Abstract: The method for well placement is a computerized optimization method using net present value (NPV) and voidage replacement ratio (VRR) in waterflooding as simultaneous objective functions in the determination of the optimal location of wells. The objective function of the overall multiobjective optimization problem is evaluated as a weighted sum of the NPV and the VRR. The method of well placement uses an evolutionary algorithm to optimize the multiobjective function ?MOBJ to maximize net present value (NPV) and to minimize voidage imbalance ratio (VIR), where the VIR is given by VIR=VRR?1, where the voidage replacement ratio (VRR) is a ratio of the total volume of fluid injected to the volume of fluid produced.

Abstract: The PSOAF System Parameter-Estimator, called herein the PSOAF, is an optimizer designed to estimate the unknown parameters or the optimal parameters of a system. PSOAF stands for Particle Swarm Optimizer with Averaging Filter. The optimizer uses the intelligent behaviors of particles in a swarm and an averaging filter to estimate the parameters of a system. The parameters referred to here can be the unknown parameters of a system (e.g. permeability distribution in a hydrocarbon reservoir) or the optimum parameters of a system (e.g. the optimal locations of wells in a reservoir, the optimum controls of such wells, or the optimum operating parameters of any system in any field). The averaging filter in the PSOAF serves to discriminate among the particles in order to determine which of the particles are most important. Particles identified as important by the filtering procedure are evaluated while other particles are not evaluated but assigned the fitness of their representative average.