Abstract: An electromagnetic valve actuator for a cylinder valve, including a pair of electromagnets including magnetic cores and coils serially connected and wound around the magnetic cores in the same direction. An armature is moveable against biasing forces of springs in one direction to open the cylinder valve and in the opposite direction to close the cylinder valve. A permanent magnet is prevented from being undesirably influenced by an opposing magnetic field relative to the permanent magnet.

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioner for use on an internal combustion engine provided with a timing mechanism including a wrapping connecting member extended in a timing mechanism chamber defined by an end wall of a cylinder block provided with a main gallery opening into the timing mechanism chamber, and a timing mechanism covering structure, to transmit the rotation of a crankshaft to a camshaft. The hydraulic tensioner exerts pressure to the wrapping connecting member in a direction substantially perpendicular to the running direction of the wrapping connecting member. The hydraulic tensioner comprises a shoe held in direct contact with the wrapping connecting member, and a hydraulic tensioning device for biasing the shoe toward the wrapping connecting member. The hydraulic tensioning device is disposed in the timing mechanism chamber so as to cover the open end of the main gallery.

Abstract: A valve operating control system for an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a cam switching type first valve operating characteristic changing mechanism, and a cam-phase changing type second valve operating characteristic changing mechanism, wherein the responsiveness and the reliability of the valve operating characteristic changing control can be guaranteed, while suppressing the capacity of an oil pump used commonly for both of the valve operating characteristic changing mechanisms.

Abstract: In a housing (1) for a switchable device for adjusting or compensating valve lash in an internal combustion engine, said housing being made as a one-piece component and comprising a sleeve-shaped inner guide (4) having a bore (7) for receiving an inner element which is contacted by a first, separate cam, said housing also comprising a cylindrical bottom portion (3) for making contact with at least one second, separate cam, and a circular cylindrical jacket (2) coaxially surrounding the inner guide (4), said inner guide comprising openings (6) for receiving locking pins which extend at right angles to the housing axis (5), according to the invention, the housing (1) is configured as a thin, drawn sheet metal part whose jacket (2) likewise comprises openings (8) which are aligned to the openings (6) of the inner guide (4). In this way, a light-weight housing is created which by joining with separate connection pieces forms a simple-to-manufacture base body for the device.

Abstract: A valve timing control apparatus for adjusting a rotational relation of a camshaft relative to a drive unit of an internal combustion engine, includes a clutch unit positioned between the drive unit and the camshaft and including first and second sections connected to the camshaft and movable relative to one another. A freewheel mechanism is placed between the first and second sections, whereby the first and second sections and the freewheel mechanism form each a clamping surface for interaction with confronting surfaces of the camshaft and the drive unit.

Abstract: A device for adjustment of the angular position of a shaft, preferably a camshaft of an internal combustion engine, relative to a driving wheel, comprising an adjusting device for adjustment of the angular position starting from a base position and comprising an arresting device for arresting the angular position in the base position is proposed. Between components (2, 3) capable of being respectively connected non-rotatably to the shaft and to the driving wheel, an interface (11) located eccentrically to the shaft and having a longitudinal extension running circumferentially of the shaft is provided.

Abstract: In a valve operating system for an internal combustion engine, a support shaft supporting a roller is fitted in a fitting bore of a rocker arm, and a pin fixed in the rocker arm engages with an engage groove provided on the outer surface of the support shaft so as to extend in a direction tangential to an imaginary circle about the axis of the support shaft, an insertion bore which extends in a straight line and connects to an inner surface of a fitting bore at a position corresponding to the engage groove of the support shaft is provided in the rocker arm and the pin engaging with the engage groove by being inserted into the insertion bore is engaged with the rocker arm by crimping at least one end of the pin with flat punches so as to be fixed in the rocker arm. The pin can thus be fixed effectively in the rocker arm while maintaining the rigidity of the rocker arm.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a housing with a plurality of bearing supports. Each bearing support has a substantially circular interior bearing surface. A segmented camshaft assembly includes at least two camshafts axially adjacent to each other to define at least one adjacent pair of camshafts. Each camshaft is rotatably carried by the housing and includes a plurality of cam lobes. The camshaft assembly also includes at least one connector assembly, with each connector assembly connecting an adjacent pair of camshafts together. Each connector assembly has an exterior bearing surface disposed within and rotatably carried by a corresponding interior bearing surface in the housing.

Abstract: A device (1) for the relative rotation of a camshaft (5) relative to a crankshaft which drives the camshaft, which is arranged on the drive-side end (4) of the camshaft (5) which projects into a chain bay (2) is provided and essentially consists of a hydraulic adjusting drive. The device (1) includes a structural component (6) affixed to the crankshaft and a structural component (7) connected to the camshaft so that it is rotationally fixed to it. Both structural parts can then be rotated or fixed relative to each other using a hydraulic pressure agent acting upon two pressure chambers (8, 9) that are constructed within the device (1). The pressure agent supply and return can be controlled by a hydraulic control component (12) arranged in a cavity (10) of an axial structural component (11) of the device (1) and activated by an adjusting element (14) attached to a housing part (13) of the chain bay (2).

Abstract: An electromagnetic apparatus for driving a valve such as an intake valve of an internal combustion engine drives the valve to its closing position without generating vibration and noises which are detrimental to durability and reliability of the valve. The valve speed is controlled either mechanically or electrically so that it is reduced to substantially zero when the valve sits on a valve seat. To mechanically control the valve speed, air or magnetic liquid is used as a cushion against the valve movement, or springs having a non-linear spring modulus such as a double-spring or a barrel spring are used to bias the valve movement. To electrically control the valve speed, an electrical signal representing the valve position is used to determine energization timing of the solenoids which drive the valve to an open or closing position. Such electrical signal is generated by an eddy current, resistance or spring load detector.

Abstract: A hydraulic apparatus for adjusting the timing of opening and closing of an engine valve includes a cam shaft driven to rotate in synchronization with the engine rotation. An actuator is installed on the cam shaft for changing the timing of opening and closing of an intake valve and/or exhaust valve using a control of a working oil supply. A slidable plunger is disposed in the actuator, and a rotor is disposed in the actuator to engage with the plunger by an engaging hole. A spring urges the plunger to move into the engaging hole to make an engagement therebetween when the engine is stopped, and when the engine begins to run, the working oil is supplied into the engaging hole to push out the plunger from the engaging hole to release the engagement between a housing of the actuator and the rotor. The engaging hole and the plunger have a surface parallel with a slide direction of the plunger, and a clearance therebetween is smaller than 0.17 mm when the engaging hole and plunger engage each other.

Abstract: A variable valve timing apparatus for engines. Included are a phase adjustor for adjusting the rotational phase of a camshaft relative to a crankshaft and a lift adjustor for axially moving the camshaft. The phase adjustor has a timing pulley rotated synchronously with the crankshaft and a housing fixed to the timing pulley. A vane rotor rotated synchronously with the camshaft is arranged in the housing to define a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber in the housing. Hydraulic fluid is delivered to the first and second pressure chambers through oil conduits to rotate the vane rotor with respect to the housing and change the rotational phase of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft. The oil conduits extend through the timing pulley. This prevents the axial movement of the camshaft from affecting the hydraulic pressure of the pressure chambers. Accordingly, the valve timing is varied accurately.

Abstract: A shoe housing 3 is connected to and rotatable together with an input shaft. A vane rotor 9 is connected to an output shaft and accommodated in shoe housing 3 so as to cause a rotation within a predetermined angle with respect to shoe housing 3. Vane rotor 9 and shoe housing 3 cooperatively define hydraulic chambers 10, 11, 12 and 13 whose volumes are variable in accordance with a rotational position of vane rotor 9 with respect to shoe housing 3. A locking member 7 is accommodated in vane rotor 9 and shiftable in a direction parallel to a rotational axis common to shoe housing 3 and vane rotor 9. And, an engaging bore 20, formed on a front plate 4 secured to shoe housing 3, receives locking member 7 through a tapered surface.

Abstract: Embodiments of valve operating mechanisms for operating the poppet valve of an internal combustion engine. Each embodiment includes a rotating cam member having a cam lobe surface engaged with a follower for actuating the poppet valve. The profile of the cam surface is such so that the absolute value of the jerk of the valve acceleration in the vicinity of maximum valve lift is smaller than the absolute value of the jerk of the valve in areas adjacent to the area of maximum valve lift. The load between the cam surface and the follower at the point of maximum lift is greater than the load during the time of at least one of the approach to maximum lift and the closing of the valve after the maximum lift because the tip of the nose of the cam has a greater effective radius than on the sides adjacent the tip. This reduces stress and permits greater engine speeds without valve float.

Abstract: In a valve drive system, a plurality of intake or exhaust valves are disposed radially in a cylinder, and the intake or exhaust valves each are driven by respective rocker arms supported for rotation on a cylinder head via a rocker pin and an intake or exhaust cam shaft having three-dimensional cams for engaging these rocker arms. A boss of the rocker arm is coupled to the rocker pin for tilting movement in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rocker pin. The rocker arm is tiltable with respect to the rocker pin to follow the three-dimensional cam surface. The cam surface can be in line contact with the sliding surface of the rocker arm throughout its circumference.

Abstract: A variable valve actuation apparatus incorporates a mechanism, mounted to a control shaft, to convert rotational motion of a camshaft into pivotal motion of a valve operating cam. The mechanism has different states corresponding to varying angular positions which the control shaft is adjustable to, respectively, The mechanism is continuously variable in state to one of the different states in response to a shift of the control shaft to one of the varying angular positions. The mechanism is also operative to vary the valve operating cam, in position, relative to the associated cylinder valve in response to a shift between the different states.

Abstract: A lost motion engine valve actuation system and method of actuating an engine valve are disclosed. The system may comprise a valve train element, pivoting bridge, an adjustable tappet, and a valve stem. The pivoting bridge may include a first end for contacting the adjustable tappet, a second end for contacting the valve stem and a pivot point between the first and second ends for contacting the valve train element. The amount of lost motion provided by the system may be selected by varying the position of the adjustable tappet relative to the pivoting bridge. Variation of the adjustable tappet position may be carried out by placing the adjustable tappet in hydraulic communication with a control trigger valve. Actuation of the trigger valve releases hydraulic fluid allowing for adjustment of the adjustable tappet position.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve actuator is disclosed.

Abstract: A combination of a cylinder valve of an internal-combustion engine with an electromagnetic assembly for operating the valve. The electromagnetic assembly includes an electromagnetic actuator having first and second electromagnets supported in a spaced relationship with respect to one another, an armature movable between the first and second electromagnets and connected to the valve for moving it between open and closed positions. The electromagnetic assembly further includes a first control device for energizing the electromagnets to cause a motion of the valve by electromagnetic forces generated by the first and second electromagnets; and first and second pressurizable resetting gas springs operatively coupled to the armature to oppose motions thereof caused by the electromagnetic forces generated by the first and second electromagnets, respectively. A pressure supply device supplies pressure to the first and second resetting gas springs.

Abstract: A method for controlling the current supply to an electromagnetic valve for operating a cylinder (gas exchange) valve (6 and 7) in a piston-type internal combustion engine, wherein the interior cylinder pressure is detected at least for determining the time "valve opens", and the detected pressure is supplied to the engine control device (14) as a measuring signal. Thereafter the respective actual time of switching off the retaining current at the retaining electromagnet (9, 10), on the one hand, and switching on the capturing current at the capturing electromagnet (9, 10) on the other hand, are corrected as a function of the detected interior cylinder pressure.