Abstract: Methods for generating particulate clusters and nodal trapping lines having desired widths are disclosed. The devices include an acoustic chamber having an inlet and an outlet. An ultrasonic transducer and reflector create a multi-dimensional acoustic standing wave that generates particulate clusters separated by a channel of fluid running therebetween and creates nodal trapping lines. The frequency of the multi-dimensional acoustic standing wave can be selectively tuned so as to selectively control at least one of (a) a width of each particulate cluster, or (b) a width of each channel of fluid. The frequency of the multi-dimensional acoustic standing wave can also be selectively tuned so as to selectively control the width of each nodal trapping line. Also disclosed are particulate clusters separated by a channel of fluid, wherein a ratio of the widths of the particulate clusters and the channel of fluid can be varied as desired.

Abstract: In a submerged discharge device, a pair of electrodes is arranged in a liquid in a reservoir to receive an alternating voltage from an alternating power source, thereby generating a submerged discharge using a discharger arranged in the liquid between the pair of electrodes. A surface of this pair of electrodes has a coating that ensures the submerged discharge generated by the discharger. This may reduce the area of contact between the surface of the pair of electrodes and the liquid in the treatment vessel to reduce the consumption of the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system can prevent a NH3 slip caused by an excessive injection of urea water, and includes: an SCR that purifies NOx contained in an exhaust gas using ammonia, as a reducing agent, produced from urea water; a urea water injection device that injects the urea water into an exhaust passage upstream from the SCR; an estimated-adsorption-amount calculation unit that calculates an estimated adsorption amount of the ammonia adsorbed in the SCR; an injection control unit that executes an injection control of the urea water injection device based on the estimated adsorption amount; and an estimated-adsorption-amount change unit that changes the estimated adsorption amount used for the injection control into a value increased or decreased by a predetermined amount when a predetermined condition is established that can cause a difference between an actual adsorption amount of the ammonia adsorbed in the SCR and the estimated adsorption amount.

Abstract: An exhaust gas filter for purifying exhaust gases including particulate matter discharged from an internal combustion engine includes a honeycomb structure whose axial direction matches an exhaust gas flow, a plug portion which selectively plugs upstream end faces of the honeycomb structure which faces the exhaust gas flow, and catalyst carried on the honeycomb structure. The honeycomb structure has a plurality of partition walls and cells surrounded by the partition walls, and pores formed inside partition walls between adjacent cells communicating with each other. The plurality of the cells have open cells which are penetrated in the axial direction and plugged cells having one upstream end which face the exhaust gas flow plugged by the plug portion. The honeycomb structure has a first region which does not carry the catalyst on the partition walls and a second region which carries the catalyst on the partition walls.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a centrifuge with a balancing mechanism and method of balancing such a centrifuge. The centrifuge includes a vertical shaft driven in rotation by a motor, and a mechanism for balancing the parts integral with said vertical shaft. The mechanism includes a plate integral with the vertical shaft, at least one compensating mass freely displacing on the plate, the mass being designed to limit the imbalance of parts integral with the vertical shaft, and a mechanism for blocking the compensating mass, the blocking mechanism being designed to immobilize the compensating mass on the plate when the rotation speed exceeds a determined value.

Abstract: A desulfurization system removes sulfur ingredients included in synthetic gas generated from gasification of coal in a high temperature dry state. The system includes a desulfurization reactor, a desulfurization cyclone, and first and second regeneration reactors branched with the desulfurization cyclone. A first oxidizing agent is injected to a first oxidizing agent inlet of the first regeneration reactor, and a second oxidizing agent is injected to a second oxidizing agent inlet of the second regeneration reactor. A controller operates one of the first and second regeneration reactors in a regeneration mode, controlling the other to operate in a desulfurization mode.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a catalytic converter on an exhaust pipe and provided with a lean NOx trap (LNT) device coated with an LNT catalyst, and a catalyzed particulate filter (CPF) coated with a catalyst. The LNT device and CPF are sequentially disposed in the catalytic converter. The CPF includes at least one inlet channel, extending in a longitudinal direction, having a first end into which fluid flows and a blocked second end; at least one outlet channel, extending in the longitudinal direction, having a blocked first end and a second end through which the fluid flows out; at least one porous wall defining a boundary between neighboring inlet and outlet channels and that extends in the longitudinal direction; and a support coated with the catalyst and located within at least one among the at least one inlet channel and the at least one outlet channel.

Abstract: The fan scrubber is provided with a casing having a gas draw-in port and a gas ejection port, a fan disposed in the casing, a nozzle from which a liquid is jetted into the casing, and a canned motor connected to the fan. The canned motor has a main shaft connected to the fan, a rotor which rotates integrally with the main shaft, a stator disposed on the periphery of the rotor, a motor casing in which the rotor and the stator are housed, and a can which partitions the interior of the motor casing into a rotor chamber in which the rotor is disposed and a stator chamber in which the stator is disposed.

Abstract: To provide a voltage-type device for killing microorganisms in which a microorganism killing effect is high and scale is less likely to clog up through holes in electrodes. The device for killing microorganisms includes: a main body which a liquid to be treated flows in at one end and flows out at the other end; opposed electrodes that are arranged in the main body in parallel with a flow of the liquid to be treated and have mutually-opposed through holes; and a voltage source of which an anode is connected to one of the opposed electrodes and a cathode is connected to the other of them. When a straightened liquid to be treated is passed through the device for killing microorganisms, a stirring action is produced between the opposed electrodes, whereby hypochlorous acid can be diffused throughout the entire device and a high killing effect can be obtained.

Abstract: This disclosure includes a device for producing sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid for water treatment, the device including: a cylinder for storing salt in solid form, adapted for being fed directly via a pressurized water pipe, and including one or more tubes that form one or more electrolytic chambers; one or more electrolytic cells received in the electrolytic chambers; the tubes of the cylinders being perforated to allow the contacting of the electrolytic cells with the salt-saturated water while preventing the electrolytic cells from being short-circuited by the solid salt. This produces sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid from salt-saturated water in a cylinder, connected directly to the pipe of the water to be treated without the latter being loaded with salt.

Abstract: To generate homogenized super-micro bubbles of nano-scale in a simple structure and at a low cost, a super-micro bubble generator has a cylindrical casing provided with an opening for the introduction of a liquid at one end and an outlet for delivery of the liquid at the other end, and the cylindrical casing includes: a flow speed increasing part for increasing the flow speed of the liquid introduced from the introduction opening; a gas suction part for drawing gas from the outside into the casing, wherein the pressure is decreased by a liquid flow whose flow speed is increased in the flow speed increasing part; and a super-micro bubble-containing liquid producing part for shearing, by the liquid flow whose flow speed is increased in the flow speed increasing part, the gas that is sucked by the gas suction part and generating a liquid including super-micro bubbles, in this order, from the introduction opening to the delivery opening.

Abstract: A method is provided for continuously clarifying a flowable suspension with a discontinuously solid-discharging—self-discharging—separator, which has a rotatable drum with a vertical axis of rotation, a feed for the suspension to be clarified and at least one liquid discharge for continuously discharging at least one clarified liquid phase, and discontinuously openable solid-discharge openings for discontinuously discharging the solid phase. The method involves a) measuring one or more of the suspension parameters mass, mass of solid substance in the suspension, mass flow, temperature, density, cumulative density; and b) initiating a time-limited discharge of solid substance as a result of a repeated determination on the basis of step a) in the event of or after the exceeding of a limit value.

Abstract: Centrifuge vessels suitable for live cell processing include a bowl with a cap, and a tube inside the bowl extending between the cap and a lower portion of the bowl. The bottom of the bowl can have a closed annular ring surrounding a center mound. The vessels can be particularly suitable for processing low volumes of live cells for vaccines or other therapies.