Abstract: Method and apparatus for in vivo or in vitro sensing of complex dielectric properties of lossy dielectric materials, particularly biological tissue. Configured as a needle-like dielectric sensor, a coaxial cable (1) having a circumferential gap (12) in the shield (2) is wrapped with an electrically thin dielectric substrate (18). The cable center conductor (6) extends immediately past gap (12) and is shorted to cable shield (2). A thin conductive dipole resonator (16) is positioned on substrate (18) and over feed gap (12) to achieve inductive coupling between the cable center conductor (6) and the dipole resonator (16) through gap (12). Superstrate (22), which could be a dielectric catheter, covers the entire sensor assembly (10). By measurement of the resonator resonant frequency and the input impedance matching factor at the resonant frequency, the real and imaginary dielectric components (.epsilon.', .epsilon.") of the test material into which the sensor is inserted are determined.

Abstract: Copolymers of fluoroethylenes and masked phenols of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,which may be further ring substituted and in which X is OY or ##STR2## Y is Si(R.sup.3).sub.3, ##STR3## R.sup.3 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl.

Abstract: A process for preparing fluorine-containing ethane derivatives using hydrogen fluoride and a catalytically active formulation comprising a tantalum fluorosulfonate compound or a niobium fluorosulfonate compound is described. The process is particularly suitable for preparing ethane derivatives which contain a CF.sub.3 group, for example for preparing C.sub.3 CHCl.sub.2 (R123) from perchloroethylene.

Abstract: Indophenol dyes of the formula ##STR1## where X is nitrogen or the radical CH,Q is a five-membered heterocyclic radical, andK is a radical of an aniline, aminonaphthalene, aminoquinoline or aminothiazole derivative, andthe radical A can be benzofused,are useful for thermal transfer processes.

Abstract: An inflatable protective system provides cushioning and containment for the head, thorax, and pelvis of an occupant of a vehicle during side impact of the vehicle by another object. The system includes an inflatable bag that is attached to a mounting plate, which extends over the lower section of a side panel assembly of the vehicle. The inflatable bag includes an upper portion foldable into a stowed position facing the occupant's thorax when seated on the seat. A deployment envelope including at least one sheet of bearing material and at least one sheet of friction reducing material is sandwiched between the bag and a cushioning panel, which is detachably connected to an inner side of the side panel assembly, to enhance the smooth deployment of the bag.

Abstract: A needled press felt for dewatering of cellulose pulp in a paper making machine consists of a multi layer base fabric having longitudinal and transversal threads. In order to improve the dewatering capability of the press felt and making it easy to assemble, the dewatering side of the press felt consists of layer of coarse yarn (3), which has a weight per unit of length, which is at least twice as great as the one of the remaining parallel yarns (1, 2) of the base fabric. Further a seam which can be opened is arranged transversally to the running direction of the felt in the paper making machine.

Abstract: A fuse having a protective jacket is utilized, for example, in petroleum exploration at large depths where the fuse must withstand high temperatures and pressures. The jacket is produced from a shrinkable hose that is shrink-fitted onto the unfinished cord which latter contains an explosive. The hose consists preferably of radiation-crosslinked polyethylene. The use of a shrink-fitted hose eliminates long preparation and curing times for the synthetic resin jacket. The process temperatures required during heat shrinking are no threat to the safety against ignition of the explosive. It is possible in accordance with the process to manufacture, in particular, fuses for high pressures and high ambient temperatures, without any problems.

Abstract: An apparatus for pneumatically discharging a liquified building material includes a first source of liquid hardener and injection means for injecting the liquid hardener perpendicularly into the air-entrained building material at the discharge nozzle. The liquid hardener may be supplied through an atomizer and injected through openings that are enlarged. A second source of liquid hardener may be provided to supply a second hardener mixed with the airstream that entrains the building material. A flexible tubing may be provided between the aeration fitting and discharge nozzle to require that only the discharge nozzle be lifted by the operator.

Abstract: In a double belt press, in which the steel belts are supported on the back by rollers, inherent compressive stress occurs on the side of the steel belts of a double belt press that are supported on the back by rollers, resulting in an undesirable bowl-shaped deformation of the steel belts. In order to avoid this deformation, at least the side of the steel belts which faces away from the rollers is subjected to treatment by shot blasting before being installed in the double belt press.

Abstract: There is disclosed a switch matrix and operational method relying upon a high degree of operational logic at each matrix crosspoint. In one embodiment, the switch is used in a multiprocessor system arranged as an image and graphics processor. The processor is structured with several individual processors all having communication links to several memories without restriction. The switch matrix serves to establish the processor memory links and the entire image processor, including the individual processors, the crossbar switch and the memories and is contained on a single silicon substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to new nucleating agents for the preparation of directly gassed thermoplastic foams. The new agents comprise a combination of citric acid, the salts or esters thereof and carbonate or bicarbonate and talc.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a sweep oscillator and a spectrum analyzer containing the sweep oscillator having a precisely determined center frequency includes a sweep circuit having a sawtooth waveform, a reference oscillator, a microprocessor controller and a modified phase-locked loop. The modified phase-locked loop further includes a control signal summer, a voltage controlled oscillator coupled to the control signal summer, a sweep oscillator output, and a sample and hold circuit including a switching circuit.

Abstract: A low contamination double bellows pump suitable for providing relatively constant pressure and delivery. The illustrated pump includes two pumping chambers with bellows arranged in opposed relationship on opposite sides of a central section. The central section acts as a valve body for inlet and outlet valves. The bellows are provided with interior bellows tubes which connect to the free ends of the bellows and slide upon stationary support pistons mounted within each tube. Bellows tube head pieces slide upon piston rods which support the pistons. Pneumatic pressure is controllably supplied to opposing sides of the pistons within the bellows tubes to power the bellows and effect pumping.

Abstract: Phthalic anhydride is prepared in a multiple tube reactor provided with separate salt baths, the temperature of the salt bath used for cooling the first layer of catalyst, as regarded in the direction of flow of the reaction mixture, being from 2.degree. to 20.degree. C. higher than that of the salt bath(s) associated with the following layer(s).

Abstract: A process for processing polymers of the ABS type present in emulsion form and effectively stabilized against oxidative attack with optionally continuous recovery and direct reuse of untreated monomers, wherein a combination of at least one phenolic antioxidant having a molecular weight above 300 without ester groups in the molecule and at least one sulfur-containing co-stabilizer having a molecular weight above 500 without ester groups in the molecule is added to the ABS polymer emulsion for stabilization against oxidative degradation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus which facilitate separation of a gas turbofan powerplant into modules for shipping, maintenance and repair is disclosed. Various construction details are developed which provide means for mounting a fan cowling to an engine core in a manner which permits transference of operational loads from the fan cowling to the engine core and separation of the fan cowling from the engine core. In one embodiment, a fan cowling (46) is attached to an engine core (18) by a plurality of radially extending through struts (64). The through struts include a bolted joint (72) which permits separation of a powerplant (12) into a first module and a second module. For this embodiment, a method for varying between an assembled and disassembled condition is comprised of manipulating the joints between an engaged and disengaged position and axially moving the separate modules along a longitudinal centerline (14).

Abstract: A plastic conveyor belt, formed of plastic modules having rows of first and second projections extending in opposite directions, is adapted to optionally receive one or more rollers for reducing backline pressure on the belt. The rollers are positioned directly on the connecting rods which extend transversely through the belt, by occupying positions where projections in a row of projections would otherwise occur. A module having one or more of such openings or voids may be a part of a set of component modules, some having voids for receiving rollers and some not having such voids. A belt may be formed of mixtures of said modules, with or without any rollers on the belt. In one preferred embodiment the modules are for a radius type conveyor, with the second projections having elongated, slotted openings to allow the modules to angularly collapse together at curves.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride surfaces receive a well-adhering, water and ethanol resistant coating with good plasticizer sealing effect by varnishing with an aqueous dispersion of (meth)acrylate polymers that are synthesized from 10 to 90% by weight acrylic and/or methacrylic acid alkyl or cycloalkyl esters with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the ester group, 90 to 10% by weight acrylic and/or methacrylic acid esters with aromatic groups constituting or contained in the ester group, and small quantities of other monomers. The copolymers are preferably emulsion polymerized and may be synthesized as multiple-phase polymers according to the core-shell model.

Abstract: Nonhydrolyzed copolymers of(a) from 99 to 1 mol % of N-vinylformamide and(b) from 1 to 99 mol % of one or more water-soluble dialkylaminoalkylacrylamides in the form of the salts or quaternized products or a dialkylammonium compoundare used as agents for the treatment of wastewaters and sludges.

Abstract: Magnetic confinement of electrons in a plasma reactor is effected using electro-magnetic coils and other magnets which generate respective magnetic fields which are mutually opposed and substantially orthogonal on their common axis to the major plane of a wafer being processed, instead of being aligned and parallel to the major plane as in prior magnetically enhanced plasma reactors. The respective magnetic fields combine to yield a net magnetic field which is nearly parallel to the wafer away from the magnetic axis so that electrons are confined in the usual manner. In addition, a magnetic mirror provides confinement near the magnetic axis. The E.times.B cross product defines a circumferential drift velocity urging electrons about a closed path about the magnetic axis.