Abstract: A process for a liquid/liquid reaction employs a nozzle dispersion whereby liquid reactants and liquid catalyst are injected through at least one nozzle into a reaction zone to effect a reaction. The reaction can be alkylation of at least one isoparaffin with at least one olefin in the presence of an ionic liquid catalyst. The at least one nozzle provides intimate contact between the phases for greater product control and reaction control.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing low volatility, high quality gasoline blending components which comprises recirculation of at least a portion of a recovered stream comprising primarily isoparaffins. Recirculation of the stream allows for an enhanced I/O ratio and a more cost effective process.

Abstract: An up-flow reactor includes a reaction chamber, and a distributor device disposed in the reaction chamber for distributing a multi-phase mixture therein. The distributor device includes a first pipe adapted for conducting a gas phase, and including first discharge ports, a second pipe adapted for conducting a slurry or a liquid phase, and including second discharge ports, and a plurality of nozzles. Each nozzle communicates a pair of the first and second discharge ports with a venturi outlet of the nozzle, such that pressurized gas phase from the first discharge port passing through the venturi outlet creates a negative pressure for drawing-in the slurry or the liquid phase to be mixed with the gas phase in the venturi outlet.

Abstract: A reactor in which a multi-phase mixture, including gas and a catalyst slurry or liquid, is to be conducted. The reactor includes a reaction chamber having a substantially unencumbered center portion through which the multi-phase mixture is conducted upwardly. A downcomer arrangement is disposed laterally outwardly of the center portion and adjacent to an inner surface of the reaction chamber. An external pump communicates with a lower portion of the reaction chamber for circulating components of the mixture downward from an upper end of the downcomer arrangement to a lower end thereof. A collection chamber is disposed below the reaction chamber into which the components exiting the downcomer arrangement are introduced and where the gas is separated from the remainder of the components. The separated gas can be reintroduced into the reaction chamber.

Abstract: In an upflow reactor for reacting heavy hydrocarbons with hydrogen gas in a liquefied catalyst slurry, that mixture is recirculated down through a downcomer having an upper degassing section which includes a frusto-conical upper surface. The mixture is caused to flow along that surface in a downward helical path, such that heavier components are centrifugally urged outwardly, and lighter components, e.g., gas, migrate inwardly. The gas bubbles can thus coalesce such that small bubbles become bigger bubbles having a greater tendency to rise out of the downcomer. Baffles placed on the upper surface can maximize the residence time of the mixture in the degassing section.

Abstract: A downcomer for a reactor for downwardly conducting a multi-phase mixture, the downcomer includes a transport section having an interior comprised of inner and outer regions separated horizontally by a vertical barrier, and a baffle structure disposed on an inner surface of the barrier. The baffle structure is arranged to induce the mixture to flow in a downward generally helical path such that denser components of the mixture are centrifugally urged outwardly away from a center of the downcomer and less dense components migrate toward the center. The barrier includes openings enabling the denser components to travel from the inner region to the outer region to be collected herein.

Abstract: The invention in one embodiment is a nozzle device for coupling with a fluid distribution conduit for improving the distribution of an upward or downwardly flowing poly-phase mixture including at least one gas phase and at least one liquid phase, above at least one packed bed of granular solid or fluidized bed. The fluid distribution conduit for receiving liquid and gas phases has one or more lateral openings for flow over an upper portion of its height through which a gas phase can enter and has fluid distribution conduit having one or more lateral openings for flow over at least a lower portion of its height through which a liquid phase can enter the fluid distribution conduit. It also has at least one lower cross section for flow through which a mixture of gas and liquid communicate with a packed bed of granular solid or a fluidized bed.

Abstract: The invention in one embodiment is a nozzle device for coupling with a fluid distribution conduit for improving the distribution of an upward or downwardly flowing poly-phase mixture including at least one gas phase and at least one liquid phase, above at least one packed bed of granular solid or fluidized bed. The fluid distribution conduit for receiving liquid and gas phases has one or more lateral openings for flow over an upper portion of its height through which a gas phase can enter and has fluid distribution conduit having one or more lateral openings for flow over at least a lower portion of its height through which a liquid phase can enter the fluid distribution conduit. It also has at least one lower cross section for flow through which a mixture of gas and liquid communicate with a packed bed of granular solid or a fluidized bed.