Abstract: Described is a method for determining a dwell volume of a liquid chromatography system and a liquid chromatography system that can determined the system dwell volume. The method includes mixing a flow of a first solvent with a flow of a second solvent to form a solvent mixture. The flows of the first and second solvents are decreased and increased, respectively, to generate a gradient composition. A system pressure of the liquid chromatography system is measured to determine a pressure trace defined as the measured system pressure as a function of time. The dwell volume of the system is determined from a time delay determined between the gradient composition at the mixing location and the pressure trace. The method can be performed with a liquid chromatography system having a chromatographic column or a flow restrictor used in place of the chromatographic column.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments are directed to methods and systems for controlling fluid parameters within a detector. A first and second fluid pump manager control the flow of a first and second fluid to one or more heating/cooling devices, and a mixer receives and mixes the first and second fluids. An optical detector flow cell receives the fluid mixture from the mixer, and a pressure regulator controls the pressure at the optical detector flow cell. Thus, the composition, temperature, and pressure of a fluid mixture entering an optical detector flow cell can be controlled in real time.

Abstract: A methodology scales supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and/or carbon dioxide based chromatography methods between different system and/or column configurations. The methodology includes measuring an average mobile phase density during a first separation utilizing C02 as a mobile phase component and substantially duplicating the average density profile for a second separation. Substantial duplication of the average mobile phase density (e.g., within about 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1 %, 0.05%) results in chromatography for both system and/or column configurations having similar selectivity and retention factors. Average mobile phase density may be, either measured directly, calculated, or approximated using average pressure or density measurements. The average pressure profile may be used as a close approximation to duplicate average density profiles between separations.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a system for liquid sample introduction into a chromatography system. The system includes a metering device for drawing up the liquid sample, a first multi-port valve in fluid communication with a first end of the metering device and the liquid sample, a second multi-port valve in fluid communication with a second end of the metering device and a chromatography column, and a pump in fluid communication with the second multi-port valve and a mobile phase. When the valves are in a first position the metering device draws up the liquid sample filling a portion of the metering device. When the valves are in a second position, a remaining portion of the metering device is filled with the mobile phase thereby mixing with and pressurizing the liquid sample. When the valves are in a third position, the mixed and pressurized sample flows to the chromatography column.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a system for liquid sample introduction into a chromatography system. The system includes a syringe, a first valve in fluid communication with the syringe, a second valve in fluid communication with the sample, a vessel located between, and in fluid communication with, the first and second valves, a third valve in fluid communication with the first valve, the second valve and a chromatography column, and a pump in fluid communication with the third valve and a mobile phase. When the valves are in a first position the syringe draws the sample into the vessel. The mobile phase flows to the chromatography column. When the valves are in a second position, a portion of the mobile phase flows into the vessel, mixing with and pressurizing the sample. When the valves are in a third position, the mixed and pressurized sample flows to the chromatography column.

Abstract: A liquid chromatography system, includes a fluidic flow path, a chromatography column located in the fluidic flow path, a filtration device located in the fluidic flow path before the chromatography column, the filtration device including a housing having a fluidic inlet, a fluidic outlet, wherein at least a portion of the fluidic flow path is located between the fluidic inlet and the fluidic outlet and at least one filter disposed in the portion of the fluidic flow path, wherein the at least one filter is made of a micromachined material. Liquid chromatography filtration methods are further disclosed.

Abstract: Methodologies, systems, and computer-readable media are provided for controlling the mass flow rate within a CO2 based chromatography system. The pressure within a CO2 pump is measured and received at a computing system, and the computing system retrieves a target temperature value corresponding to the new pressure measurement within the CO2 pump. The computing system then generates a temperature control command that controls a CO2 pump heater or cooler in order to achieve the target temperature value at the CO2 pump. Thus, a target mass flow rate of CO2 from the CO2 pump is achieved by adjusting the temperature of the CO2 pump in response to changes in pressure.

Abstract: A significant reduction in extra-column band broadening can be achieved by decoupling the injection system from the main solvent flow line. In addition, by decoupling the injection system from the main solvent flow line, additional components (e.g., filters, valves, etc.) can be introduced into the chromatography system without increasing the negative band broadening effects. Systems and methods herein provide not only for such decoupling but also for filtering precipitates from the system. As a result, a larger volume of sample can be injected into the present systems without compromising separation yield. In addition, an increase the column loading per batch, an increase the overall yield of separations, and greater system efficiency (i.e., less time lost for cleaning and maintenance) can be realized.

Abstract: In various aspects provided are purification media and containers for dispensing a purified liquid are provided herein where a high surface area-to-volume chemically interactive purification media positioned at the outlet of a container that purifies the liquid as it is dispensed and/or extracted.

Abstract: Reduced column loading of a sample onto a chromatographic column may be mitigated by excluding diffuse portions of the sample from introduction to the column. Systems and methods are provided for detecting and removing the diffuse portions from the feed solution delivered to the chromatography column. The systems and methods herein permit use of a single detector to detect and remove the diffuse portions and can accommodate a recovery/collection/recycling mechanism permitting reuse of removed sample from the diverted diffuse portions.

Abstract: Various embodiments are generally directed to techniques for monitoring chromatographic fluid flows, such as the flow to and/or from one or more reservoirs used in chromatographic operations, for instance. In many embodiments, the chromatographic operations may include one or more of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC), Ultra Performance Convergence Chromatography (UPC2), and the like. Several embodiments are particularly directed to a chromatographic fluid flow device (CFFD) for monitoring a change in density of a chromatographic fluid in a tube, such as by detecting the presence or absence of gas in the tube with an ultrasonic bubble detector. In various embodiments, the chromatographic fluid may include a solvent, a sample, or waste associated with a chromatographic operation.

Abstract: A chromatographic device includes a primary channel having a cross-sectional area and characteristic length such that analyte travel within the primary channel is substantially convective. A plurality of secondary channels each having a cross-sectional area and characteristic length such that analyte flow into and out of a secondary channel is substantially diffusive, each of the plurality of secondary channels having an entrance in fluidic communication with the primary channel wherein the entrance intersects the primary channel.

Abstract: Methods for transferring a separation procedure from a first chromatographic system to a second one are disclosed that involve substantially matching a pressure profile. In some such methods, a length, an area, and a particle size of a first column in the first system and a flow rate in the first separation procedure are identifiable. Some such methods also involve selecting a combination of a length, an area, and a particle size of a second column in the second system and a flow rate for the second separation procedure. These methods may involve calculating a target length, a target area, or a target particle size for the second column in the second system or a target flow rate for the second separation procedure.

Abstract: Methods for transferring a carbon dioxide based separation procedure from a reference chromatographic system to a target chromatographic system involve alternative techniques for determining system pressure drops not attributable to the column. One technique involves leveraging experimental chromatography to develop a correction factor that is a function of at least one correction coefficient and at least one ratio of the differential analyte retention time to the retention time in the reference system. Another technique involves leveraging other experimental measurements of tubing pressure drops under various condition to develop a lookup table that can be used to identify likely tubing pressure drops in the target system. A third technique leverages knowledge of the separation procedure and the target system and the likely nature of the relevant flow to calculate tubing pressure drops in the target system.

Abstract: Solvent containers and solvent container trays for chromatography systems are described for providing control over solvent supply and waste collection. Designated solvent containers and exclusively designated solvent containers provide solvents for use by chromatography systems. Control over solvent supply is achieved by requiring matched container shape and container receiving position shape within the tray, and additionally or alternatively, through solvent container coding readable by the solvent tray and chromatography system which provide information about the solvent container to the chromatography system.

Abstract: Described is a method for determining a dwell volume of a liquid chromatography system and a liquid chromatography system that can determined the system dwell volume. The method includes mixing a flow of a first solvent with a flow of a second solvent to form a solvent mixture. The flows of the first and second solvents are decreased and increased, respectively, to generate a gradient composition. A system pressure of the liquid chromatography system is measured to determine a pressure trace defined as the measured system pressure as a function of time. The dwell volume of the system is determined from a time delay determined between the gradient composition at the mixing location and the pressure trace. The method can be performed with a liquid chromatography system having a chromatographic column or a flow restrictor used in place of the chromatographic column.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to systems, methods and devices for providing pressurized solvent flow in chromatography systems.

Abstract: Reduced column loading of a sample onto a chromatographic column may be mitigated by excluding diffuse portions of the sample from introduction to the column. Systems and methods are provided for detecting and removing the diffuse portions from the feed solution delivered to the chromatography column. The systems and methods herein permit use of a single detector to detect and remove the diffuse portions and can accommodate a recovery/collection/recycling mechanism permitting reuse of removed sample from the diverted diffuse portions.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for detecting leaks in chromatography systems are disclosed. The leak detection system includes a sealable compartment disposed to surround at least one component of a chromatography system. The detector is in communication, e.g., fluid communication, with an interior of the sealable compartment and configured to detect the leak by various mean including the presence of liquid or the presence of vapor, or both within the sealable compartment.

Abstract: Methods for transferring a carbon dioxide based separation procedure from a first chromatographic system to a second one involve identifying an average column pressure for the separation in the first system is identified, determining a measured average column pressure for the separation in the second system, and comparing the measured average column pressure with the identified average column pressures. To more closely match the identified average column pressure, the methods involve: (a) altering a cross-sectional area of a column packed with media in the second system; and/or (b) adding makeup fluid along the length of the column in the second system. Columns with the characteristics used in the methods and second chromatographic systems are disclosed.