Abstract: A transrectal probe manipulator system includes a probe comprising a biopsy needle and a manipulator. The manipulator includes a base including first and second base support shafts on a base body, a main frame, and a mounting plate. A lower end of the main frame is rotatably connected to the base through a first shaft to define a first degree of freedom. The mounting plate includes first and second mounting plate support shafts and a probe receiver, and is rotatably connected to the main frame through a second shaft to define a second degree of freedom. The probe receiver is rotatable about a central axis to define a third degree of freedom, and linearly moveable along the central axis to define a fourth degree of freedom. The probe is secured to the probe receiver. The manipulator is driven by cables which are attached to the shafts in an actuation assembly.

Abstract: A tactile sensor, a surgical instrument, and a method of making the tactile sensor are provided. In one embodiment, a tactile sensor includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The intermediate layer includes a polyurethane-zinc oxide nanocomposite. Further, one or both of the first and second electrodes may include a silver conductive paste.

Abstract: Disclosed is an immersive, augmented reality-based, enabling technology for tele-collaboration between a local surgeon and a remote surgeon during an MIS. The technology would provide realistic visual-cues to the local surgeon for the required movement of an actuated, high degree-of-freedom surgical tool during an MIS.

Abstract: The system for camera control in robotic and laparoscopic surgery (100) includes a head tracking system (130) for tracking movements of an operator's head during laparoscopic surgery, a robotic laparoscope holder (110) operatively engaged to a laparoscope (200), an interface workstation (120) having a processor (540) and inputs connecting the sensor signal and the servo control system (515) signals to the processor (540), and a clutch switch (180) connected to the processor (540) for activating and inactivating the interface workstation (120). The head tracking system (130) includes at least one optical marker (415) to be worn on the operator's head and an optical tracker (410) for detecting movement of the at least one optical marker (415) and transmitting a corresponding sensor signal. The laparoscope includes an articulating distal portion (214), a tip (216), and a camera (150) disposed at the tip (150).