Abstract: A hierarchical and distributed control architecture for managing an optical communications network. The architecture includes a line card manager level for managing individual line cards in an optical switch, a node manager level for managing multiple line cards in an optical switch/node, and a network management system level for managing multiple optical switches/nodes in a network. An event manager at the node manager level enables software components that are running at the node manager to register for and receive events, and to post events. The events may be triggered, e.g., by a change in a status of the switch, or an alarm condition. Control architecture functionalities include signaling, routing, protection switching and network management. Furthermore, the network management function includes a topology manager, a performance manager, a connection manager, a fault detection manager, and a configuration manager.

Abstract: An optical transport switching system having an all-optical switch that can be selectively configured to provide cross-connection and add/drop multiplexing functions. Optical circuit cards are provided in a chassis/bay, and connected by an optical backplane. The circuit cards may include access line interface cards, optical access ingress cards, transport ingress cards, transport egress cards, and optical access egress cards. An optical switching fabric provides selective optical coupling between the cards. The all-optical switch can be used in an optical network that allows external/access networks to access the optical network, including access networks that use Gigabit Ethernet or SONET signaling. Wavelength conversion is provided for non-compliant wavelengths of the access networks. A local area network enables control and monitoring of the cards by a local node manager.

Abstract: A hierarchical network management system (NMS) in which a plurality of NMS managers, each responsible for different portions or aggregations of a communications network, are logically arranged in a tree structure. The NMS managers are further organized into various sub-groups. The NMS managers within each sub-group monitor the status of one another in order to detect when one of them is no longer operational. If this happens, the remaining operational NMS managers of the sub-group collectively elect one of them to assume the responsibility of the non-operational NMS manager. The NMS is thus “self-healing” in the sense that one NMS manager can dynamically, without operator intervention, assume the responsibilities for another NMS manager.

Abstract: An optical switch architecture in an optical communications network. The imminent removal of a line card from a slot at the optical switch is detected to inform an associated software process/manager that manages the line card that it is going to be removed. The movement of a locking mechanism that locks the line card in its slot triggers a message to a Node Manager that the line card is about to be removed. The software process knows that it will not be able to communicate with the line card, such as to request data or transmit commands. Moreover, the software process knows to not set an alarm for a malfunctioning line card since it will not receive any responses from the removed line card. The software process also maintains information related to the line card during its removal for use when the line card is subsequently re-installed.

Abstract: A hierarchical and distributed control architecture for managing an optical communications network. The architecture includes a line card manager level for managing individual line cards in an optical switch, a node manager level for managing multiple line cards in an optical switch/node, and a network management system level for managing multiple optical switches/nodes in a network. An event manager at the node manager level enables software components that are running at the node manager to register for and receive events, and to post events. The events may be triggered, e.g., by a change in a status of the switch, or an alarm condition. Control architecture functionalities include signaling, routing, protection switching and network management. Furthermore, the network management function includes a topology manager, a performance manager, a connection manager, a fault detection manager, and a configuration manager.

Abstract: A node management architecture for use at an optical switch/node in an optical communications network. A software task is provided for managing each line card according to a type of the line card. The architecture may identify the line card type, and assign a corresponding software task to manage it. To avoid delays, unassigned software tasks may be created ahead of time for managing line cards that are later installed at the optical switch. Furthermore, different types of software tasks are provided for managing corresponding different types of line cards, while software tasks that manage the same type of line card may be organized as an array of the same type. Moreover, the software tasks may act as an intermediary between the line card managers and other software processes at the node manager, such as a database manager, alarms manager, or optical cross-connect manager.

Abstract: A Line Card Manager (LCM) and Node Manager architecture for use at an optical switch in an optical communications network. LCMs are provided for managing different line cards at the switch, and a Node Manager at the switch manages the LCMs. The Node Manager and LCMs exchange messages using a message-passing interface. The messages may include, e.g., read messages that enable the node manager to retrieve monitored parameter values that the LCM receives from its line card, write messages that enable the node manager to write provisioning data to the LCM, alarm messages that allow the LCMs to report alarm conditions to the node manager, an audit message that enables the node manager to verify a presence of the line card at the optical switch, and discovery messages that allow a LCM to announce its presence to the node manager, e.g., after rebooting.

Abstract: An optical communications network having at least one optical switch connected to a network access device. The optical switch includes a first line card disposed along a first communications path over which a first optical signal is transmitted. The first line card is connected to the network access device. A second line card is disposed along a second communications path over which a second optical signal is transmitted. An inter-card communication channel is provided for bridging the second path to the first line card. The system enables the rapid switching of traffic from the first optical path to the second optical path.

Abstract: A hierarchical network management system (NMS) in which a plurality of NMS managers, each responsible for different portions or aggregations of a communications network, are logically arranged in a tree structure. The NMS managers are further organized into various sub-groups. The NMS managers within each sub-group monitor the status of one another in order to detect when one of them is no longer operational. If this happens, the remaining operational NMS managers of the sub-group collectively elect one of them to assume the responsibility of the non-operational NMS manager. The NMS is thus “self-healing” in the sense that one NMS manager can dynamically, without operator intervention, assume the responsibilities for another NMS manager.

Abstract: A Line Card Manager (LCM) architecture for use at an optical switch in an optical communications network. A LCM with a dedicated processor is provided for different line cards at the switch. The LCM includes a first interface, such as a connector to the line card, for receiving monitored parameters from the line card, and a processor that executes software for determining when an event such as a fault should be set, e.g., when a monitored parameter is out of range. The LCM has a second interface to a local area network at the switch for reporting the event to a Node Manager, which manages the LCM. The LCM is preferably a removable plug-in module of the line card to allow easy upgrades and maintenance. The LCM includes generic software for managing different types of line cards.