Abstract: Limiting final conversion of monomer to polymer in a multiple stage, vinyl aromatic-rubber mass polymerization system to about 50 to about 89 percent produces a polymer with increased impact strength and decreases residence time, thereby increasing the production capacity of the system.

Abstract: A novel method is disclosed for the preparation of polyphenylene oxides by the oxidative coupling of phenolic monomers which is based on the use of a manganese-vinyl resin complex as a catalyst.

Abstract: A crystallizable vinylidene chloride polymer powder is recovered from a latex obtained by emulsion polymerizing in sequence (a) a first monomer mixture comprising a predominant amount of vinylidene chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated comonomer which is copolymerizable therewith, such as acrylonitrile; (b) a minor amount of a polyfunctional monomer for providing graft sites on the product of (a); and (c) a second monomer mixture which is predominantly acrylonitrile, the amount of the second monomer mixture being in the range of about 10 to about 25 percent of the weight of the first monomer mixture. The so-formed solvent is admixed with an acrylic polymer and a suitable solvent and then spun into fibers having improved flame-retardancy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the treatment of substantially amorphous polyolefins to provide permanently tacky, low viscosity materials which have useful pressure-sensitive adhesive properties. These permanently tacky amorphous polyolefin homo- and copolymers, as well as blends of such amorphous polyolefins with crystalline polyolefins containing up to 20 weight percent crystalline polyolefin, are novel pressure-sensitive adhesives.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a composition for use as a material for the outer layer of a golf ball, which composition is produced by the reaction of an ionomer resin with a monoepoxy compound. The golf ball having the outer layer of such composition can be driven for a long distance with a soft shot feeling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the method for the manufacture of graft copolymers by the polymerization of a monomeric mixture comprising at least one aromatic vinyl derivative monomer and at least one acrylic or methacrylic derivative monomer in the presence of a graftable monodimensional elastomer latex, comprising the steps of first carrying out the polymerization under aqueous emulsion polymerization conditions in the presence of an initial amount of a first monodimensional elastomer latex being the major portion of the latex entering into the composition of the graft copolymer until the xy/z ratio is greater than 30%; x being the total parts by weight of said monomers, y the conversion coefficient of said monomers expressed in percent of total amount, and z the total amount of elastomer expressed in parts by weight of dry solids, and thereafter adding the remaining amount of a second monodimensional elastomer latex and completing the polymerization reaction under suspension polymerization conditions.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of salts of hydroxycarboxylated polymers of reduced molecular weight, starting from the corresponding polymer salts of higher molecular weight, comprises reacting the polymer salt of higher molecular weight with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a solvent.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of a salt of a poly-alpha-hydroxyacrylic acid, which salt contains monomeric units of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and in which M represents the cationic radical resulting from the dissociation of a base, by reacting, with the base, in the presence of water, a solid polylactone derived from the corresponding poly-alpha-hydroxyacrylic acid, in which process the reaction is carried out in a liquid medium containing water and a diluent, the diluent being one which does not dissolve the polylactone and the salt produced and being present in an amount such that the polylactone and salt produced do not dissolve in the medium. In the process, an oxidizing agent is added to the liquid medium.

Abstract: Methotrexate can be reacted with cyclic copolymers of divinyl ether and maleic anhydride to prepare reaction products which are useful in retarding the growth of malignant tumors.

Abstract: Very desirable polyfunctional lithium containing polymerization initiators are prepared by reacting an adduct of an organo lithium compound and styrene with an organic compound containing at least two 1,1-diphenylethylene groups in the proportion of about two moles of the adduct to one mole of the organic compound. A difunctional lithium initiator is prepared thereby. The difunctional initiator may be reacted with styrene and subsequently an additional quantity of the diphenylethylene compound which in turn is reacted with the styrene-organo lithium adduct to form a trifunctional initiator. The process can be repeated to obtain an initiator having any desired degree of lithium functionality. Such initiators can be prepared in the absence of polar solvents and are very desirable for the polymerization of dienes such as butadiene to a desirable 1,4 configuration and preparation of block copolymers.

Abstract: A process for the production of polybutadiene having a high cis-1,4-content by the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene in an aliphatic solvent in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of(a) an organoaluminum compound,(b) water, and(c) a cobalt compound soluble in the aliphatic solvent,is improved by the combination wherein the 1,3-butadiene is polymerized at a temperature of 0.degree.-100.degree. C., the aliphatic solvent is hexane; the catalyst consists essentially of(a) diethylaluminum chloride,(b) water, and(c) cobalt octoate, cobalt naphthenate or a mixture thereof;and the catalyst components are added to a mixture of the 1,3-butadiene and the hydrocarbon solvent in the sequence of (a), then (b), and then (c), wherein the mixture is homogenized after addition of each catalyst component.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for providing in situ generated cyanic acid and simultaneously preparing certain carboxamides which have a tertiary aliphatic substituted ammonium or pyridinium group substituted on the alpha carbon atom.

Abstract: Insoluble cross-linked homopolymers of vinylpyrrolidone or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone are prepared by reaction of the soluble homopolymer or copolymer with certain acid chlorides at a temperature between 75.degree. C. and about 140.degree. C., to obtain a precipitate. Alternately, the insoluble product may be prepared by heating a partial amide chloride of a homopolymer or copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: In the production of 1,2-polybutadiene by contacting 1,3-butadiene with a catalyst composed of (A) a cobalt compound, (B) an organic phosphine compound, (C) trialkylaluminum and (D) water in an amount of 0.25 to 1.5 moles per mole of said trialkylaluminum, the addition of (E) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of allyl halides, alkyl-substituted allyl halides, benzyl halides, alkyl-substituted benzyl halides, and tertiary aliphatic halides to the reaction system enables the molecular weight of the objective 1,2-polybutadiene to be regulated to any desired value without causing any change in microstructure and degree of crystallization of the product and also without deteriorating so much the polymerization activity.

Abstract: A process for preparing a curable coating resin comprising the steps of hydrogenating selectively the double bonds of a resin produced from a five-membered cyclic compound such as dicyclopentadiene and an unsaturated hydroxyl group-containing compound such as allyl alcohol and then esterifying the thus hydrogenated hydroxyl group-containing resin with acrylic and/or methacrylic acid thereby to obtain a curable coating resin; and a curable coating resin obtained by said process.

Abstract: Alkali metal-terminated polymers of one or more alkadienes and of one or more vinyl-substituted aromatic monomers are effectively coupled by an anhydride of a monocarboxylic acid having 2 to 8 carbon atoms per molecule.

Abstract: The process and catalyst system disclosed herein comprises the polymerization of a conjugated diene such as 1,3-butadiene in hydrocarbon solution in the presence of a new catalyst composition comprising:(a) a dihydrocarbyl magnesium compound of 1-10 carbon atoms, preferably a dialkyl magnesium having 3-8 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, and(b) an alkali metal compound of the formula R(SM).sub.n, R'.sub.2 NM, R'NHM or RC.tbd.CM, wherein R is a hydrocarbyl radical of 1-10 carbon atoms, preferably alkyl, n is 1, 2 or 3, M is Li, Na or K, and R' is a hydrocarbyl radical of 1-10 carbon atoms or an acyl radical of 1-10 carbon atoms.This process is particularly advantageous in that the polymer product can be controlled to have only a relatively small amount of 1,2 structure in accordance with the polymerization temperature. For example, at 125.degree. C. with Li compounds, the product generally has a 1,2 content of 12.6% or less; at 50.degree. C., 10.6% or less; and at 25.degree. C., 7% or less.

Abstract: The defects (i.e., the slow vulcanization speeds and the mold corroding tendency) of a known curable composition comprising (1) a polychloroprene rubber and (2) a di- or tri-mercapto-s-triazine compound can be remedied by a novel composition comprising the known composition and (3) a specified polyalkylene polyamine. The novel composition comprises 100 parts by weight of (1), 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of (2) and 0.1 to 2 parts by weight of (3).

Abstract: The title compounds are of the formula P --O--R--.sub.n R').sub.mwherein:P is a polymer matrix of sufficient structure and molecular weight so as to be substantially water- and hydrocarbon-insoluble;R is --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--, ##STR1## --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O- or a combination thereof; R' is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl or inertly-substituted hydrocarbyl;n is an integer of 3 to about 40; andm is a real number such that the weight percent of --O--R--.sub.n R') groups is at least about 1 percent of the total weight of the compound.A representative example of these compounds is the reaction product of a poly(ethyleneglycol ether) having a weight average molecular weight of about 300 and a chloromethylated polystyrene resin. These polymer-supported poly (alkyleneglycol ethers) are useful phase-transfer catalysts for a wide variety of reactions, such as alkylation, displacement and carbene formation.

Abstract: Highly desirable organic liquid soluble multifunctional lithium containing initiators are prepared by reacting on organo lithium compound with an organic compound containing at least one group of the configuration 1,3-bis(1-phenylethenyl)benzene. Such initiators can be prepared in the absence of polar solvents and are very desirable for the polymerization of dienes such as butadiene to a desirable 1,4 configuration.