Abstract: A system for laser scanning provides spectral flexibility needed for the spectroscopic monitoring of highly multiplexed samples, such as cellular and particle assays in whole blood or other suspensions. In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the system comprises a scanner to direct an excitation laser through a sample, an objective to collect light emitted by the sample in response to the excitation laser, a spectrograph to disperse the emitted light over a plurality of wavelengths as a spectrum, and a charge coupled device for detecting the spectrum. The system can be used with samples having a variety of reporter tags, including one or more SERS tags, fluorescent organic and protein tags, and quantum dot tags. A laser scanning apparatus and method of using the same is also provided.

Abstract: The amount of platelet surface proteins in a sample may be measured by collecting a sample containing platelets into a collection tube containing a platelet stabilizing composition, labeling the platelet surface protein and detecting by cytometry.

Abstract: Biological markers for multiple sclerosis, and their use in the diagnosis and clinical applications of the disease, are described.

Abstract: Biological markers for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are disclosed. Also disclosed are the uses of such markers to diagnose and treat RA, monitor progression of the disease, evaluate therapeutic interventions, and screen candidate drugs in a clinical or preclinical trial.

Abstract: Novel biological markers indicative of the action of an anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drug can be used to evaluate drug efficacy and compare local and systemic drug effects. They can also aid in comparison of different drugs, doses, and delivery routes. The biological markers include cell populations, cell surface antigen expression levels, and soluble factor concentrations. Measurement values of the novel biomarkers were shown to change significantly in allergic, atopic asthmatic, and healthy subjects after administration of prednisone.

Abstract: Tumor cells, particularly carcinoma cells, are separated from peripheral blood by magnetic sorting. The tumor cells are magnetically labeled with antibodies directed to tissue specific antigens, preferably cytoplasmic proteins. Labeling for cytoplasmic antigens is accomplished first permeabilizing, then fixing the cells. The cells are separated on a magnetic matrix. The number of tumor cells in the enriched fraction is used to calculate the number of tumor cells present in a patient hematopoietic sample.

Abstract: Tumor cells, particularly carcinoma cells, are separated from peripheral blood by magnetic sorting. The tumor cells are magnetically labeled with antibodies directed to tissue specific antigens, preferably cytoplasmic proteins. Labeling for cytoplasmic antigens is accomplished first permeabilizing, then fixing the cells. The cells are separated on a magnetic matrix. The number of tumor cells in the enriched fraction is used to calculate the number of tumor cells present in a patient hematopoietic sample.