Abstract: Examples of a system and methods for quantifying patient improvement via artificial intelligence are disclosed. In general, via at least one processing element, a machine learning model such as a Siamese neural network is trained in view of a cost function to learn on average a maximum difference in outcomes between a patient at different points in time. Given the architecture of the neural network, a plurality of outcome measures generated for a given point in time can be condensed into a single score.

Abstract: A trash can assembly positionable upon a surface is provided. The assembly comprises a trash bag restable on a base having a back edge and a front edge. A back wail extends from the base and has a first and second back connection edges. A door is provided having first and second door connection edges. The first door connection edge is liingedly connected to the first back connection edge and closable to completely encase the trash bag between the back wall and the closed door. Upon the door being in the closed position, the distance of the first and second door connection edges to the back edge of the base is less than the distance of the first and second back connection edges to the front edge of the base. The trash bag is completely contained within the assembly and removable upon opening of the door.

Abstract: An optical waveguide fiber or body having a doped outer region which can be utilized in an optical coupler, a preform which can serve as the precursor for the fiber, an optical coupler, and methods of making same. Water, for example in the form of H2O and/or D2O, may be added to the cladding of the optical waveguide fiber or body.