Abstract: A switching element is formed by sequentially depositing on an insulating substrate a gate electrode, a gate insulating film made of an inorganic insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a channel protecting layer, an n.sup.+ Si layer that will form a source electrode and a drain electrode. Next, a metal layer and a transparent conductive film are formed on edges of the source electrode and the drain electrode. The insulating substrate on which the above films have been deposited is cleaned with vacuum ultraviolet light, before further depositing an interlayer insulating film and a pixel electrode. A substrate for use in a display element obtained in this manner exhibits an excellent adhesion strength between the film processed with vacuum ultraviolet light and a film adjacent to the film processed with vacuum ultraviolet light.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording sheet is disclosed, comprising a support having on at least one side thereof an ink receiving layer, wherein the ink receiving layer comprises a gelatin having an isoelectric point of 5.5 to 9.6 and a water-soluble cationic polymer.

Abstract: The application discloses a transparent, biaxially oriented polyester film having a base layer of at least 80% by weight which is composed of at least a thermoplastic polyester, and having at least one cover layer, wherein the cover layer is composed of a polymer or a mixture of polymers which comprises at least 40% by weight of ethylene 2,6-naphthalate units and optionally up to 60% by weight of ethylene terephthalate units and/or optionally units from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic diols, and/or optionally aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, with the proviso that the T.sub.g 2 value of the polyester film is above the T.sub.g 2 value of the base layer but below the T.sub.g 2 value of the cover layer. The film has low atmospheric oxygen transmission. It is particularly suitable for packaging applications, specifically for packaging foodstuffs and other consumable items.

Abstract: An improved optical glass fiber ribbon unit, having the capability of providing mid-span access to individual color-coated optical glass fibers contained therein, by application of finger pressure from a human hand, is provided. The ribbon unit is made of a plurality of coated optical glass fibers each further coated with a cured color-composition, and a matrix material which binds the plurality of color-coated optical glass fibers together. A bonding force between the cured color-composition and the coated optical glass fibers is greater than a bonding force between the cured color-composition and the matrix material. The matrix material has been selected or formulated to provide a modulus and Tg sufficiently high such that when opposing pressure is applied to the ribbon unit using the fingers of a human hand, the matrix material buckles and separates from the color-coated optical glass fibers instead of compressing and absorbing the opposing pressure.

Abstract: A process for preparing high strength carbon fiber from PAN-fiber wherein the time of the oxidation step is reduced from 30-90 minutes to about 8-15 minutes and product prepared therefrom.

Abstract: A multilayer sheet made of an outer layer comprising polyethylene, a finely granulated material and a pigment, a middle layer comprising polyethylene, which may contain a finely granulated material and a pigment, and an inner layer which contains a polyethylene and which may also contain a filler and a pigment. The multilayer sheet feels like and has at least some of the properties of paper.

Abstract: Composite yarn comprising an intimate mixture of glass filaments and thermoplastic filaments, wherein said composite yarn is coated with an aqueous sizing composition containing at least one additive in the form of a fatty acid ester; and the aqueous sizing composition per se.

Abstract: There are disclosed an apparatus and method for cleaning a precision substrate through use of high-frequency- or ultrasonic-applied cleaning liquid. An object substrate is horizontally held and rotated. High-frequency- or ultrasonic-applied cleaning liquid is jetted toward the surface of the object substrate from first cleaning liquid jetting unit disposed above the object substrate, and the nozzle of the first cleaning liquid jetting unit is moved in parallel with the surface of the object substrate. Cleaning liquid is also fed toward the central portion of the surface of the object substrate from cleaning liquid feed-to-center unit during cleaning. In the cleaning apparatus and method, a sufficiently high cleaning speed is attained.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous secondary coating compositions adapted to coat a sized fiber strand, the compositions including a urethane-containing polymer and a blend of a halogenated vinyl polymer and an elastomeric polymer. Another aspect of the present invention is a generally tubular assembly having a reinforcement coated with a primary layer of a sizing composition including a fiber lubricant which provides the assembly with an electrical resistance of greater than about 750 megaohms per 152.+-.13 millimeters of length of the assembly and a secondary layer including a halogenated vinyl homopolymer and a urethane-containing polymer. Another aspect of the present invention is a fiber strand formed from a thermoplastic or thermosetting material having a primary layer including a halogenated vinyl homopolymer and a urethane-containing polymer. The present invention also includes strands coated with the above-discussed coatings and polymeric composites and assemblies reinforced with the same.

Abstract: Method of bonding a polyurethane surface to a polyvinyl chloride or other polymer substrate containing surface moisture, particularly useful for making chip cards. A resin comprising a polyol and a diisocyanate is placed on the substrate, followed by pressing, in the presence of a tertiary amine catalyst able simultaneously to catalyze the reaction of the polyol with the diisocyanate to form a polyurethane network and the reaction of the surface moisture with the diisocyanate to convert water molecules into polyurea.

Abstract: Doped encapsulated semiconductor nanoparticles of a size (<100 .ANG.) which exhibit quantum effects. The nanoparticles are precipitated and coated with a surfactant by precipitation in an organometallic reaction. The luminescence of the particles may be increased by a further UV curing step.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant, light weight composite twisted rope rebar is disclosed for reinforcing concrete material, including providing a plurality of continuous glass fibers oriented substantially in the longitudinal axis and coated with a thermoset polyester resin and catalyst. In one aspect, the twisted rope rebar includes two or more bundles in a helical pitch of about two inches to six inches to form the twisted rope rebar.

Abstract: Electrographic recording elements suitable use as wallcoverings as disclosed. The element contains, in order: (a) a backside conductive layer; (b) a base; (c) a frontside conductive layer; and (d) a dielectric layer. The element has a wet shrinkage of less than about 2% in the machine direction and less than about 2%, preferably less than about 1%, in the cross-machine direction. In one embodiment the frontside conductive layer is a radiation cured conductive layer. In another embodiment the backside conductive layer is adhesive. In another embodiment the element additionally comprises a filled layer between the base and the frontside conductive layer.

Abstract: A composite sheathing material comprises a first layer of paperboard having a layer of a permeable resin on a surface thereof, a core layer of paperboard, a first adhesive layer positioned intermediate and adhered to the first layer of paperboard and the core layer of paperboard, said first adhesive layer comprising a controlled distribution of thicker and thinner adhesive portions, a second layer of paperboard having a second layer of a permeable resin on a surface thereof, and a second adhesive layer positioned intermediate and adhered to the second layer of paperboard and the core layer of paperboard, said second adhesive layer comprising a controlled distribution of thicker and thinner adhesive portions.

Abstract: Composites for actuating or sensing deformation. In embodiments, the composites have a series of flexible, elongated piezoelectric fibers arranged in a parallel array with adjacent fibers separated by relatively soft polymer. The piezoelectric fibers have a common poling direction transverse to their axial extension. The composite further includes flexible conductive material along the axial extension of the fibers for imposing or detecting an electric field.

Abstract: The present invention provides unified multilayer films having at least one internal layer that includes a pressure sensitive adhesive material. Preferably, multilayer films of the present invention are no greater than about 250 micrometers (.mu.m) thick. In particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention, multilayer films include layers that include a pressure sensitive adhesive material alternating with layers that include a material that is not a pressure sensitive adhesive. In other preferred embodiments, multilayer films include alternating layers of different pressure sensitive adhesive materials.

Abstract: Steel wire element for mixing into subsequently hardening soft materials includes hook-shaped ends and a middle portion the length/diameter ratio of which is between 20 and 100. The middle portion of the element displays a substantially circular cross section over essentially its entire length and the hook-shaped ends of the element are deformed by flattening.

Abstract: A multilayer film including multiple polymeric layers designed and made to enable the film to reflect light in the near infrared (IR) portion of the visible spectrum. Depending on the amount and range of red light that is reflected, the film of the present invention appears under certain conditions to exhibit a visible color, commonly cyan. The film appears to be substantially clear when viewed against a diffuse white background from approximately a zero degree observation angle, and appears to be cyan when viewed against that background from an observation angle that is greater than a predetermined shift angle.

Abstract: A multilayer, biaxially stretched, flexible, hermoplastic film having at least three (preferably five) layers (a), (b), and (c) with layer (b) disposed between layers (a) and (c), layers (a) and (c) each being a blend of at least 45% of a copolymer of ethylene and at least one C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 .alpha.-olefin, having a density of 0.900 g/cm.sup.3 to <0.915 g/cm.sup.3, and a melting point between 85.degree. C. and 125 .degree. C. with at least 5% of a high density polyethylene, and layer (b) being at least 45% of a copolymer of ethylene and at least one C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 .alpha.-olefin, having a density of 0.900 g/cm.sup.3 to <0.915 g/cm.sup.3, and a melting point of 85.degree. C.-125.degree. C., the film being 50.8 micrometers(.mu.) or less in thickness, and having a shrinkage value of at least 60% in at least one direction at 127.degree. C., and a process for making the film.

Abstract: A technique to prevent peeling of deposits formed on the surface of the inner walls of the thin-film formation apparatus and the members inside the apparatus and to suppress particle production without contamination of the inside of the apparatus. A member for a thin-film formation apparatus having inner walls and a method for manufacturing the member is provided. A plurality of unevenness is provided on at least a portion of the surface of the member and the inner walls on which unnecessary thin films are deposited. The surfaces are subjected to masking, and then, etching processing to form the plurality of unevenness. After the etching processing the masking is removed.