Abstract: A method for identifying relationships between nodes in a graph is provided. The method comprises determining a count of relationships for each relationship type associated with each node in a pair of nodes on the graph. The relationship types are represented by edges connected to the nodes in the pair of nodes. A number of common relationships are determined between the pair of nodes for each relationship type. A count for each common relationship is determined for the number of common relationships between the pair of nodes. A similarity coefficient for each common relationship is determined based on the count for each common relationship and the count of relationships for each relationship type associated with each node in the pair of nodes. A weighted score is generated to represent strength for relationships between the pair of nodes using the similarity coefficients.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for boundary scan. In one example, a circuit includes at least one first input/output (I/O) device, at least one boundary scan element coupled to the at least one first I/O device, and at least one second I/O device coupled to the at least one boundary scan element. The circuit may further include a test controller coupled to the at least one boundary scan element and configured to control the at least one boundary scan element to drive the at least one first I/O device and the at least one second I/O device with a binary test signal.

Abstract: Schemes, methods and examples for optimization of broadcast and multicast frame delivery when at least one client device in a basic service set (BSS) is in a power-save mode are described. A communication apparatus associated with a BSS receives a broadcast or multicast frame after a first Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM). The communication apparatus transmits the broadcast or multicast frame to at least a first client device in the BSS, without buffering the broadcast or multicast frame for transmission following a second DTIM which is subsequent the first DTIM, while at least a second client device in the BSS is in a power-save mode.

Abstract: Techniques for use in network incident identification are described. In response to an occurrence of an unknown network incident, a plurality of log messages (e.g. syslog messages) are received from a plurality of network components in one or more networks. In one illustrative example, a plurality of relationships between interfaces and events are derived from the received log messages and characterized as a plurality of graphical component relationships. One or more groups of connected components are determined from the graphical component relationships and network component connection data which indicate interface relationships of the network components. Here, groups of connected components may be logically joined based on the network component connection data indicating one or more interface relationships.

Abstract: Schemes, methods and examples for optimization of broadcast and multicast frame delivery when at least one client device in a basic service set (BSS) is in a power-save mode are described. A communication apparatus associated with a BSS receives a broadcast or multicast frame after a first Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM). The communication apparatus transmits the broadcast or multicast frame to at least a first client device in the BSS, without buffering the broadcast or multicast frame for transmission following a second DTIM which is subsequent the first DTIM, while at least a second client device in the BSS is in a power-save mode.

Abstract: Techniques for use in network incident identification are described. In response to an occurrence of an unknown network incident, a plurality of log messages (e.g. syslog messages) are received from a plurality of network components in one or more networks. In one illustrative example, a plurality of relationships between interfaces and events are derived from the received log messages and characterized as a plurality of graphical component relationships. One or more groups of connected components are determined from the graphical component relationships and network component connection data which indicate interface relationships of the network components. Here, groups of connected components may be logically joined based on the network component connection data indicating one or more interface relationships.

Abstract: A network element operating in an Optical Transport Network (OTN) network and configured to adaptively preconfigure OTN connections includes one or more ports, each port including hardware supporting an Optical channel Transport Unit level k (OTUk) configured to transport an Optical channel Data Unit level k (ODUk) or one or more Optical channel Data Unit level j's (ODUj's), j<k; wherein, when a port of the one or more ports is installed with an idle connection, the port is automatically preconfigured in either a connection mode for the ODUk or a trail termination mode for the one or more ODUj's based on existing OTN connections in the OTN network.

Abstract: A network element operating in an Optical Transport Network (OTN) network and configured to adaptively preconfigure OTN connections includes one or more ports, each port including hardware supporting an Optical channel Transport Unit level k (OTUk) configured to transport an Optical channel Data Unit level k (ODUk) or one or more Optical channel Data Unit level j's (ODUj's), j<k; wherein, when a port of the one or more ports is installed with an idle connection, the port is automatically preconfigured in either a connection mode for the ODUk or a trail termination mode for the one or more ODUj's based on existing OTN connections in the OTN network.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of modules, a backplane communicatively coupled to the plurality of modules, a plurality of links defined between the plurality of modules over the backplane, and a link management system configured to dynamically manage parameters associated with each of the plurality of links. A link management method includes, for a system, defining a codebook for each module, device, and interconnect in the system, the codebook includes data describing physical link topologies and configuration parameters associated therewith, for initializing a link in the system, obtaining appropriate codebooks for each segment in the link, calculating an overall link loss for the link based on data in the appropriate codebooks, and obtaining configuration parameters for the link based on the overall link loss.

Abstract: A method, a network, and a node each implement the transmission of Automatic Protection Switching (APS) switching coordination bytes across an OTN network. A working signal and a protection signal are received, one of which is designated as an active signal. The active signal is encapsulated in an Optical channel Data Unit (ODU) signal. APS switching coordination bytes from the working and protection signals are placed in an overhead segment of the ODU signal. The ODU signal is transmitted into and received from an Optical Transport Network (OTN) network. The working and protection signals are recreated based on the active signal encapsulated in the ODU signal and the APS switching coordination bytes in the overhead segment. The recreated working and protection signals are transmitted. In this manner, a single ODU signal may be used to transmit both the working and protection signals.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides to Optical Transport Network (OTN_ synchronization systems and methods that maintain proper sequential ordering of events at nodes which may be utilized in performing root cause analysis or diagnosing network performance. In an exemplary embodiment, the systems and methods utilize functionality incorporated into OTN providing a cost effective and standards-based approach to nodal synchronization. Once synchronized, network events are logged with an appropriate timestamp enabling a determination of a sequential order of network events can be determined. Further, the node timestamps may be synchronized, with microsecond or even sub-microsecond of precession which is critical in diagnosing network failures or slow traffic recovery.

Abstract: A method, a network, and a node each implement the transmission of Automatic Protection Switching (APS) switching coordination bytes across an OTN network. A working signal and a protection signal are received, one of which is designated as an active signal. The active signal is encapsulated in an Optical channel Data Unit (ODU) signal. APS switching coordination bytes from the working and protection signals are placed in an overhead segment of the ODU signal. The ODU signal is transmitted into and received from an Optical Transport Network (OTN) network. The working and protection signals are recreated based on the active signal encapsulated in the ODU signal and the APS switching coordination bytes in the overhead segment. The recreated working and protection signals are transmitted. In this manner, a single ODU signal may be used to transmit both the working and protection signals.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of modules, a backplane communicatively coupled to the plurality of modules, a plurality of links defined between the plurality of modules over the backplane, and a link management system configured to dynamically manage parameters associated with each of the plurality of links A link management method includes, for a system, defining a codebook for each module, device, and interconnect in the system, the codebook includes data describing physical link topologies and configuration parameters associated therewith, for initializing a link in the system, obtaining appropriate codebooks for each segment in the link, calculating an overall link loss for the link based on data in the appropriate codebooks, and obtaining configuration parameters for the link based on the overall link loss.

Abstract: Scan chains are used to detect faults in integrated circuits but with the size of today's circuits, it is difficult to detect and locate scan chain faults, especially when the scan data in and scan data out have been compressed. A method for debugging scan chains includes selecting a scan chain for debugging using a scan chain selection block and then providing scan test vectors to the selected scan chain. The scan test vectors undergo various scan test stages to generate scan response vectors. The scan response vectors are compared with ideal response vectors to identify a failing scan chain.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides to Optical Transport Network (OTN_ synchronization systems and methods that maintain proper sequential ordering of events at nodes which may be utilized in performing root cause analysis or diagnosing network performance. In an exemplary embodiment, the systems and methods utilize functionality incorporated into OTN providing a cost effective and standards-based approach to nodal synchronization. Once synchronized, network events are logged with an appropriate timestamp enabling a determination of a sequential order of network events can be determined. Further, the node timestamps may be synchronized, with microsecond or even sub-microsecond of precession which is critical in diagnosing network failures or slow traffic recovery.

Abstract: Scan chains are used to detect faults in integrated circuits but with the size of today's circuits, it is difficult to detect and locate scan chain faults, especially when the scan data in and scan data out have been compressed. A method for debugging scan chains includes selecting a scan chain for debugging using a scan chain selection block and then providing scan test vectors to the selected scan chain. The scan test vectors undergo various scan test stages to generate scan response vectors. The scan response vectors are compared with ideal response vectors to identify a failing scan chain.

Abstract: A system for scan testing an IC includes one or more scan registers, one or more scan-in pads, one or more scan-out pads, and one or more comparators. Scan test data is transmitted from the scan-in pads to the scan registers. The functional response obtained from the scan test is transmitted to the comparator. The scan-out pad transmits the expected data to the comparator. The comparator compares the expected data and the functional response data and the comparison result is stored. The test result data is transmitted at positive and negative edges of the test clock signal.

Abstract: A framework is disclosed which enables a management system to manage completely different type of network elements (NEs) running different versions of their embedded software by introducing generic operational interfaces, generic data interfaces, information descriptors and self adaptive control mechanism. This Management system framework consists of mainly two parts a) core application and b) element-dependent components and c) a set of generic interfaces. When the management system is launched, it executes the core application. The core application comprises of network element independent version independent generic functionalities that can be used to interact with a variety of network elements and a dynamic control mechanism to make selection and placement of pluggable components at appropriate time and place during execution.