Abstract: The invention is a dry ash handling system that allows ash to fall into a refractory lined ash car riding on rails in a sealed tunnel. The ash falls through a chute coupled to a negative pressure rotary combustor. Any unburned waste is allowed to continue burning in a burn-out chamber while, after removal from the chute because air is allowed to be pulled through the ash from the bottom by the negative pressure. When burn-out is complete, the ash is sprayed to quench any remaining smoldering embers. After removal from the tunnel, the car is sealed with a lid and allowed to cool further. During this period, samples can be removed from the car through sample ports. The car is transported to a landfill by a tilt bed truck and a hinged door on the car allows the ash to be dumped.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for retarding the formation of a slag ring on the inner wall of a rotary lime kiln where coal combustion gases are used to provide heat in the calcining chamber of a rotary lime kiln. The inner wall of the kiln, at a predetermined location where a slag ring would tend to form, is cooled so as to cool the dispersed slag prior to contact with the inner wall of the calcining chamber sufficiently to prevent adherence of the slag to the inner wall. Cooling chambers or a cooling channel may be provided in the refractory lining forming the inner wall, or transpiration devices may be provided to inject coolant into the calcining chamber, at the predetermined location, to cool the slag and prevent adherence thereof to the inner wall.

Abstract: A system for treating waste waters including a pair of concentric tanks forming a space therebetween which serves as an aeration chamber. Untreated but screened waste water is discharged into the (annular) space and withdrawn therefrom by a pump which passes the liquid through an oxygenating device which induces air into the liquid. The liquid is then circulated through long tubing wound around the outside peripheral surface of the tank to obtain intimate contact between the gas, liquid and solids therein and to convert dissolved material into insoluble material by a conventional biochemical process. The liquid thus processed in the tubing is introduced into the central or inner tank where the treated solids rise to the surface for recycling in the system while the liquid effluent is filtered and discharged to a river or stream.