Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for eliminating explicit control flow instructions (for example, branch instructions) from atomic instruction blocks according to a block-based instructions set architecture (ISA). In one example of the disclosed technology, an explicit data graph execution (EDGE) ISA processor is configured to fetch instruction blocks from a memory and execute at least one of the instruction blocks, each of the instruction blocks being encoded to have one or more exit points determining a target location of a next instruction block. Processor control circuitry evaluates one or more predicates for instructions encoded within a first one of the instruction blocks, and based on the evaluating, transfers control of the processor to a second instruction block at a target location that is not specified by a control flow instruction in the first instruction block.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed for throttling processor operation in block-based processor architectures. In one example of the disclosed technology, a block-based instruction set architecture processor includes a plurality of processing cores configured to fetch and execute a sequence of instruction blocks. Each of the processing cores includes function resources for performing operations specified by the instruction blocks. The processor further includes a core scheduler configured to allocate functional resources for performing the operations. The functional resources are allocated for executing the instruction blocks based, at least in part, on a performance metric. The performance metric can be generated dynamically or statically based on branch prediction accuracy, energy usage tolerance, and other suitable metrics.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed for implementing bad jump detection in block-based processor architectures. In one example of the disclosed technology, a block-based processor includes one or more block-based processing cores configured to fetch and execute atomic blocks of instructions and a control unit configured to, based at least in part on receiving a branch signal indicating a target location is received from one of the instruction blocks, verify that the target location is a valid branch target.

Abstract: A processor is described herein that is configured to switch between a first instruction issue mode of the processor and a second instruction issue mode of the processor based at least in part on a characteristic associated with a plurality of instructions. The first instruction issue mode and the second instruction issue mode are associated with different energy consumption characteristics. Also, the first instruction issue mode may be an out-of-order instruction issue mode and the second instruction issue mode may be an in-order instruction issue mode.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus including an elbow attachment device configured for attachment to an elbow of a user is provided. A tensioning device is configured for connection to the elbow attachment device and configured for connection to a torso of the user. The present invention also provides a method for exercising.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus including an elbow attachment device configured for attachment to an elbow of a user is provided. A tensioning device is configured for connection to the elbow attachment device and configured for connection to a torso of the user. The present invention also provides a method for exercising.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus including an elbow attachment device configured for attachment to an elbow of a user is provided. A tensioning device is configured for connection to the elbow attachment device and configured for connection to a torso of the user. The present invention also provides a method for exercising.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus including an elbow attachment device configured for attachment to an elbow of a user is provided. A tensioning device is configured for connection to the elbow attachment device and configured for connection to a torso of the user. The present invention also provides a method for exercising.

Abstract: A face seal assembly comprises a pair of confronting seal rings having mutually-engaging seal faces. The seal faces are maintained in sealing engagement by a pair of resilient load rings that are positioned between the seal rings and a pair of housings that are positioned on opposing sides of the seal rings. The load rings are received within a recess defined by the respective housings and are adapted to interfit with one another to thereby resist relative rotation therebetween.

Abstract: The present invention is particularly well suited for purifying exhaust from relatively large lean burn diesel engines. The emissions purification system causes an after-injection of fuel through the engine fuel injector during the exhaust stroke of an internal combustion engine. A computer controls the injector to inject an optimal amount of NOx reducing fuel into the engine cylinder. The optimal amount corresponds to an amount that will achieve optimal NOx reduction rates for the given engine operating condition and exhaust temperature. A computer periodically senses the engine operating condition and determines the exhaust temperature, and calculates the appropriate injection amount. With appropriate deNOx and oxidation catalysts located downstream from the injector, the emissions purification system of the present invention has the ability to greatly reduce NOx content of the exhaust while maintaining HC emissions at acceptable levels and greatly reducing system complexity.

Abstract: The present invention is particularly applicable to lean burn engines that produce exhaust containing insufficient amounts of unburned hydrocarbons to satisfactorily reduce NOx emissions without undermining engine performance. In the exhaust purification system, ethanol or another suitable hydrocarbon is injected into the exhaust stream at an appropriate location between the engine and the catalytic converter. A deNOx catalytic converter is positioned within the exhaust downstream from the ethanol injection point. The combination engine application, ethanol injection and suitable deNOx catalyst combine to reduce NOx to satisfactory levels without producing significant amounts of undesirable secondary nitrogen containing compounds. An oxidation catalytic converter is positioned in the exhaust downstream from the deNOx catalytic converter. The oxidation catalyst serves to convert any remaining unburned hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water.

Abstract: The present invention is particularly well suited for purifying exhaust from relatively large lean burn diesel engines. The emissions purification system causes the addition of an optimal amount of fuel through the engine fuel injector after closure of the fuel injector needle check valve by enlarging the fuel injector SAC volume. The optimal amount corresponds to an amount that will achieve optimal NOx reduction rates for the given engine operating condition and exhaust temperature when the exhaust is passes through appropriate deNOx and oxidation catalysts located downstream from the injector. The emissions purification system of the present invention has the ability to greatly reduce NOx content of the exhaust while maintaining HC emissions at acceptable levels and greatly reducing system complexity.

Abstract: A method for treating exhaust gas stream of an engine for the removal of NOx by mixing a NOx reducing fluid and air together with the exhaust gas and subsequently cooling the treated exhaust gas stream prior to contact with the deNOx catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention is particularly applicable to lean burn engines that produce exhaust containing insufficient amounts of unburned hydrocarbons to satisfactorily reduce NOx emissions without undermining engine performance. In the exhaust purification system, ethanol or another suitable hydrocarbon is injected into the exhaust stream at an appropriate location between the engine and the catalytic converter. A deNOx catalytic converter is positioned within the exhaust downstream from the ethanol injection point. The combination engine application, ethanol injection and suitable deNOx catalyst combine to reduce NOx to satisfactory levels without producing significant amounts of undesirable secondary nitrogen containing compounds. An oxidation catalytic converter is positioned in the exhaust downstream from the deNOx catalytic converter. The oxidation catalyst serves to convert any remaining unburned hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water.

Abstract: A modular catalytic converter and muffler is used to purify exhaust from a relatively large diesel engine. The device includes various structural components that are mounted in the exhaust flow path within a housing having an inlet and an outlet. A plate mounted within the housing divides the housing into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber. A plurality of catalytic converter sub-cans are mounted across the plate between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber. A flow distributor is mounted within the housing upstream of the catalytic converter sub-cans. The flow distributor divides and directs a portion of the exhaust to each of the catalytic converter sub-cans. Some muffler structure is mounted within the housing between the catalytic converter sub-cans and the outlet in order to attenuate noise in the exhaust.

Abstract: A catalytic converter exhaust section comprises a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, a hollow cylindrically shaped metallic tube and a plurality of substantially identical metallic catalytic converter substrates arranged in a honeycomb pattern. Each of the catalytic converter substrates has a regular hexagonal cross section and an inlet end separated from an outlet end by six planer walls. The metallic substrates are attached in parallel to form a compound honeycomb cross section with an inlet side, an outlet side, and an outer border defined by a portion of the planer walls. The compound honeycomb cross section is affixed within the tube between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate. The individual substrates are coated with an appropriate catalyst for treatment of a particular exhaust component.

Abstract: The present invention is particularly well suited for purifying exhaust from relatively large lean burn diesel engines. A computer controlled injector intermittently injects an optimal amount of NOx reducing fluid into the exhaust passageway from the engine. The optimal amount corresponds to an amount that will achieve optimal NOx reduction rates for the given engine operating condition and exhaust temperature. A computer periodically senses the engine operating condition and the exhaust temperature, and calculates the appropriate injection amount. With appropriate deNOx and oxidation catalysts located downstream from the injector, the exhaust purification system of the present invention has the ability to greatly reduce NOx content of the exhaust while maintaining HC emissions at acceptable levels.

Abstract: A flame arrestor is disclosed for use with an intake of an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylindrical housing defining an inlet and an outlet and a plurality of honeycombed passageways extending between the inlet and the outlet, wherein each of the plurality of honeycombed passageways has a predetermined length and a predetermined small cross-section substantially smaller than the predetermined length. The cylindrical housing is welded within a mounting bracket adapted for receipt in the intake of the internal combustion engine. The flame arrestor is particularly beneficial for use in a boosted engine in that cooling effectiveness and manufacturability are enhanced by the use of the honeycombed structure.

Abstract: Heretofore, auxiliary air was directed to a particulate filter assembly of a supercharged diesel engine for proper regeneration thereof by a relatively large auxiliary air compressor, or alternatively from a take-off duct communicating with the inlet manifold of the diesel engine. The former solution often requires a governed compressor for improved efficiency and is expensive, and the latter does not provide satisfactory regeneration throughout the full operating range of the engine.