Abstract: A method of operating a solid oxide electrolyzer system includes providing a water inlet stream to at least one solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC), generating a wet hydrogen product stream from the at least one SOEC, providing the wet hydrogen product stream to at least one hydrogen pump, generating a compressed hydrogen product and an unpumped effluent in the at least one hydrogen pump, and recycling at least a portion of the unpumped effluent upstream of the at least one hydrogen pump.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an aqueous tin methanesulfonate solution by dissolving tin (II) oxide in an aqueous methanesulfonic acid solution, wherein if A is the number of moles of the tin (II) oxide and B is the number of moles of the methanesulfonic acid, the value of B/2A is within the range of from 1.0 to 1.4. This method for dissolving tin (II) oxide into an aqueous methanesulfonic acid solution is able to achieve a high tin ion concentration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of graphene from CO2 through electrolysis and exfoliation processes. One embodiment is a method for producing graphene comprising (i) performing electrolysis between an electrolysis anode and an electrolysis cathode in a molten carbonate electrolyte to generate carbon nanomaterial on the cathode, and (ii) electrochemically exfoliating the carbon nanomaterial from a second anode to produce graphene. The exfoliating step produces graphene in high yield than thicker, conventional graphite exfoliation reactions. CO2 can be the sole reactant used to produce the valuable product as graphene. This can incentivize utilization of CO2, and unlike alternative products made from CO2 such as carbon monoxide or other fuels such as methane, use of the graphene product does not release this greenhouse gas back into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A decoupled plating system is provided for producing lithium. In a general embodiment, the present disclosure provides a feed tank configured to supply a lithium-rich aqueous electrolyte stream, a plating tank that is configured to receive an organic electrolyte and plate out lithium metal from that organic electrolyte, and one or more lithium replenishment cells configured to receive both electrolytes, keep them separated, and selectively move lithium ions from the aqueous electrolyte into the spent organic electrolyte stream. The present system and process can advantageously reduce operating costs and/or improve energy efficiency in production of lithium metal and associated products.

Abstract: An object comprising a chromium-based coating on a substrate is disclosed, wherein the chromium is electroplated from an aqueous electroplating bath comprising trivalent chromium cations, wherein the chromium-based coating comprises 87-98 weight-% of chromium, 0.3-5 weight-% of carbon, and 0.1-11 weight-% of nickel and/or iron, and wherein the chromium-based coating has a Vickers microhardness value of 1000-2000 HV, and wherein the chromium-based coating does not contain chromium carbide. Further is disclosed a method for its production, and an aqueous electroplating bath.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of converting a carbon material to graphene, the method comprising the step of subjecting an amorphous carbon material pellet submerged in a molten inorganic material that comprises an alkaline earth halide to an electrochemical reaction in an inert atmosphere for a period of time, wherein the amorphous carbon material pellet is converted to a graphene pellet comprising graphene flakes by said reaction.

Abstract: An electrode of a chemical cell includes a substrate having a surface, an array of conductive projections supported by the substrate and extending outward from the surface of the substrate, each conductive projection of the array of conductive projections having a semiconductor composition for reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the chemical cell, and a catalyst arrangement disposed along each conductive projection of the array of conductive projections, the catalyst arrangement including a copper-based catalyst and an iron-based catalyst for the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the chemical cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of graphene from CO2 through electrolysis and exfoliation processes. One embodiment is a method for producing graphene comprising (i) performing electrolysis between an electrolysis anode and an electrolysis cathode in a molten carbonate electrolyte to generate carbon nanomaterial on the cathode, and (ii) electrochemically exfoliating the carbon nanomaterial from a second anode to produce graphene. The exfoliating step produces graphene in high yield than thicker, conventional graphite exfoliation reactions. CO2 can be the sole reactant used to produce the valuable product as graphene. This can incentivize utilization of CO2, and unlike alternative products made from CO2 such as carbon monoxide or other fuels such as methane, use of the graphene product does not release this greenhouse gas back into the atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a device and method for preventing copper plating of a conductor roll in the technical field of manufacturing of copper electroplating films. A conductor roll and an electroplating anode are respectively connected to the negative output end and the positive output end of a first power source, the conductor roll and the electroplating anode electroplate a plating product flowing through plating pool bath after being electrified, and the conductor roll is connected to the positive output end of a second power source and mated with an auxiliary electrode connected to the negative output end of the second power source to realize the electrolysis of the conductor roll so that the conductor roll avoids copper deposition when electroplating the plating product.

Abstract: A method for preparing a COF-protected electrode and an electrode are provided. The method includes mixing an organic framework, a small molecular organic acid and a solvent, adding a polar aqueous solution containing a substrate thereto, mixing the above uniformly and heating the system at a low temperature under an inert atmosphere, filtering the solution to obtain precipitates, washing and drying the precipitates to obtain a COF film grown on a surface of the substrate; coating a protective layer on the COF film to obtain a substrate/COF/protective layer film; etching off the substrate to obtain a COF/protective layer film; and transferring the COF/protective layer film to a surface of the electrode, and removing the protective layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus and method for customizing a H2/CO synthetic gas in a desired ratio by producing a synthetic gas in which H2 and CO are mixed through hydrolysis of both carbon dioxide and a nitrogen compound with low power. In a low-power electrochemical apparatus for producing a synthetic gas according to the present invention, by performing the reduction of the carbon dioxide at the cathode and the oxidation of the nitrogen compound at the anode at the same time, carbon dioxide conversion efficiency may be improved 30% or more compared to the conventional carbon dioxide conversion system, and a synthetic gas with a desired H2/CO ratio may be produced by controlling the H2/CO ratio of the produced synthetic gas, and by reducing a driving voltage, the corrosion problem of electrode materials may be inhibited and the durability of electrodes may be increased.

Abstract: A copper or copper alloy electroplating bath has two or more electrolytes. The two or more electrolytes include at least one selected from nitric acid and a nitrate. The two or more electrolytes can form electrodeposits, such as a group of high-aspect bump electrodes, that have a uniform height or thickness at high speed.

Abstract: This application provides a copper plating solution for a composite current collector, including a leveling agent represented by a general formula (1) where an anion X is F?, Cl?, or Br?; R1, R2, and R3 are each independently selected from O or S; and R4, R5, and R6 are each independently selected from hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted vinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.

Abstract: Provided is a tungsten electrode for molten salt electrolysis for rare earth metals preparation, including an open tungsten shell and a copper alloy body; wherein the copper alloy body is arranged inside the open tungsten shell; a tungsten buffer layer is provided between a side wall of the copper alloy body and the open tungsten shell; and a bottom of the copper alloy body is in contact with an inner bottom of the open tungsten shell.

Abstract: A redox-active compound is disclosed that is the reaction product of an electron-withdrawing monomer, a cross-linker, and a redox-active moiety. The cross-linker may be connected to the redox-active moiety through the electron-withdrawing functional group. The redox-active compound has a reduced form and an oxidized form and neither the reduced form nor the oxidized form is decomposed by oxygen. The redox-active compound may be used to create a pH gradient in a fluid stream. A redox-active composition may include the redox-active compound, a binder, and a current collector. The redox-active composition may be part of a membraneless electrochemical cell.

Abstract: In a plating method for mounting a tubular workpiece having openings at both ends in an axial direction thereof on a power feeding clip and immersing the tubular workpiece in a circulated plating solution to plate the tubular workpiece, the mounting of the tubular workpiece on the power feeding clip is performed by inserting the power feeding clip into the tubular workpiece from one of the openings of the tubular workpiece. The power feeding clip is configured by a folded metal plate, and includes a plurality of elastic contact pieces that can elastically contact the inner surface of the tubular workpiece to hold the tubular workpiece and supply power to the tubular workpiece, and a restraining part that is located inside the tubular workpiece and restrains flow of the plating solution in the axial direction.

Abstract: A terminal material having a base material in which at least a surface is made of Cu or Cu alloy; an Ni layer with at thickness of 0.1 ?m to 1.0 ?m inclusive on the base material; a Cu—Sn intermetallic compound layer with a thickness of 0.2 ?m to 2.5 ?m inclusive on the Ni layer; and an Sn layer with a thickness of 0.5 ?m to 3.0 ?m inclusive on the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound layer, when cross sections of the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound layer and the Sn layer are analyzed by the EBSD method with a measuring step 0.1 ?m and a boundary in which misorientation between adjacent pixels is 2° or more is deemed to be a crystal boundary, an average crystal grain size Dc of the Cu—Sn intermetallic compound layer is 0.5 ?m or more, and a grain size ratio Ds/Dc is five or less.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a pure-H2O-fed membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) electrolysis system for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECO2R) to ethylene (C2H4) and C2+ compounds under an industrial applicable continuous flow condition with at least 1000-hour lifetime, and fabrication method thereof.

Abstract: Providing a terminal material for connectors provided with a base material in which at least a surface layer is made of copper or copper alloy, a nickel-plating layer made of nickel or nickel alloy coating a surface of the base material, and a silver-nickel alloy plating layer formed on at least a part of the nickel-plating layer, the silver-nickel alloy plating layer having a film thickness of 0.5 ?m to 20 ?m inclusive, a nickel content of 0.03 at % to 1.20 at % inclusive, and an average crystal grain size of 10 nm to 150 nm inclusive, to improve abrasion resistance and heat resistance.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the electrochemical conversion of CO2 and provides the use of Gas Diffusion Electrode with an aprotic solvent in such conversion of CO2 as well as an electrochemical cell for use in such conversion. The application and electrochemical cell as herein provided are particularly useful in the conversion of CO2 into oxalate/oxalic acid.