Abstract: A method is directed to continuously, non-invasively, and directly measuring blood pressure, and includes providing a calibrated measurement device having a blood-flow control balloon and a sensor array. The method further includes placing the sensor array in a non-invasive manner over the surface of a patch of skin connected to an artery by adjoining soft tissues and inflating the blood-flow control balloon with a controlled amount of pressure. In response to the inflating of the blood-flow control balloon, changes in the artery geometry and forces are detected, via the sensor array, during a heartbeat cycle. The changes correspond to spatio-temporal signals from the artery or in the adjoining soft tissues. The spatio-temporal signals are measured and processed, via a controller, to determine blood-pressure parameters.

Abstract: A method is directed to continuously, non-invasively, and directly measuring blood pressure, and includes providing a calibrated measurement device having a blood-flow control balloon and a sensor array. The method further includes placing the sensor array in a non-invasive manner over the surface of a patch of skin connected to an artery by adjoining soft tissues and inflating the blood-flow control balloon with a controlled amount of pressure. In response to the inflating of the blood-flow control balloon, changes in the artery geometry and forces are detected, via the sensor array, during a heartbeat cycle. The changes correspond to spatio-temporal signals from the artery or in the adjoining soft tissues. The spatio-temporal signals are measured and processed, via a controller, to determine blood-pressure parameters.

Abstract: A method is directed to continuously, non-invasively, and directly measuring blood pressure, and includes providing a calibrated measurement device having a blood-flow control balloon and a sensor array. The method further includes placing the sensor array in a non-invasive manner over the surface of a patch of skin connected to an artery by adjoining soft tissues and inflating the blood-flow control balloon with a controlled amount of pressure. In response to the inflating of the blood-flow control balloon, changes in the artery geometry and forces are detected, via the sensor array, during a heartbeat cycle. The changes correspond to spatio-temporal signals from the artery or in the adjoining soft tissues. The spatio-temporal signals are measured and processed, via a controller, to determine blood-pressure parameters.

Abstract: An optomechanical sensor system is provided. The system can include a patient-worn surface displacement system comprising a deformable surface configured to be positioned against the patient adjacent to a superficial artery thereof, a plurality of optical markings disposed on the deformable surface, and an actuator configured to apply a pressure to hold the surface displacement system against the patient such that spatiotemporal movement of the superficial artery causes corresponding movement of the deformable surface and the plurality of optical markings. The system further includes an optical system which includes an imaging system, illumination, and with or without mirrors configured to visualize the plurality of optical markings at an oblique angle. The system determined the spatiotemporal movement of the superficial artery based on the received plurality of images and determine a cardiopulmonary parameter associated with the patient based thereon.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. In one embodiment, the method has the steps of simultaneously evaporating a metal at a first evaporation rate and a polymer at a second evaporation rate different from the first evaporation rate, to form a nanocomposite of the metal and the polymer, depositing the nanocomposite onto a substrate, and applying an etching process to the deposited nanocomposite on the substrate to remove the polymer material, thereby forming an SERS substrate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. In one embodiment, the method has the steps of simultaneously evaporating a metal at a first evaporation rate and a polymer at a second evaporation rate different from the first evaporation rate, to form a nanocomposite of the metal and the polymer, depositing the nanocomposite onto a substrate, and applying an etching process to the deposited nanocomposite on the substrate to remove the polymer material, thereby forming an SERS substrate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. In one embodiment, the method has the steps of simultaneously evaporating a metal at a first evaporation rate and a polymer at a second evaporation rate different from the first evaporation rate, to form a nanocomposite of the metal and the polymer, depositing the nanocomposite onto a substrate, and applying an etching process to the deposited nanocomposite on the substrate to remove the polymer material, thereby forming an SERS substrate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. In one embodiment, the method has the steps of simultaneously evaporating a metal at a first evaporation rate and a polymer at a second evaporation rate different from the first evaporation rate, to form a nanocomposite of the metal and the polymer, depositing the nanocomposite onto a substrate, and applying an etching process to the deposited nanocomposite on the substrate to remove the polymer material, thereby forming an SERS substrate.

Abstract: An optical beacon is comprised of a telescope having a primary focal plane or Coudé focal plane, a plurality of fiber coupled laser sources for generating a plurality of beams, a collimator for collimating the plurality of beams, and optics for combining and focusing the plurality of collimated beams onto the primary or Coudé focal plane of the telescope. The telescope propagates the optical beacon, which is arranged into a ring of incoherent plurality of collimated beams. The apparatus further comprises fiber splitters coupled to each laser source to provide at least eight beams from at least four laser sources. The optics comprises a prism assembly, a combiner lens, a focusing lens and a field lens for focusing the plurality of collimated beams onto the primary focal plane or Coudé focal plane of the telescope.

Abstract: An optical beacon is comprised of a telescope having a primary focal plane or Coudé focal plane, a plurality of fiber coupled laser sources for generating a plurality of beams, a collimator for collimating the plurality of beams, and optics for combining and focusing the plurality of collimated beams onto the primary or Coudé focal plane of the telescope. The telescope propagates the optical beacon, which is arranged into a ring of incoherent plurality of collimated beams. The apparatus further comprises fiber splitters coupled to each laser source to provide at least eight beams from at least four laser sources. The optics comprises a prism assembly, a combiner lens, a focusing lens and a field lens for focusing the plurality of collimated beams onto the primary focal plane or Coudé focal plane of the telescope.