Abstract: Samples of a light radar (“LIDAR”) return signal are stored in an analog circular buffer following the transmission of a LIDAR pulse. Sampling continues for a fixed period of time or number of samples during a post-trigger sampling period after the occurrence of a trigger signal from a trigger circuit. The trigger circuit indicates the receipt of a return pulse associated with a target object based upon one or more return signal characteristics. Following the post-trigger sampling period, the stored analog samples are sequentially read out and converted to digital sample values. The digital sample values may be analyzed in a digital processor to further confirm the validity of the returned LIDAR pulse, to determine a time of arrival of the LIDAR pulse, and to calculate a distance to the target object. Some versions include multiple circular buffers and capture clocks, enabling the capture of samples from multiple return pulses.

Abstract: Samples of a light radar (“LIDAR”) return signal are stored in an analog circular buffer following the transmission of a LIDAR pulse. Sampling continues for a fixed period of time or number of samples during a post-trigger sampling period after the occurrence of a trigger signal from a trigger circuit. The trigger circuit indicates the receipt of a return pulse associated with a target object based upon one or more return signal characteristics. Following the post-trigger sampling period, the stored analog samples are sequentially read out and converted to digital sample values. The digital sample values may be analyzed in a digital processor to further confirm the validity of the returned LIDAR pulse, to determine a time of arrival of the LIDAR pulse, and to calculate a distance to the target object. Some versions include multiple circular buffers and capture clocks, enabling the capture of samples from multiple return pulses.

Abstract: A fully differential amplifier circuit provided according to an aspect of the present invention contains a stabilization block to measure the common mode component at the output of an input stage, and to inject a current proportionate to the common mode component into each of a pair of paths forming the output of the input stage to stabilize a feedback loop formed by the input stage, an output stage and a common mode feedback block. In an embodiment, the stabilization block contains a buffer to receive the measured common mode component and to provide a buffered output. The injected current is generated based on the buffered output. Due to the presence of the buffer, the differential loop may not be affected by injection of the additional current, thereby avoiding any distortions in the output signal.

Abstract: A residue block in a stage of a pipeline ADC processing differential signals contains multiple pairs of capacitors. During a hold phase of operation, one capacitor of a pair is connected to a positive reference voltage, and the other capacitor is connected to a negative reference voltage if the input signal exceeds a corresponding threshold voltage. When the input signal does not exceed the corresponding threshold voltage, both capacitors of the pair are connected either to the positive or the negative reference voltage. As a result, the need for a common mode reference voltage may be eliminated, and the residue block can be implemented with a smaller area.

Abstract: A voltage source providing a constant reference voltage, independent of load variations at an output terminal. The effective impedance (looking-in impedance) at the output terminal is designed to be independent of frequency of the signals at the output terminal. In an embodiment, the resistance of one of two parallel impedance paths constituting the effective impedance is made equal to the resistance of the other path, and the time constants of both paths are made equal. As a result, the effective impedance is made independent of frequency, and the strength of the reference voltage is maintained constant without exhibiting ringing, DC droop, etc., despite load variations.

Abstract: A voltage source providing a constant reference voltage, independent of load variations at an output terminal. The effective impedance (looking-in impedance) at the output terminal is designed to be independent of frequency of the signals at the output terminal. In an embodiment, the resistance of one of two parallel impedance paths constituting the effective impedance is made equal to the resistance of the other path, and the time constants of both paths are made equal. As a result, the effective impedance is made independent of frequency, and the strength of the reference voltage is maintained constant without exhibiting ringing, DC droop, etc., despite load variations.

Abstract: A residue block in a stage of a pipeline ADC processing differential signals contains multiple pairs of capacitors. During a hold phase of operation, one capacitor of a pair is connected to a positive reference voltage, and the other capacitor is connected to a negative reference voltage if the input signal exceeds a corresponding threshold voltage. When the input signal does not exceed the corresponding threshold voltage, both capacitors of the pair are connected either to the positive or the negative reference voltage. As a result, the need for a common mode reference voltage may be eliminated, and the residue block can be implemented with a smaller area.

Abstract: Removing an Nth harmonic (of a fundamental frequency) generated due to non-ideal ADC operation from the output of the ADC. In an embodiment, digital values containing in-phase and quadrature phase components of the Nth harmonic are generated using mathematical operations, scaled using scaling factors, and then subtracted from the (non-ideal) output of the ADC. A continuous-time derivative of the input signal used to generate the quadrature phase component, enabling a same set of scaling factors to be used for the same input irrespective of the sampling frequency. Spurious Free Dynamic Range of the ADC is thus improved.

Abstract: A flash ADC in which different thresholds are provided to different comparators in different time instances. Such a feature may be advantageously used in digital converters type components since the flash ADC would provide more time for amplifiers to generate amplified residue signals.

Abstract: A fully differential amplifier circuit provided according to an aspect of the present invention contains a stabilization block to measure the common mode component at the output of an input stage, and to inject a current proportionate to the common mode component into each of a pair of paths forming the output of the input stage to stabilize a feedback loop formed by the input stage, an output stage and a common mode feedback block. In an embodiment, the stabilization block contains a buffer to receive the measured common mode component and to provide a buffered output. The injected current is generated based on the buffered output. Due to the presence of the buffer, the differential loop may not be affected by injection of the additional current, thereby avoiding any distortions in the output signal.

Abstract: A comparator presents a linear load to input signals when providing a comparison output of two input signals. The comparator contains a transistor configured in a source/emitter follower configuration, and operates in the saturation region for substantially the entire range of strengths of the input signals. As a result, the comparator presents a substantially constant load to the input signals. When incorporated in circuits such as a pipeline ADC, the comparator may substantially eliminate errors due to non-linear loads.

Abstract: A delay locked loop (DLL) circuit in which situations of lock to multiple periods of a reference signal is determined by a lock detector using dummy delay elements and a duty cycle correction circuit (DCC). The lock detector, the dummy delay elements and the delay control circuit are used in a path parallel to the delay elements which generate the desired delayed signals having different delays in relation to the reference signal. Due to the use of the parallel path, the throughput performance of the DLL circuit is not impeded. In an embodiment, separate charge pumps are used by a phase comparator and the lock detector used in the parallel path.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, samples of an input signal are provided with reduced distortion, when the input signal is received from a lead terminal offering lead inductance on an input path. Such a feature is achieved by charging a energy storage element to a value proportional to the input signal using a portion of charging energy received through a path having less lead inductance compared to the path connecting the input signal to the energy storage element. Thus, the energy drawn through the lead impedance is reduced, thereby reducing the magnitude of the distortion caused.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, samples of an input signal are provided with reduced distortion, when the input signal is received from a lead terminal offering lead inductance on an input path. Such a feature is achieved by charging a energy storage element to a value proportional to the input signal using a portion of charging energy received through a path having less lead inductance compared to the path connecting the input signal to the energy storage element. Thus, the energy drawn through the lead impedance is reduced, thereby reducing the magnitude of the distortion caused.

Abstract: Providing a substantially constant reference voltage to a component from a reference buffer connected by a path. The load that would be offered to the reference buffer in desired durations is estimated, and a dummy load is added to the path such that the aggregate load on the path is approximately constant. In case of the stages of an ADC, the sub-code generated by each stage during a sampling phase is used to estimate the load that would be offered, and the dummy load is added in the hold phase to keep the reference voltage constant in the hold phase, as desired.

Abstract: A delay locked loop (DLL) circuit in which situations of lock to multiple periods of a reference signal is determined by a lock detector using dummy delay elements and a duty cycle correction circuit (DCC). The lock detector, the dummy delay elements and the delay control circuit are used in a path parallel to the delay elements which generate the desired delayed signals having different delays in relation to the reference signal. Due to the use of the parallel path, the throughput performance of the DLL circuit is not impeded. In an embodiment, separate charge pumps are used by a phase comparator and the lock detector used in the parallel path.

Abstract: Providing a substantially constant reference voltage to a component from a reference buffer connected by a path. The load that would be offered to the reference buffer in desired durations is estimated, and a dummy load is added to the path such that the aggregate load on the path is approximately constant. In case of the stages of an ADC, the sub-code generated by each stage during a sampling phase is used to estimate the load that would be offered, and the dummy load is added in the hold phase to keep the reference voltage constant in the hold phase, as desired.

Abstract: Simplifying the design of buffer amplifier circuits to provide reference voltages of desired characteristics on a path. Two separate circuits may be used to provide the necessary charging (of a load connected to the path) in non-overlapping time durations. In an embodiment in which the load comprises sampling capacitors of a stage of an analog to digital converter (ADC), each of the two circuits contains a corresponding charging capacitor, with the charging capacitors charging the load in non-overlapping time durations of a hold phase. The first charging capacitor may be charged using a coarse buffer with a high drive strength and the second charging capacitor may be charged using a fine buffer with high accuracy.