polarized light for biostimulation purposes is provided by a projector having a lamp, and a reflector which create a diverging beam that refracts through a Fresnel lens and becomes a bundle of parallel beams, which strikes a multi-plate Brewster polarizer to be reflected and become a polarized light bundle of substantially parallel light beams of nearly uniform intensity and having a dimension of some hundreds of cm.sup.2. The projector may include a rectangular housing, a pair of rods hingedly connecting a frame around the polarizer and engaging the housing to position the polarizer, a halogen overhead projector lamp, a cooling fan and a six plate glass polarizer.

Abstract: A headlamp for an automobile comprising a light source (F.sub.C) a reflector (F) co-operating with this light source in order to reflect in a direction of emission a beam of substantially parallel rays, and a front glass (G) for dispersion and diffusion interposed in the path of the light rays, this glass being inclined with respect to the direction of emission. The glass has on its internal face, correcting optical elements (10) the active surface (11) of each of which is defined by the intersection of a prism inclined by an angle .alpha. with respect to the vertical plane passing through the direction of emission and having an angle .beta. at the apex, and a cylindrical rib having an axis parallel to the prism and a radius r, in such a way that the inclination .alpha. of the prism compensates for the effect of vertical deflection caused by the inclination of the glass.

Abstract: A telescoping parts manipulator comprising a telescoping tubular arm which is extended and retracted by a cable from a cable drum, and a workpiece engaging assembly which pivots on a wrist swivel axis carried at the end of the telescoping arm which engages molded articles in a molding machine. The telescoping arm is mounted to a slide box which moves forward and backward to allow engagement with a molded article, clearance of the tie bars in the mold, and movement towards a work station such as a conveyor belt. The cable is a hollow nylon tube which provides vacuum from a vacuum source through the telescoping arm to suction cups at the end of the arm which engage the molded articles.

Abstract: A glow plug for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The glow plug of the present invention comprises a heater support member projecting into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the heater support member being formed of an electric insulating material; a heater member affixed to the outer surface of the heater support member, the heater member being formed of an electrically conductive, heat- and oxidation-resistant ceramic material; at least three lead wires for power supply embedded in the heater support member, one end of the lead wires being connected each independently to the heater member; and a power switching means interposed between the other ends of those lead wires and a power source for connecting the power source selectively between the lead wires. By the selective connection between the lead wires performed by the power switching means, a plurality of heater elements having different resistance values are formed within the heater member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines by the utilization of sintered silicon carbide for the fabrication of certain engine components wherein the silicon carbide starting material used to produce the sintered components is in an ultra-fine form. The engine components comprise the valve train and the power assembly. The valve train is comprised of the valve guides, valves, valve caps, rocker arms, valve spring retainer rings, push rods and tappets (lifters). The power assembly is comprised of cylinder lines, valve seats, exhaust port liners, exhaust manifold, flames plates, pistons, piston rings, piston pins and connecting rods.

Abstract: An engine having a swirl control valve in the intake port. When the engine is operating at a low speed, a lean air-fuel mixture is fed into the engine cylinder, and a swirl control valve is closed in order to create a swirl motion in the combustion chamber. When a predetermined time elapses after the engine operating state is changed from the low speed-light load state to the low speed-heavy load state, the vacuum chamber of an actuator actuating the swirl control valve is opened to the outside air and, thereby, the swirl control valve is forced to open to the maximum extent. At the same time, the air-fuel mixture fed into the engine cylinder is changed to an air-fuel mixture of an approximately stoichiometric air-fuel ratio from the lean air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation system, air/fuel ratio control is effected using various engine parameters including atmospheric pressure. To this end, basic fuel injection duration is first computed, and this basic fuel injection duration is corrected using a correction factor so that a desired air/fuel ratio is obtained irrespective of the change in atmospheric pressure. When EGR is performed a first correction factor is derived or calculated using engine speed data, intake pressure data and atmospheric pressure data. When EGR is not performed, a second correction factor is derived or calculated using atmospheric pressure data. When obtaining the first correction factor, interpolation is used to obtain the value thereof suitable for detected engine speed, intake pressure and atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A self sprung holder device for a hollow cathode lamp of the type useful as a spectral radiation source for atomic absorption spectrometers. The holder is constructed from a sheet of flexible material bent along two lines to form an elongate tapered triangular housing open at one angle. An adjustment means is pivotally mounted at the rear or larger triangular opening of the housing. The adjustment means includes two thumb screws and a projecting arm member for aligning the lamp along two axes of movement with the front end portion of the lamp being pivoted about one or more integral housing fulcrum points.

Abstract: An ignition system for an internal combustion engine including a CDI magnet device having a generating coil for charging an ignition capacitor, and an ignition coil having a primary winding which receives a supply of the electric charge discharged by the ignition capacitor through a thyristor, and a signal generating device constituting a circuit for releasing the electric charge of a second capacitor through leak resistors and supplying a signal to a gate of the thyristor when the voltage of the second capacitor reaches a predetermined level.

Abstract: A lamp structure and, more specially, a strip lighting fixture has an outer casing tube with a slot running between its ends and at least two double-ended lamps or bulbs placed within it and joined up electrically in series with a current supply, the bulbs being kept electrically in contact by one or more springs acting axially thereon.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for recirculating exhaust gas in an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas recirculating conduit which is provided with a valve controlled by two solenoid windings. The system includes a control device including a PID regulator having limitations and cooperating with a three-point switching circuit which exhibits a hysteresis and includes a feedback. The energizing signals for the two solenoid windings are limited between a minimum and a maximum value, whereby the minimum value is defined by the operational sensitivity of the exhaust gas recirculating valve.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the operation of an internal combustion engine having a carburetor which, controls the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine in the steady operating condition of the engine on the basis of predetermined data determined relative to the engine crankshaft rotation speed and intake vacuum and stored in a memory. A three-way catalyst purifies engine exhaust gases, and an output signal from an O.sub.2 sensor in the exhaust system is fed back for the control of the air-fuel ratio in the engine exhaust gases. A circuit checks whether this feedback control is normally carried or not. The air-fuel ratio supplied to the engine in an unsteady operating condition of the engine is controlled by regulating the fuel and air supplied to the engine while bypassing the carburetor, by the sensed values of the intake vacuum, engine crankshaft rotation speed and engine temperature and also depending on the throttle valve position.

Abstract: An apparatus containing a first gas chamber having a plurality of inlets is provided for collecting undesirable gaseous emissions. Each of the inlets includes a device for adjusting the flow of gas into the chamber. A second gas chamber is provided adjacent the first gas chamber and a plurality of passageways are provided between the two chambers. A regulating system is provided to control the flow of gas from the first gas chamber through each passageway to the second gas chamber in response to predetermined operating conditions of the motor. An outlet from the second gas chamber, which includes a flow adjusting element, directs the gases to an intake of the motor where the undesirable gaseous emissions can be consumed.

Abstract: A method and a device for an adaptive forward feeding of a disturbance correcting signal in a regulator is based on storing an output signal from the regulator at a first time point t.sub.0 corresponding to the occurrence of a disturbance. At a later time point t.sub.1 when the disturbance has been settled by the regulator, a second output signal from the regulator indicative of the final integration level is compared with a stored signal and the difference signal is processed and combined with a constant disturbance correcting signal, thus producing another an adapted disturbance correcting signal which minimizes the deviation from a desired magnitude and at the input of the regulator. The processing of the adaptive correction signal at the output of the comparator is preferably made by an integration according to a preset formula of a plurality of differences produced from a plurality of forward switching actions before the second time point t.sub.1.

Abstract: In a two cycle internal combustion engine (2) wherein heavy fuel ends accumulate in lower portions of the crankcase (8), recirculation means (36, 38) are provided for variably recirculating the heavy fuel ends back into the crankcase only at higher engine speeds for subsequent combustion. The heavy fuel ends are collected in a reservoir (36), and held therein at idle, to minimize engine smoke. The heavy fuel ends are released from the reservoir at higher engine speed for recirculation through a delivery line (40) which is selectively exposed by a throttle valve (24) to crankcase vacuum only at higher engine speed, whereby the heavy fuel ends are sucked from the reservoir through the delivery line and carburetor throat (26) into the crankcase.

Abstract: A hydraulic lash adjusting tappet 10 for use in engine valve gear of the direct acting type having one end of the tappet contacting the end of the combustion chamber valve stem 26 and the other end contacting the cam-shaft lobe 16. The tappet has the body 40 formed with a tubular wall portion 42 having an inwardly extending web portion 44 intermediate the ends thereof with a tubular hub 46 disposed therewithin formed integrally with the web and extending axially therefrom. A cam face disc member 18 is attached about the periphery thereof to one end of the tubular wall. A plunger means 50 is slidably received in the tubular hub and includes a piston 64 slidable therein forming a high pressure chamber 86 within the plunger remote from the cam face and having therein one-way valve means for admitting fluid to the chamber for lash adjustment. An annular retainer 56 is received over the outward end of the hub and a passage 84 is provided through the tubular wall portion for communicating fluid to the reservoir.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine has, arranged in pairs, cylinders offset in angle in relation to one another in the direction of the axis of rotation of its crankshaft. The engine block consists of two castings, each of which combines integrally in one piece with one another one half of a crankcase, one of the cylinder housings of each pair and the cylinder heads. The castings are symmetrical in rotation at 180.degree. in relation to an axis of symmetry lying in the plane of separation of the crankcase perpendicularly of the axis of rotation of the crankshaft, so that they can be manufactured in one and the same casting mold. The cranks for the crankshaft which are allocated to each piston pair are connected with one another through a cranked middle piece, to reduce the distance between the cylinder axes and thus to reduce vibration.

Abstract: A wear-resistant member and method for producing the same which member may form a movable member in an internal combustion engine which is subjected to high pressure such as a rocker arm, tappet, cam, valve or valve seat. The member is formed as a combination of a ferrous sintered body and a ferrous base body having a common surface. The sintered body is formed from a compressed powder body disposed in contact with the ferrous base body. The powder body, in a preferred embodiment, consists of 0.5 to 7.0% by weight carbon, 0.1 to 5.0% phosphorus, the balance being iron, and having a porosity of 12 to 20% by volume at least 40% of which is pores having a pore size of not more than 300 .mu.. The combined powder body and ferrous base body are heated to a temperature higher than the liquid-phase temperature of the powder body but lower than the melting point of the ferrous body to sinter the powder body.

Abstract: A bucket tappet is provided for direct-acting valve gear having a body portion formed of a light weight material having a thermal expansion suitable for use in an aluminum engine head. The body of the tappet is formed with a tubular wall, an inner tubular hub and a transverse web joining and supporting the hub within the outer tubular wall. An hydraulic lash adjusting piston/plunger assembly formed of steel is received within the tubular hub. The leakdown control surfaces within the lash adjuster are formed on the mating interfaces between the steel piston and plunger. The body of the tappet has a cam face member formed of hardened material, preferably iron base, received thereover transversely of the outer tubular portion and retained thereon for providing a cam contacting surface. The inner tubular hub has the end adjacent the cam face closed by portions of the body for forming a portion of the hydraulic reservoir in conjunction with a cavity formed in the hydraulic piston.