Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, compositions and kits for the synthesis of proteins which comprises unnatural amino acids that utilize a mutant tRNA.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions, methods, cells, engineered microorganisms, and kits for increasing the production of proteins or polypeptides comprising one or more unnatural amino acids. Further provided are compositions, cells, engineered microorganisms, and kits for increasing the retention of unnatural nucleic acids encoding the unnatural amino acids in an engineered cell, or semi-synthetic organism.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, compositions and kits for the synthesis of proteins which comprises unnatural amino acids that utilize a mutant tRNA.

Abstract: Provided herein include a method for modifying polymerase-nucleic acid complexes, including (a) providing a plurality of surface-immobilized polymerase-nucleic acid complexes in a vessel, wherein the nucleic acid includes a primed-template nucleic acid, wherein at least a subset of the surface-immobilized polymerase-nucleic acid complexes include ternary complexes further including nucleotides; and (b) washing the surface with an aqueous solution including a diol, sulfoxide or polyol, thereby removing the nucleotides from the vessel and retaining the surface-immobilized polymerase-nucleic acid complexes in the vessel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions, methods, and kits for a cell incorporating unnatural amino acids into an unnatural polypeptide. Also disclosed herein are compositions, methods, and kits for increasing activity and yield of the unnatural polypeptide synthesized by the cell.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, inter alia, are methods for modifying a nucleotide, for example including reacting a nucleotide having a 3?-O-oxime moiety such as with a reagent having an —ONH2 moiety to produce a nucleotide having a 3?-O—NH2 moiety such as wherein the reagent having the —ONH2 moiety further comprises alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, or (heteroalicyclyl)alkyl.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, inter alia, are methods for modifying a nucleotide, for example including reacting a nucleotide having a 3?-O-oxime moiety such as with a reagent having an —ONH2 moiety to produce a nucleotide having a 3?-O—NH2 moiety such as wherein the reagent having the —ONH2 moiety further comprises alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, or (heteroalicyclyl)alkyl.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, compositions and kits for the synthesis of proteins which comprises unnatural amino acids that utilize a mutant tRNA.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, inter alia, are methods for modifying a nucleotide, for example including reacting a nucleotide having a 3?-O-oxime moiety with a reagent having the structure R2-ONH2 to produce a nucleotide having a 3?-O—NH2 moiety, wherein R2 is independently alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, (heteroalicyclyl)alkyl, or an optionally substituted variant thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions, methods, cells, engineered microorganisms, and kits for increasing the production of proteins or polypeptides comprising one or more unnatural amino acids. Further provided are compositions, cells, engineered microorganisms, and kits for increasing the retention of unnatural nucleic acids encoding the unnatural amino acids in an engineered cell, or semi-synthetic organism.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are in vivo methods, compositions, and kits for producing nucleic acids which comprises at least one unnatural base. Disclosed herein are in vivo methods of producing a nucleic acid with an expanded genetic alphabet, the method comprising incorporatin at least one unnatural base in the nucleic acid. Disclosed herein are semi-synthetic organisms comprising an expanded genetic alphabet, wherein the genetic alphabet comprises at least one unnatural base. Disclosed herein are compositions that include a heterologous or recombinant polymerase and methods of use thereof. Further, disclosed herein are kits that are useful for stably incorporating an unnatural nucleic acid into a nucleic acid molecule, e.g., using the methods provided by the present invention in in vitro condition or under a cell free condition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, compositions and kits for the synthesis of proteins which comprises unnatural amino acids that utilize a mutant tRNA.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, compositions and kits for the synthesis of proteins which comprises unnatural amino acids that utilize a mutant tRNA.