Abstract: A microscope comprising a data input means capable of putting in data on the magnifications and kinds of objectives, a detecting means for recognizing an objective inserted in a light path, a memory means capable of memorizing respective data relating to a plurality of objectives, electric driving controlling means capable of adjusting the brightness of illuminating light brightness, field stop, aperture stop and condenser lens and a central processing unit capable of reading out of the memory means the data optimum to the objective recognized by the detecting means and adjusting the brightness of illuminating light, field stop, aperture stop and condenser lens through the respective driving controlling means so as to be optimum to the objective inserted in the light path, to make it possible to automatically and positively adjust the brightness of illuminating light, field stop, aperture stop and condenser lens so as to be optimum for the objective inserted in the light path.

Abstract: A polarizing element comprising a transparent flat plate having at least two parallel surfaces, a polarizing separate layer provided on a portion of one parallel surface of the transparent flat plate and an optical reflecting material provided on a portion of the other parallel surface of the transparent flat plate.

Abstract: An optical element having the function of changing the cross-sectional intensity distribution of an incident light beam is comprised of a plurality of prisms. The optical element spatially combines a light beam having been amplitude-divided by an amplitude-dividing mirror provided on the joined surface of the prisms and a light beam having been totally reflected by a total-reflection mirror provided on the outermost one of the prisms to thereby change the cross-sectional intensity distribution of the light beam entering the optical element.

Abstract: A hand-held optical inspection device for checking, for example, the accuracy of the end surfaces of a fibre optic cable to be joined together. A body portion of the device is arranged to accept any of a range of adapter components capable of engaging in a variety of cable connector terminals. The cable and the adapter component are then snap-fitted into a centering ring of the inspection device with the end surface of the cable in the focussing plane of the lenses of the device. The surface may be inspected and may be moved laterally in the focussing plane by an eccentric cam arrangement operating on the centering ring.

Abstract: A ferroelectric switchable bandwidth filter device for operation at millimeter wavelengths applicable for use as a component in radar systems. Electrode pairs pulse switch fields reversibly to flip-flop the optic axes of the ferroelectric material in several stages of the device from one domain state to the other.

Abstract: A microscope wherein a plurality of objective lens barrels (25) are mounted to a disk (23) in such a manner that the axial lines thereof are in parallel with the center axis of the disk (23), the disk (23) is rotatably provided on the undersurface of an upper frame (12A) of the main body (12) in such a manner that the axial line thereof is in parallel with the optical axis (18) of the main body, a large diameter screw (50) having a recess (50B) is affixed to the top surface of the upper frame (12A) a three lens barrel (13) is rested on this large diameter screw (50) and fixed to the large diameter screw (50) through a clamp member (14), and further, rectangular prisms (60) and a roof prism (74) for making it possible to visually observe a non-inverted image are provided in the three lens barrel (13).

Abstract: A lens barrel provided therein with a hollow cylindrical permanent magnet having a permanent magnet portion for stepping drive and a magnet portion for brushless drive, a step driving coil and a brushless driving coil, and a focusing lens system axially moved by the rotary motion of the cylindrical permanent magnet. In case the amount of movement of the lens system required for bringing it to the focused position exceeds a determined value, the lens system is moved to a position corresponding to the determined value by the rotary motion of the brushless driving permanent magnet portion, and in case the above-mentioned amount is equal to or less than the determined value, the lens system is brought to the focused position by the rotary motion of the step driving permanent magnet portion.

Abstract: An acoustic resonant structure for use in a tunable acousto-optic filter to reduce drive power requirements. The undesirable ripples in the tuning bandpass response due to acoustic resonance is minimized by reducing the effective finesse of the filter.

Abstract: An acousto-optic diffraction and signal mixing device. A laser light beam is expanded and shaped into a sheet beam which is directed across the surface of an acousto-optic medium. Four acoustic transducers are disposed on the acousto-optic medium, two at each end of the medium. Each acoustic transducer is supplied with a signal to be propagated on the surface of the acousto-optic medium. The first two signals diffract the sheet beam to produce a first product diffracted beam of light containing the product of the first two signals. The second two signals diffract the sheet beam to produce a second product diffracted beam of light containing the product of the second two signals.

Abstract: An optical scanner for indicia arranged in a focal plane perpendicular to an optical system including a rotatable dove prism. The dove prism transmits a rotating image to a stationary photodiode array.

Abstract: A reflecting mirror for use as a rearview mirror in an automobile, the mirror having a plurality of thin layers arranged on a glass substratum plate. One of the layers is made so that it has an electric resistance, a pair of electrodes being connected thereto. An electric current is applied in order to generate heat to remove cloudiness or frost on the reflecting surface of the mirror. The mirror may also have a heat wave-reflecting layer for reflecting heat waves from the electric resistance layer.

Abstract: A 3 or more - dimensional optical processor for simultaneously processing ree or more parameters from a coherent emitter via an acoustic Bragg cell. For a 3-D processor, two separate antenna arrays (azimuth and elevation) are connected to excite two sets of acoustic transducer arrays on one edge of the Bragg cell. Multiplexing is achieved by the appropriate choice of the transducer array apertures. One transducer array set may have a narrow aperture to produce one wide first grating lobe pattern or a fraction thereof in a given focal plane (nonredundant imaging). The other transducer array set may have a wider transducer array aperture to produce a plurality of smaller second grating lobes within the first grating lobe pattern in the focal plane (redundant imaging). One coordinate axis of the focal plane represents the frequency of the emitter.

Abstract: There is disclosed a light source device in which first and second semiconductor lasers are disposed relative to a polarizing beam splitter so that the laser beam from the first is transmitted while that from the second is reflected by the beam splitter, and that the major and minor directions in the cross section of the first beam are respectively co-ordinated with those of the second beam. An optical element capable of rotating the plane of polarization of an incident beam by approximately 90.degree. is disposed between one of the semiconductor lasers and the polarizing beam splitter. In this manner the beams from the seconductor lasers can be guided, with respectively co-ordinated major and minor directions in the beam cross section, in the same direction without any decrease in the quantity of light.

Abstract: A stereoscopic microscope is provided with a single objective lens and a pair of eyepieces disposed rearwardly of the objective lens. A pair of interpupillary distance adjusting means and a pair of refraction type vergence adjusting means are disposed between the objective lens and the eyepieces.

Abstract: A light beam scanning apparatus comprises a rotatable plate provided with at least one plane diffraction grating, and a light beam source for emitting a light beam incident on the plane diffraction grating so that the plane of incidence is a plane in which the rotation axis of the rotatable plate lies. The light beam diffracted by the plane diffraction grating is reflected at least by use of a plane reflection surface normal to the plane of incidence, and guided again to the plane diffraction grating. The light beam diffracted again by the plane diffraction grating is focused by a focusing lens onto a scanning surface, whereby a bow-free scan line is formed on the scanning surface as the rotatable plate is rotated.

Abstract: An optical unit for use with interchangeable lenses is provided with a mounting and demounting device which includes a mount positioning member, a lock member for locking the mount positioning member at a retracted position, and a mount releasing member for retracting the mount positioning member to the non-projected position. The mount positioning member is urged to project and engageable with a positioning recess of an interchangeable lens. The locking member is provided with a detection means which causes the locking member to release the mount positioning member by detecting completion of mounting of an interchangeable lens on the optical unit.

Abstract: A near-anastigmatic compact collimator having three mirrors for use in a high performance telescope and other similar applications. The mirrors are all connected together to form a solid, compact and stable collimator which is rotationally symmetrical to an optical axis through the collimator.

Abstract: A compound eye optical system having a variable magnification function includes a first imaging element array having a plurality of imaging elements of the same focal length at an equal pitch, a second imaging element array having a plurality of imaging elements of the same focal length arranged at a pitch different from that of the first imaging element array, the second imaging element array disposed more adjacent to the image side than the first imaging element array, and means for varying the imaging magnification of a composite optical system comprising the first and second imaging element arrays.

Abstract: An optical logic apparatus includes a plurality of logic elements on a single passive, nonlinear Fabry-Perot etalon characterized by a shift in transmissivity in response to increased incident light, a source producing a probe beam having a first wavelength which does not significantly modify the index or refraction of the nonlinear medium, and a plurality of sources of input beams each representing a respective logic signal. The input beams all have a wavelength which significantly modifier the index of refraction of the nonlinear medium. The probe beams illuminate the surface of the etalon. The input beams are mapped by a lens onto the etalon, which produces a plurality of output beams each representing various logical functions of the input beams, which logical functions are determined by the frequency of the various probe beams. The output beams become input beams which are optically mapped, in combination with additional probe beams, onto a second etalon.

Abstract: A new binocular telescope with a central pivot shaft or pin has a first adjustment knob at the eyepiece end of the shaft for joint focusing of both telescopes, and a second adjustment knob at the objective end of the shaft for focusing an individual one of the telescopes, to provide a correction or compensation for defective vision of the user of the instrument. With the exception of the adjustment knobs, all mechanical and optical elements are contained within the telescope housing. The telescope is characterized, in particular, by a slight depth of the hinge shaft to the ascending outer shape of the housing.