Abstract: An ice detection and measurement system (100) is provided to detect the formation of ice and/or water (40) on a surface (49) and measure the thickness thereof. The ice detection and measurement system (100) includes a radiation source (10) having a wide band emission (12) whose bandwidth is in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The wide band infrared emission (12) is directed to a wavelength selector (20) for providing a discontinuous transmission alternating between a pair of narrow band infrared signals each centered at a different predetermined discrete wavelength. The discontinuous alternating signal (22) is applied to optical system (30) where it is divided into two beams (32 and 34) for application to respective detectors (50 and 60). Reference detector (60) includes photoconductive cell (65) for conversion of beam (34) to a reference signal for each of the discrete wavelengths transmitted by beam (34).

Abstract: A phoretic enhanced-gravity particulate removal system (10) is provided for removing particulates and gaseous pollutants from a particulate laden gas. The particulate laden gas is initially brought into a housing (12) between a plurality of upper and lower planar members (20 and 22). The facing surfaces of the planar members (20 and 22) provide for a temperature gradient. The particulate laden gas is driven through a saturation zone in a gas flow channel (26) formed by the planar members (20 and 22). The particulates begin to nucleate and grow at a rapid rate due to supersaturation provided by the temperature gradient and the wetting of the facing surfaces of the planar members (20 and 22). The growth is rapid and causes the nucleating particulates to be driven in a path (58) towards a capturing mechanism (38) through phoretic and gravity forces. Increased nucleation rate and growth of the nucleating particles allow for a maximization of the amount of particulates captured and removed from the housing (12).