Abstract: An implantable cardiac monitor is arranged for detecting both arrhythmias and ischemia of the human heart. The monitor includes subcutaneous electrodes for establishing electrical contact with the heart and a sense amplifier coupled to each electrode for generating an electrocardiogram of a heart beat sensed at each of the electrodes. The electrocardiograms are digitized and the digital samples thereof are stored in a memory. A microprocessor processes the digital samples of the electrocardiograms and generates characterizing data indicative of the physiology of the heart. The cardiac monitor includes telemetry to permit the cardiac data to be interrogated externally of the patient for obtaining the generated cardiac data indicative of arrhythmic and ischemic episodes.

Abstract: A battery-powered medical treatment inductor coil generates a pulsed current inducing a magnetic field in the inductor coil for interaction with the patient's body. At the end of a pulse, the magnetic field collapses and an energy recovery circuit returns the energy in the collapsing field to the battery to reduce its average drain thus prolonging battery life.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for mechanical stimulation of nerves to evoke reflexive response, particularly sacral reflex latentency, comprises a hammer (30) having opposite distal and proximal ends. A normally open switch (36) with an extending switch arm (38 ) is mounted on the distal end of the handle (32) and positioned to close upon impact. The switch (36) is adapted for connection to an electromyograph. The switch (36) is preferably partially recessed within an enlargement (40) of the distal end of the handle (32). The switch (36) closes in response to tapping on the patient with the hammer (30) to effect manual stimulation and trigger recording of the reflexive response sensed via an electrode (26).

Abstract: Cardiac output, blood oxygen saturation, and oxygen consumption are measured using only two lumens of a catheter that has no interlumen crossover. Therefore this construction avoids costly techniques for modifying the catheter, as well as leakage risk at crossover points. Cardiac output is measured by thermodilution, and venous blood oxygen by optical scattering measurements through optic fibers; oxygen consumption is then claculable from the cardiac output and venous oxygen saturation--and independently measured arterial saturation. Cold-bolus injection uses on lumen. The thermal-sensor leads (electrical or otherwise) and optic fibers share the other lumen, through which they are drawn together: this method of installation effects yet a further economy by saving an expensive labor step, and tends to prevent the leads and fibers from damaging one another.