Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for reconfiguring protocol data for a multiplexed data stream which is reduced to carry fewer services for cable-side transmission in a cable television plant or the like. More particularly, the present invention provides methods and apparatus for reconfiguring protocol data for a desired combination of multiplexed data stream subgroups contained within an incoming high data rate data stream, such as a high data rate Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulated multiplexed data stream, when the incoming multiplexed data stream is reduced.

Abstract: IP packets classified according to QoS are mapped onto radio bearers according to various mechanisms. Packets arriving at or leaving from a first network are checked to see if an indicated QoS has been achieved in transit before arriving or leaving and, if not, degrading the QoS actually allocated accordingly for purposes of further transmission.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to efficiently transmit data for statistical multiplexing which is required for control using statistical multiplexing. By utilizing private packets, respective encoding devices transmit encoding difficulties serving as the data for statistical multiplexing to a multiplexer (4) via the same transmission channels as encoded video data and audio data are transmitted. The multiplexer (4) conducts multiplexing processing on data supplied from the respective encoding devices at a first rate R1 larger than a transmission rate on a transmission channel of a subsequent stage, and outputs a transport stream (TSd including the private packets to a statistical multiplexing computer.

Abstract: A device, a system, a method and a computer readable medium allowing a user to efficiently and easily add/remove or pair a processing device to a short distance wireless network is provided according to embodiments of the present invention. A user enters a PIN into a device. The device is then automatically paired to another device without any further user intervention to form a short distance wireless network in an embodiment of the present invention. A third party such as a manufacturer, reseller or telecommunication provider enables a processing device to be added to the short distance wireless network by generating a pairing message over the Internet or a SMS in an embodiment of the present invention. A user is able to know when a PIN code is invalid by a device performing error detection in another embodiment of the present invention. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the device also stores an error correction software component for correcting an erroneously inputted PIN.

Abstract: A network node (10) for switching digital information of different protocol types is described. A plurality of modules (12-x, 13-x, 14-x) are provided which are arranged in an input stage (12), a central stage (13) and an output stage (14). Each module (12-x) of the input stage (12) is connected to each module (13-x) of the central stage (13) and each module (13-x) of the central stage (13) is connected to each module (14-x) of the output stage (14). A standard interface (15) for all protocol types is in each case provided between the input stage (12) and the central stage (13) and between the central stage (13) and the output stage (14). Each of the modules (13-x) of the central stage (13) is designed for one protocol type. The interfaces (15) comprise means for forwarding information as a function of the protocol type to a module (13-x) of the central stage (13) adapted thereto.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for establishing and maintaining a backhaul link over an Internet Protocol based network for transporting Layer 3 ISDN messages. A signalling gateway establishes a TCP connection to a Media Gateway Controller through the IP based network. The Layer 3 ISDN messages generated within an ISDN network attached to the IP based network are then transported between the signalling gateway and the Media Gateway Controller over the TCP connection. The integrity of the TCP connection is monitored using a heartbeat mechanism based on UDP packets. Both the signalling gateway and the Media Gateway Controller transmit UDP packets at regular intervals, and monitor for the arrival of UDP packets from the other device. If a provisioned number of consecutive UDP packets do not arrive from the other device, then a failure of the backhaul link is declared. The signalling gateway then attempts to re-establish the backhaul link.

Abstract: In a PNNI routing computation system, each ATM exchange stores a plural types of weight values for computing route for each link and stores a type which a subscriber uses for routing. When PNNI routing is determined in response to call request of a subscriber, the exchange firstly selects possible routes from a call sending node to a call receiving node. Then the exchange determines which type of weight value the subscriber uses for routing by searching a storage in the exchange. Then, the exchange determines one route which total value of the weight values of links along the route is the minimum among the selected routes.

Abstract: A medium access control (MAC) protocol for controlling data communication in a multi-channel communication system (e.g., a wideband code division multiple access system). The protocol provides a procedure for transmitting, via a plurality of data links and control links, data packets between a first station (e.g., a base station) and one or more second stations (e.g., mobile stations). The protocol includes initial transmission of one or more data request packets each having a preamble code and a cyclic redundant code from the second stations to the first station, subsequent transmission of one or more channel assignment commands from the first station to one or more of the second stations based on the data request packets processed by the first station, and final transmission of one or more data packets from the one or more of the second stations to the first station based on the channel assignment commands.

Abstract: We disclose a method for reliable message delivery between three parties in a network of mobile devices. This method consists of augmenting the services provided by a Network Service Provider (NSP) or a similar entity with a method combining store-and-forward of messages and a token which is stored in the mobile computer. This token represents an identifier of the last point-of-presence used for connecting to the network and it is used for inquiring about previous requests. Thereby, guaranteeing delivery of requests in spite of lack of resources availability.

Abstract: An input interface segments a variable length packet into plurality of fixed length cells and generates an internal switching information based on the header information of the variable length packet. The input interface transmits the information to a switch and, after that, transmits the cells as the following cells of the information to the switch. The switch performs switching processing to the succeeding cells based on the information. Therefore, the information is not added to the cells. When an input interface starts to transmit cells generated from a packet to its destination output interface through the switch, the switch is reserved until all the cells arrive at the output interfaces.

Abstract: The method and arrangement according to the present invention relate to communication networks using ATM-(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) connections for data transmission, particularly ATM-connections adapted for transmission of, e.g., IP-packets. Transmission of IP-packets via an IP-link in an ATM-based communication network is done by a link function block that is implemented between IP-level and ATM-level. The function block includes selector for selecting an operative ATM-connection, which is assigned to said IP-link, monitor for monitoring the operability of selected ATM-connections and re-selector for reselecting a redundant ATM-connection if one of the assigned connections is detected to be inoperative.

Abstract: A method of broadcasting commercial FM services in a digital format in at least one bitstream comprises time-division multiplexing the bitstream(s) into one or more channels comprising a data frame, and frequency modulating the data frames around a single carrier frequency into a commercial FM broadcast signal. The modulation may comprise GMSK or 8-PSK, and multiple data frame types may be interleaved. The signal is transmitted on a commercial FM broadcast station such that substantially the entire spectrum of the transmission comprises the digital data frames. The bit rate(s) of the digital bitstream(s) may be monitored, and the bitstream(s) may be reallocated to channels in the data frames based on changes in the bit rate(s). Analog and digital formats may be broadcast simultaneously on non-adjacent commercial FM broadcast carrier channels. A receiver is operative to extract and decode content from a digital format FM broadcast signal.

Abstract: A low-speed subscriber extension type system interfaces with a switch link through a system backboard, receives a cell transmitted from the switch link, then multiplexes/demultiplexes the received cell through a UTOPIA interface after a switch link and ATM layer processing. A low-speed subscriber physical layer board transmits data, which is physical layer-processed in the low-speed subscriber board, to a low-speed subscriber, and serializes a cell transmitted from the low-speed subscriber board into a clock and data before transmission. Each low-speed extension board exchanges a cell with the low-speed multiplexing/demultiplexing board through a low-speed bus, performs physical layer processing on the cell of the corresponding board, and transmits a received cell to the corresponding subscriber through the low-speed extension physical layer board.

Abstract: A system and method for processing signals from at least two sources, using a receiver having a timer and a local code sequence, the method comprising, providing at least one signal channel divided into a plurality of sequential time slots processing said signal from a first of said two sources in a first time slot of the plurality of time slots to provide a first time slot signal, processing said signal from a second of said two sources in a second time slot of the plurality of time slots to provide a second time slot signal, processing said signal from said first of said two sources in a third time slot of the plurality of time slots to provide a third time slot signal, said first, second and third time slots occurring in sequential order, comparing said local code sequence to said signals in said first and third time slots by incrementing the local code sequence during the interval between said first and third time slots.

Abstract: A pipelined multiple issue architecture for a link layer or protocol layer packet switch, which processes packets independently and asynchronously, but reorders them into their original order, thus preserving the original incoming packet order. Each stage of the pipeline waits for the immediately previous stage to complete, thus causing the packet switch to be self-throttling and thus allowing differing protocols and features to use the same architecture, even if possibly requiring differing processing times. The multiple issue pipeline is scaleable to greater parallel issue of packets, and tunable to differing switch engine architectures, differing interface speeds and widths, and differing clock rates and buffer sizes.

Abstract: Information packets are routed through a distributed routing network by determining a forwarding equivalency class (FEC) for each subscriber unit accessing the network. The FEC to which each subscriber unit belongs is based on the point at which the subscriber unit accesses the network. The forwarding equivalency class for each subscriber unit is updated if the subscriber unit accesses the network at a different point. Information packets are routed from a distribution point by determining the next point connected to the distribution point based on the forwarding equivalency class for the destination subscriber unit specified in the packet.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for evaluating network traffic. By generating successive sets of weights relating to a performance surface using a variety of heuristic techniques, and then evaluating the weights using a piece-wise linear cost function, a number of performance minima can be found. By continuously searching the performance surface, a champion minimum can be extracted. Searching the performance surface can be quickly and efficiently accomplished using a variety functions such as an anti-cycling function, an impatience function, a dynamic graph technique and a diversity process.

Abstract: A cell transmission rate controller for use in providing constant bit rate services in an ATM or like network has a predictor for determining the payload size of the next cell, and a plurality of buffers for storing TDM data. A control circuit monitors the buffers and generates a trigger signal to produce a cell when sufficient TDM data has accumulated to fill the next cell.

Abstract: Provided are apparatuses and techniques for use by a first node on a network in determining the geographic location of a second node on the network. A data packet is received over the network from the second node, the data packet including a network identifier for the second node. Then, multiple probe packets addressed to the network identifier for the second node are sent, each of the probe packets being sent without waiting for a response from any previous probe packet.

Abstract: A gateway has a stack with a bearer adaptation layer and an HTTP client. The gateway may be connected by an HTTP link to an origin server and by a bearer interface to a mobile network. It may also be connected by an HTTP link to a WTA server. A context manager is a user on the stack and supports interfaces to allow access to external entities in a versatile manner. An event manager captures events including billing events and writes to an event log and to a billing log. A management entity provides overall control and sets configurations for the event manager.