Abstract: Biomarkers useful for identifying a variety of cancers that are responsive to treatment with a combination therapy comprising pembrolizumab, a pembrolizumab variant or an antigen-binding fragment thereof and talimogene laherparepvec are provided. Methods of treating cancers that are resistant to monotherapy with pembrolizumab, a pembrolizumab variant or an antigen-binding fragment thereof are provided. Methods of treating a cancer in a subject having a tumor with a low CD8+ density, a low or negative interferon gamma signature, and/or a low or negative PD-L1 status are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, compositions, and kits for using placental growth factor (PLGF) as an informative biomarker in determining the clinical benefit to renal cell carcinoma patients by treatment with a VEGFR inhibitor and an Ang2 inhibitor.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed for predicting and treating the clinical benefit to a human renal cell carcinoma patient prior to their treatment with a VEGFR inhibitor and an Ang2 inhibitor.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed for predicting and treating the clinical benefit to a human renal cell carcinoma patient prior to their treatment with a VEGFR inhibitor and an Ang2 inhibitor.

Abstract: The apparatus for diverting blood from the retro hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) and internally shunting renal and infra renal IVC blood into the right atrium during surgery on the liver, its vessels, or the retro hepatic IVC is described. It is symmetrical on its mid horizontal axis permitting similar utility whether venous access was above or below the liver. It is a hollow plastic tube with two sidewall openings, one at each end with four intervening completely encircling balloons. It is continuous with a proximal component which serves to remotely manipulate, infuse fluids and inflate the balloons in the distal component. Once introduced into the venous system by right atriotomy or infrarenally by venotomy, the distal component would be advanced and seated in the right atrium and supra renal IVC.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of diverting blood from the adult retro hepatic Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) and the shunting of renal and infra renal IVC blood to the right atrium when desired during surgery on the liver, its vessels, or the retro hepatic IVC. The device has a distal component of critical length for the adult supra renal IVC. It is symmetrical on its mid horizontal axis permitting similar utility whether venous access was above or below the liver. It is a hollow plastic tube with two openings, one at each end of the tube, which has four intervening completely encircling balloons and is continuous with a proximal component which serves to manipulate the distal component within the venous system and to remotely inflate the balloons.