Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for voice activity detection. An audio signal is received by receiver circuitry. A pitch analysis is performed on the received audio signal by pitch analysis circuitry. A higher-order statistics analysis is performed on the audio signal by statistics analysis circuitry. Logic circuitry determines, based on the pitch analysis and the higher-order statistics analysis, whether the audio signal includes a voice region. The logic circuitry outputs a signal indicating that the audio signal includes voice if the audio signal was determined to include a voice region or indicating that the audio signal does not include voice if the audio signal was determined not to include a voice region.

Abstract: Geologic modeling methods and systems disclosed herein employ an improved simulation gridding technique that optimizes simulation efficiency by balancing the computational burdens associated with remeshing against the performance benefits of doing so. One method embodiment includes: (a) obtaining a geologic model representing a subsurface region as a mesh of cells, at least some of the cells in the mesh having one or more interfaces representing boundaries of subsurface structures including at least one fracture; (b) determining a fracture extension to the at least one fracture; (c) evaluating whether the fracture extension is collocated with, or is proximate to, an existing cell interface, and using the existing cell interface if appropriate or creating a new cell interface if not; and (d) outputting the updated version of the geologic model.

Abstract: Geologic modeling methods and systems disclosed herein employ an improved simulation gridding technique that optimizes simulation efficiency by balancing the computational burdens associated with remeshing against the performance benefits of doing so. One method embodiment includes: (a) obtaining a geologic model representing a subsurface region as a mesh of cells, at least some of the cells in the mesh having one or more interfaces representing boundaries of subsurface structures including at least one fracture; (b) determining a fracture extension to the at least one fracture; (c) evaluating whether the fracture extension is collocated with, or is proximate to, an existing cell interface, and using the existing cell interface if appropriate or creating a new cell interface if not; and (d) outputting the updated version of the geologic model.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for voice activity detection. An audio signal is received by receiver circuitry. A pitch analysis is performed on the received audio signal by pitch analysis circuitry. A higher-order statistics analysis is performed on the audio signal by statistics analysis circuitry. Logic circuitry determines, based on the pitch analysis and the higher-order statistics analysis, whether the audio signal includes a voice region. The logic circuitry outputs a signal indicating that the audio signal includes voice if the audio signal was determined to include a voice region or indicating that the audio signal does not include voice if the audio signal was determined not to include a voice region.

Abstract: Systems and methods for material singulation. According to some embodiments, methods for material singulation may include applying a first laser output to the material, the first laser output causing a modification of a material property of the material when exposed to the first laser output; and applying a second laser output to the material that was exposed to the first laser output to cause singulation of the material in such a way that surfaces created by the singulation of the material are substantially free from defects.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a plurality of microphones, each pair of microphones in the plurality of microphones being a respective distance from one another. The electronic device also includes a beamformer functional block that receives audio signals from each of the microphones. The beamformer functional block detects a dominant microphone from among the plurality of microphones based on the audio signals from each of the microphones and the distances between the microphones, the dominant microphone being in a closest direction to a source of desired audio. The beamformer functional block also detects interfering audio signals based on phase coherence between audio signals from the dominant microphone and audio signals from other microphones in the plurality of microphones. The beamformer functional block generates a beamformed audio output signal based on the audio signals and the interfering audio signals from each of the microphones.

Abstract: Methods of and devices for forming edge chamfers and through holes and slots on a material that is machined using a laser, such as an ultrafast laser. The shaped material has predetermined and highly controllable geometric shape and/or surface morphology. Further, a method of and a device for preventing re-deposition of the particles on a material that is machined using a laser, such as an ultrafast laser. A fluid is used to wash off the particles generated during the laser machining process. The fluid can be in a non-neutral condition, with one or more chemical salts added, or a condition allowing the coagulation of the particles in the fluid, such that the particles can be precipitated to avoid the reattachment to the machined substrate.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus and method for retrieving a song, and a storage medium. The electronic apparatus includes: a storage unit which stores a plurality of songs; a user input unit which receives a hummed query which is inputted for retrieving a song; and a song retrieving unit which retrieves a song based on the hummed query from among the plurality of stored songs when the hummed query is received. The song retrieving unit extracts a pitch and a duration of the hummed query, converts each of the extracted pitch and duration into multi-level symbols, calculates a string edit distance between the hummed query and one of the plurality of songs based on the symbols, and determines a similarity between the hummed query and a song based on edit operations which are performed within the calculated string edit distance.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing, selectively ablating, and singulating layered materials. According to some embodiments, methods for selectively ablating a layered material may include selectively varying a wavelength of at least a portion of a primary ultrafast laser beam to create a secondary ultrafast laser beam with a second wavelength, the primary ultrafast laser beam being configured to ablate a layer of the layered material, the secondary ultrafast laser beam being configured to ablate an additional layer of the layered material and applying the first and second ultrafast laser beams to the layered material to create a singulated product.

Abstract: Systems and methods for laser based processing of layered materials. Methods may include selectively adjusting ultrafast laser output of an ultrafast laser device based upon one or more physical attributes of a layer of the layered material, applying the ultrafast laser output of the ultrafast laser device to the layer of the layered material along a tool path to ablate the layer along the tool path, and then re-executing the steps to ablate one or more additional layers, the re-execution occurring for each distinct layer of the layered material that is to be ablated.

Abstract: Methods of and devices for forming edge chamfers and through holes and slots on a material that is machined using a laser, such as an ultrafast laser. The shaped material has predetermined and highly controllable geometric shape and/or surface morphology. Further, a method of and a device for preventing re-deposition of the particles on a material that is machined using a laser, such as an ultrafast laser. A fluid is used to wash off the particles generated during the laser machining process. The fluid can be in a non-neutral condition, with one or more chemical salts added, or a condition allowing the coagulation of the particles in the fluid, such that the particles can be precipitated to avoid the reattachment to the machined substrate.

Abstract: The method of and device for cutting brittle materials with tailored edge shape and roughness are disclosed. The methods can include directing one or more tools to a portion of brittle material causing separation of the material into two or more portions, where the as-cut edge has a predetermined and controllable geometric shape and/or surface morphology. The one or more tools can comprise energy (e.g., a femtosecond laser beam or acoustic beam) delivered to the material without making a physical contact.

Abstract: Systems and methods for material singulation. According to some embodiments, methods for material singulation may include applying a first laser output to the material, the first laser output causing a modification of a material property of the material when exposed to the first laser output; and applying a second laser output to the material that was exposed to the first laser output to cause singulation of the material in such a way that surfaces created by the singulation of the material are substantially free from defects.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus and method for retrieving a song, and a storage medium. The electronic apparatus includes: a storage unit which stores a plurality of songs; a user input unit which receives a hummed query which is inputted for retrieving a song; and a song retrieving unit which retrieves a song based on the hummed query from among the plurality of stored songs when the hummed query is received. The song retrieving unit extracts a pitch and a duration of the hummed query, converts each of the extracted pitch and duration into multi-level symbols, calculates a string edit distance between the hummed query and one of the plurality of songs based on the symbols, and determines a similarity between the hummed query and a song based on edit operations which are performed within the calculated string edit distance.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing, selectively ablating, and singulating layered materials. According to some embodiments, methods for selectively ablating a layered material may include selectively varying a wavelength of at least a portion of a primary ultrafast laser beam to create a secondary ultrafast laser beam with a second wavelength, the primary ultrafast laser beam being configured to ablate a layer of the layered material, the secondary ultrafast laser beam being configured to ablate an additional layer of the layered material and applying the first and second ultrafast laser beams to the layered material to create a singulated product.

Abstract: Systems and methods for laser based processing of layered materials. Methods may include selectively adjusting ultrafast laser output of an ultrafast laser device based upon one or more physical attributes of a layer of the layered material, applying the ultrafast laser output of the ultrafast laser device to the layer of the layered material along a tool path to ablate the layer along the tool path, and then re-executing the steps to ablate one or more additional layers, the re-execution occurring for each distinct layer of the layered material that is to be ablated.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide methods for depositing tungsten materials. In one embodiment, a method for forming a composite tungsten film is provided which includes positioning a substrate within a process chamber, forming a tungsten nucleation layer on the substrate by subsequently exposing the substrate to a tungsten precursor and a reducing gas containing hydrogen during a cyclic deposition process, and forming a tungsten bulk layer during a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) process. The PE-CVD process includes exposing the substrate to a deposition gas containing the tungsten precursor while depositing the tungsten bulk layer over the tungsten nucleation layer. In some example, the tungsten nucleation layer has a thickness of less than about 100 ?, such as about 15 ?. In other examples, a carrier gas containing hydrogen is constantly flowed into the process chamber during the cyclic deposition process.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide methods for depositing tungsten materials. In one embodiment, a method for forming a composite tungsten film is provided which includes positioning a substrate within a process chamber, forming a tungsten nucleation layer on the substrate by subsequently exposing the substrate to a tungsten precursor and a reducing gas containing hydrogen during a cyclic deposition process, and forming a tungsten bulk layer during a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) process. The PE-CVD process includes exposing the substrate to a deposition gas containing the tungsten precursor while depositing the tungsten bulk layer over the tungsten nucleation layer. In some example, the tungsten nucleation layer has a thickness of less than about 100 ?, such as about 15 ?. In other examples, a carrier gas containing hydrogen is constantly flowed into the process chamber during the cyclic deposition process.

Abstract: Methods for the deposition of tungsten films are provided. The methods include depositing a nucleation layer by alternatively adsorbing a tungsten precursor and a reducing gas on a substrate, and depositing a bulk layer of tungsten over the nucleation layer.

Abstract: Methods for the deposition of tungsten films are provided. The methods include depositing a nucleation layer by alternatively adsorbing a tungsten precursor and a reducing gas on a substrate, and depositing a bulk layer of tungsten over the nucleation layer.