Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte in contact with the anode and the cathode, wherein the electrolyte and at least one of the anode or the cathode includes a compound which compound includes either an amino group or a carboxyl group or both (preferably an amino acid, a peptide, or a combination thereof). Alternatively, if the anode is formed from a combination of a metal and a metal oxide, then the electrolyte and/or at least one of the anode or the cathode can include said compound (i.e. it does not have to be present on both). Use of these cells significantly reduces the overpotential of the electrochemical splitting of water, thereby enabling the production of hydrogen in a much more energy efficient manner.

Abstract: An improved process for recovering a titanium dioxide product from a titanium oxide-containing roasted mass of the type derived from roasting an ilmenite, anatase or perovskite ore by exploiting an organic acid, such as mixture of oxalic acid and ascorbic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for electrochemical extraction of a metal (M) from a metal (M) oxide, to a conducting electrode and to an electrolytic cell comprising the conducting electrode.

Abstract: An improved process for recovering a titanium dioxide product from a titanium oxide-containing roasted mass of the type derived from roasting an ilmenite, anatase or perovskite ore by exploiting an organic acid, such as mixture of oxalic acid and ascorbic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for beneficiating a titaniferous ore. The process comprises calcining the titaniferous ore, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal salt, and at least one alumina-containing material in the presence of oxygen to form a calcined ore mixture, then leaching the calcined ore mixture with a solution comprising ammonium, sodium or magnesium chloride in the presence of oxygen to form a leached ore mixture, and contacting the leached ore with an acid to form a beneficiated ore.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for beneficiating a titaniferous ore. The process comprises calcining the titaniferous ore, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal salt, and at least one alumina-containing material in the presence of oxygen to form a calcined ore mixture, then leaching the calcined ore mixture with a solution comprising ammonium, sodium or magnesium chloride in the presence of oxygen to form a leached ore mixture, and contacting the leached ore with an acid to form a beneficiated ore.