Abstract: A smoothing agent for the treatment of textile fiber material comprising (I) from 5 to 20% by weight of a higher fatty acid ester, (II) from 13 to 35% by weight of a paraffin, (III) from 1 to 10% by weight of a higher fatty acid amidopolyamine, (IV) from 0 to 5% by weight of higher fatty acid alkanolamides, (V) from 0 to 5% by weight of a quaternary ammonium salt, (VI) from 0 to 5% by weight of a nonionic ethoxylate, (VII) from 0 to 1% by weight of a protective colloid, (VIII) from 0 to 10% by weight of a water-immiscible organic solvent, (IX) from 1 to 10% by weight of a lower carboxylic acid or lower hydroxycarboxylic acid, and (X) the remainder to 100% by weight of water.

Abstract: An improvement in the machine washing of solid soiled materials comprising withdrawing and recycling the tap water in contact with said solid soiled materials through a water-insoluble cation exchange polymer in particulate state having a swelled average particle diameter in excess of 20 .mu. and having a calcium binding power of at least 2 mVal per gram, said polymers being maintained out of contact with said solid soiled materials, for such time until the water has a hardness of not more than 70 mg CaO/liter, then adding other soluble washing and cleaning compounds to said softened tap water and washing said solid materials while continuing the recycling of the wash solution through said cation exchange polymer.

Abstract: Liquid and solid compositions are provided for souring and imparting softness to freshly laundered textile materials. When in the form of a stable homogeneous liquid, the composition may contain (a) a quaternized fatty amide, an aqueous emulsion of partially oxidized polyethylene or a fatty amphoteric compound as the softening agent, (b) hydrofluorosilicic acid, ammonium silicofluoride, zinc silicofluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, potassium acid fluoride, or orthophosphoric acid as the souring agent, and (c) water. When in the form of a stable dry solid, the composition may contain (a) a quaternized fatty amide or fatty amphoteric compound as the softening agent, and (b) ammonium silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, sodium silicofluoride, zinc silicofluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, sodium acid fluoride or potassium acid fluoride. A method of preparing the liquid composition is provided which insures that it remains stable and homogeneous while awaiting use.

Abstract: Liquid and solid compositions are provided for souring and imparting softness to freshly laundered textile materials. When in the form of a stable homogeneous liquid, the composition may contain (a) a quaternized fatty amide, an aqueous emulsion of partially oxidized polyethylene or a fatty amphoteric compound as the softening agent, (b) hydrofluorosilicic acid, ammonium silicofluoride, zinc silicofluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, potassium acid fluoride, or orthophosphoric acid as the souring agent, and (c) water. When in the form of a stable dry solid, the composition may contain (a) a quaternized fatty amide or fatty amphoteric compound as the softening agent, and (b) ammonium silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, sodium silicofluoride, zinc silicofluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, sodium acid fluoride or potassium acid fluoride. A method of preparing the liquid composition is provided which insures that it remains stable and homogeneous while awaiting use.

Abstract: Stained textile fabrics, especially cotton-polyester, rayon-polyester blends stained in use with blood stains, can be reclaimed and returned to use by the process of washing and bleaching said fabrics in the presence of a non-ionic or anionic surface-active agent, together with an oxygen-releasing bleaching agent and a chlorine-releasing bleaching agent, said bleaching agents used either successively or simultaneously. The laundering process involves the use of aqueous solutions of bleaching agents at elevated temperatures and at high pH. The process of the invention provides a synergistic improvement in the removal of stains as compared with the use of either an oxygen-releasing bleaching agent or a chlorine-releasing bleaching agent. The process can include a hot aqueous acid sour treatment to remove rust stains and an aqueous sour to neutralize alkalies in the bleached fabric. The treatment can be completed in a period of time of about 30 to about 90 minutes.

Abstract: A stable concentrated fabric softening composition comprises an anti-gelling agent, a cationic softening agent, and the remainder being substantially water.

Abstract: Phosphoric acid esters, which are anionic anti-static agents, are incorporated into conventional cationic fabric softeners for addition to the rinse cycle of automatic home laundry machines or for the final rinse in an industrial fabric treating process. The static electricity accumulation of synthetic fabrics, especially nylon, is reduced to substantially the same degree as cotton and softening is enhanced. The compositions are preferably in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions or emulsions.

Abstract: An improved method for washing textiles comprising contacting soiled textiles with a foamed detergent solution, said solution containing from 10 to 5o gm per liter of a cleaning composition containing at least some non-ionic surface-active compounds, and being employed in a liquor ratio of 1:1 to 1:5, said detergent solution being foamed by air to a liter weight of 5 to 30 gm before contacting said soiled textiles, agitating said soiled textiles in the presence of said foamed detergent solution for at least 30 seconds, spinning off said foamed detergent solution under sufficient force to break said foam, and to extract said detergent solution, repeating the above steps at least five times, then rinsing said textiles and recovering cleaned textiles.

Abstract: Fabric softeners in the form of aqueous solutions or dispersions which contain as active ingredient one or several compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is long-chain alkyl, X and Y are hydrogen or methyl, X and Y not being methyl simultaneously, n is an integer of 1 to 20, R.sub.2 is lower alkyl and A is an anion.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an aromatic sulfonic anhydride of the formula RSO.sub.2 --O--SO.sub.2 R, wherein each R is an aromatic ring system selected from the class consisting of a phenyl group, taken together an o-phenylene group, a naphthyl group, taken together an o-naphthylene group and a heterocyclic group having 1 ring or 2 fused rings, said ring or rings containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the class consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, said groups optionally bearing 1 to 3 substituents selected from the class consisting of nitro, alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxamido of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, benzamido, chlorine and bromine. Aromatic is used herein in its modern sense to signify an organic ring system having aromatic character including both aromatic hydrocarbon and heterocyclic ring systems.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an N-sulfonylimidazole of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkoxy of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, carbonylmethoxy, nitro, an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical of the benzene and naphthalene series and a heterocyclic radical of 1 to 2 rings each containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur while taken together R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 can complete a benzene ring and R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon or heterocyclic radical as above defined for R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an aromatic sulfonyl fluoride of the formula ArSO.sub.2 F, wherein Ar is an aromatic ring system selected from the class consisting of a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and a heterocyclic group having 1 to 2 rings, each ring containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the class consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, said groups optionally bearing substituents selected from the class consisting of nitro, alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxamido of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, aliphatic acyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, benzamido, benzoyl, chlorine and bromine. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: Liquid and solid compositions are provided for souring and imparting softness to freshly laundered textile materials. When in the form of a stable homogeneous liquid, the composition may contain (a) a quaternized fatty amide, an aqueous emulsion of partially oxidized polyethylene, a fatty amphoteric compound, or a fatty amide as described hereinafter as the softening agent, (b) hydrofluorosilicic acid, ammonium silicofluoride, zinc silicofluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, potassium acid fluoride, or orthophosphoric acid as the souring agent, and (c) water. When in the form of a stable dry solid, the composition may contain (a) a quaternized fatty amide, a fatty amphoteric compound or a fatty amide as described hereinafter as the softening agent, and (b) ammonium silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, sodium silicofluoride, zinc silicofluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, sodium acid fluoride or potassium acid fluoride.

Abstract: A laundry article utilizing a water-insoluble substrate is disclosed. This article is added to the automatic washer, and is subsequently carried into the dryer with the fabrics in order to provide them with fabric softening and static-control benefits. By forming the laundry substrate articles such that the softening and static-control mixture penetrates into the substrate and extends above the substrate to a height of from about 1/32 inch to about 1/2 inch, improved softening and static-control performance can be attained and lower levels of softening and static-control actives may be used. A method for obtaining softening and static-control benefits, using these articles, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Textile fiber lubricants are disclosed comprising a major amount of (1) the reaction product of (a) at least one C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alcohol, or (b) at least one C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkylene oxide with (c) at least one C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkylene oxide, and a minor amount of a polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid.

Abstract: There are disclosed a phosphorus-containing polyester and size compositions especially useful for sizing spun and continuous filament yarn produced from hydrophobic fibers and useful in protecting these fibers from abrasion during the weaving process. When the size is used alone or in mixtures with conventional size agents such as starches and polyvinyl alcohol, improved adhesion is obtained to hydrophobic fibers or blends thereof with cotton or other hydrophilic fibers. Polyester, polypropylene and polyamide and other fibers are effectively sized with the size compositions of the invention. The polyester consists of a branched chain phosphorus-containing polymer which is the reaction product of at least one dicarboxylic reactant, at least one diol or polyoxyalkylene glycol and a phosphorus acid reactant selected from the class consisting of phosphorus pentoxide, phosphoric acid and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Melt spun yarns are treated with a finish which is an aqueous solution or dispersion containing an alkoxylated alcohol or thiol as the sole essential organic component thereof.

Abstract: Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds of the formula ##STR1## ARE PROVIDED, WHEREIN R is a succinimide, maleinimide, or phthalimide radical or a lactam radical containing 5 to 11 --(CH.sub.2)-- groups in the heterocyclic ring, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 and n is an integer from 1 to 24.These compounds are useful for finishing synthetic organic fibrous material, in particular for providing it with an antistatic finish and optionally improving the dirt repellency, optionally in admixture with polymers; said compounds or mixtures are applied to the fibrous material from aqueous or organic solutions or from emulsions, and subsequently dried at elevated temperature.

Abstract: Lubricants for synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon are disclosed which are improved oxidation stable polyoxyalkylene lubricant compounds. Such lubricant compounds can be used alone as textile fiber lubricants or in combination with other polyoxyalkylene compounds useful as fiber lubricants but which are subject to oxidative degradation under conditions of heating at temperatures at least above 200.degree. C. An improved textile fiber is produced by the use of such fiber lubricants in conventional processes for producing continuous filament, false twist, textured yarn as well as other type yarns.The improved oxidation stable homopolymer and copolymer, i.e.

Abstract: Washing process for textiles in an automatic washing machine, with application of active washing substances, structural substances and bleaching agents, involving loading of the textiles in the washing machine, adding water, agitating the textiles in the washing solution, pumping off the washing solution, and sequential rinse cycles, wherein the following active substances or combination of active substances are maintained in pumpable form in separate containers and added to the mixture in pumpable form before or during the washing process:1. Active washing substances,2. Structural substances,3. A stabilized bleaching agent, if required,4. A catalyst which accelerates the bleaching process, if required, and5. A soft rinse agent, if required. After loading of the textiles to be laundered, the water is added in the ratio of 1:4 to 1:30 of kg. dry textile to liters water, 0.5 to 3.5 g of active washing substances per liter washing mixture are added, 2 to 6.