Abstract: A sheet of material that is marked with a pulsed laser, the sheet of material having an outer edge and an inner edge separated by a core. The distance from the outer edge to the inner edge is the sheet thickness. The sheet of material has a total concentration of TiO2 of less than about 1.00%. There is an exterior layer beginning at the outer edge and extending into the core, the thickness of the exterior layer is from about 10.00% to about 40.00% of the sheet thickness, and the exterior layer has an average concentration of from about 2.50% to about 10.00% TiO2.

Abstract: A sheet of material that is marked with a pulsed laser, the sheet of material having an outer edge and an inner edge separated by a core. The distance from the outer edge to the inner edge is the sheet thickness. The sheet of material has a total concentration of TiO2 of less than about 1.00%. There is an exterior layer beginning at the outer edge and extending into the core, the thickness of the exterior layer is from about 10.00% to about 40.00% of the sheet thickness, and the exterior layer has an average concentration of from about 2.50% to about 10.00% TiO2.

Abstract: A sheet of material that is marked with a pulsed laser, the sheet of material having an outer edge and an inner edge separated by a core. The distance from the outer edge to the inner edge is the sheet thickness. The sheet of material has a total concentration of TiO2 of less than about 1.00%. There is an exterior layer beginning at the outer edge and extending into the core, the thickness of the exterior layer is from about 10.00% to about 40.00% of the sheet thickness, and the exterior layer has an average concentration of from about 2.50% to about 10.00% TiO2.

Abstract: A sheet of material that is marked in a predetermined pattern with a pulsed laser on its outer surface. The sheet material is a layered material that has an outer edge and an inner edge separated by a core. There is a first layer comprising a first material beginning at the outer edge and extending into the core and there is a second layer containing the second material within the core. The outer surface further has a patch, that is a region of the outer surface where the second material is disposed at the outer surface, and at least a portion of the laser marks are disposed on the patch.

Abstract: A sheet of material that is marked with a pulsed laser, having an outer edge and an inner edge separated by a core. There is a first layer beginning at the outer edge and extending into the core less than about 60 micron, and there is a second layer that begins where the first layer ends, is at least about 5 microns from the outer edge, and begins no greater than 60 micron from the outer edge. The first layer is substantially free of laser marking additives, and the second layer has an average concentration of TiO2 within the range of from about 5.00% to about 12.00% by weight of the second layer.

Abstract: An aerosol container suitable for use as an aerosol dispenser. The aerosol container includes at least a valve and product delivery device joined to an outer container. The valve and product delivery device have respective annular welds or other seals joining the valve and product delivery to the outer container. The welds, or other seals may be concentric, with one circumscribing the other, in the same plane or different planes. Suitable product delivery devices include bags and dip tubes.

Abstract: Methods of making an aerosol container having an open neck at the top and a closed end bottom longitudinally spaced therefrom. The container has a valve cup and bag. The valve cup and bag are integral. The valve cup is attachable to the neck in sealing relationship. This arrangement provides for propellant to be disposed intermediate the container and bag. Product can be disposed in the bag for selective dispensing by a user actuated valve.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making an aerosol container. A polymeric container may be provided. The container may have a closed end bottom and a neck longitudinally opposed to the closed end bottom. The container has an internal container volume. A valve and a bag may be provided and a portion of the valve and the bag may be disposed within the container. The bag has a first bag volume. A portion of the at least one of the neck and the bag may contact a portion of the valve to form a temporary seal. Propellant may be introduced into the container. The bag may be collapsed from the first bag volume to a second bag volume. The pressure of the propellant and the pressure within the bag equilibrate. The valve may be joined to the container and the propellant may be sealed within the container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making an aerosol container. A polymeric container may be provided. The container may have a closed end bottom and a neck longitudinally opposed to the closed end bottom. The container has an internal container volume. A valve and a bag may be provided and a portion of the valve and the bag may be disposed within the container. The bag has a first bag volume. A portion of the at least one of the neck and the bag may contact a portion of the valve to form a temporary seal. Propellant may be introduced into the container. The bag may be collapsed from the first bag volume to a second bag volume. The pressure of the propellant and the pressure within the bag equilibrate. The valve may be joined to the container and the propellant may be sealed within the container.

Abstract: An at least one acoustic sensor in form of a microphone configured for coupling with a tire pressure monitoring system and tire pressure monitoring system unit sensor to generally detect an acoustic signal within a tire interior space generated by a tire as the tire travels across a road surface. The detected signal can be used by various vehicle systems to generally determine a tire condition, such as, but not limited to, tread wear, tread depth, tire health, road condition, road characterization, status of noise reducing foam, and active noise cancelling.

Abstract: A tire mountable on a vehicle wheel includes: a tread section; and a tire side section to be mounted on the vehicle wheel, the tire side section being continuous with the tread section. The tire side section includes: a first area extending in a circumferential direction with substantially equal radii from an axis of the tire and being adjacent to the tread section; and a second area extending in the circumferential direction with substantially equal radii from the axis of the vehicle wheel and disposed between the first area and the vehicle wheel. The second area includes discontinuous recesses in an outer surface of the tire side section.

Abstract: A tire damage detection system for a vehicle includes: a tire; at least one sensor disposed in association with the tire to detect a noise signal when the tire rolls on a road surface to move the vehicle, the noise signal having a plurality of frequency peaks in a frequency spectrum of the noise signal; and a processor to monitor target frequency peaks of the frequency spectrum to detect damage of the tire, and to generate an alert signal in response to the detection of the damage of the tire.

Abstract: A method for rapid differential diagnosis of infection using supercritical fluid chromatographic separation of quorum sensing molecules as biomarkers for infection agents.

Abstract: A tire for a vehicle includes: a tread extending in a circumferential direction about a rotational axis of the tire; and wear indicators disposed in the tread and spaced apart from each other to be arranged in the circumferential direction. A harmonic noise signal caused by the tire when the tire rolls on a road surface to move the vehicle has neighboring first and second frequency peaks in a frequency spectrum of the harmonic noise signal, and the number of the wear indicators is in a range of 16 to 96 to generate, and when the tire rolls to move the vehicle at a speed in a target range, the wear indicators cause an additional frequency peak positioned between the first and second frequency peaks in the frequency spectrum when the tread is worn to reach a wear threshold.

Abstract: An aerosol container suitable for use as an aerosol dispenser. The aerosol container includes at least a valve and product delivery device joined to an outer container. The valve and product delivery device have respective annular welds or other seals joining the valve and product delivery to the outer container. The welds, or other seals may be concentric, with one circumscribing the other, in the same plane or different planes. Suitable product delivery devices include bags and dip tubes.

Abstract: A plural preform assembly including an outer preform and an inner preform. The outer preform includes an outer preform open end, an outer preform closed end longitudinally opposed thereto, and an outer preform sidewall joining the outer preform open end and the outer preform closed end. The inner preform may be disposed in the outer preform. The inner preform includes an inner preform open end, an inner preform closed end longitudinally opposed thereto, and an inner preform sidewall joining the inner preform open end and the inner preform closed end. The inner preform has an inner preform intrinsic viscosity and the outer preform has an outer preform intrinsic viscosity. The inner preform intrinsic viscosity and the outer preform intrinsic viscosity are different. The plural preform assembly may be blow molded into an article.

Abstract: An aerosol container suitable for use as an aerosol dispenser. The aerosol container includes at least a valve and product delivery device joined to an outer container. The valve and product delivery device have respective annular welds or other seals joining the valve and product delivery to the outer container. The welds, or other seals may be concentric, with one circumscribing the other, in the same plane or different planes. Suitable product delivery devices include bags and dip tubes.

Abstract: A plural preform assembly having nested preforms. The preforms are held together by an interference fit. The interference fit is provided by the friction between the preforms which occurs when the inner preform is inserted into the outer preform. At least one preform may have ribs extending radially towards the other preform. The ribs provided concentricity and interference to hold the preforms together during subsequent operations. The preforms may later be blow molded to provide a bag in bottle or similar container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making an aerosol container. A polymeric container may be provided. The container may have a closed end bottom and a neck longitudinally opposed to the closed end bottom. The container has an internal container volume. A valve and a bag may be provided and a portion of the valve and the bag may be disposed within the container. The bag has a first bag volume. A portion of the at least one of the neck and the bag may contact a portion of the valve to form a temporary seal. Propellant may be introduced into the container. The bag may be collapsed from the first bag volume to a second bag volume. The pressure of the propellant and the pressure within the bag equilibrate. The valve may be joined to the container and the propellant may be sealed within the container.