Abstract: A method of performing a negotiation session on a modem connection. The method includes receiving a plurality of negotiation signals from the source modem, by a first gateway, forwarding at least some of the received negotiation signals from the first gateway to a second gateway, over a packet based network, receiving, by the first gateway, responses to the forwarded negotiation signals from the second gateway, forwarding the responses from the second gateway to the source modem, by the first gateway, and transmitting from the first gateway to the source modem, response signals to at least some of the received negotiation signals, without receiving a response to the at least some of the signals from the second gateway.

Abstract: A method of transmitting signals between a source modem and a destination modem. The method includes transmitting the signals from the source modem, over a first switched network path, to a first interface, encapsulating the at least some of the signals received by the first interface into packets, transmitting the packets from the first interface over a packet-based network to a second interface, removing the encapsulation of the signals at the second interface; and transmitting the data signals from the second interface over a second switched network path to the destination modem.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data signals in full duplex with echo cancellation between a first and a second modem connected by a two-wire channel, wherein a data signal is a function of at least one data symbol in a stream of data symbols generated by a modem comprising: determining echo cancellation coefficients for the first modem; transmitting data signals in full duplex between the two modems using the echo cancellation coefficients to cancel echoes in data signals received by the first modem; providing at least one hiatus in data symbol generation by the second modem while continuing data symbol generation by the first modem at a time at which echo cancellation using the echo cancellation coefficients is effective in canceling echoes in data signals received by the first modem; and updating the first modem echo cancellation coefficients during the at least one second modem hiatus.

Abstract: A method of establishing a fax connection on a link which is a portion of a composite connection. The method includes transmitting at least some signals of a negotiation procedure on the link and initiating a retrain on the connection, without identifying a problem on the connection of the link, the retrain being initiated after transmitting the at least some signals of the negotiation procedure but before transmitting data on the data channel of the link due to the negotiation procedure.

Abstract: A method of handling video signals by a gateway. The method includes determining, by the gateway, that a circuit switched channel carries video signals, receiving, by the gateway, a signal stream from the circuit switched channel determined to carry video signals, placing the signals of the received signal stream in packets of a single packet connection and transmitting the packets of the single packet connection, by the gateway, on a packet based network.

Abstract: A method of scheduling a processor to handle a plurality of connections with respective processing cycles. The method includes estimating, for at least one of the connections, whether the connection will receive a processing session during its current respective processing cycle if each of the connections which did not yet receive a processing session during its current processing cycle receives, during its current processing cycle, an unlimited processing session and scheduling one or more of the connections that did not yet receive a processing session in their respective processing cycle, to perform a limited processing session, responsive to results of the estimation.

Abstract: A method of forming a V.90 connection on an all digital connection. The method includes transmitting a request to connect from a digitally connected client modem (28) to a digitally connected server modem (24) and transmitting, by the client modem (28) to the server modem, a message requesting to form a V.90 connection, identifying the digitally connected client modem (28) as an analog connected modem.

Abstract: There are provided methods for the treatment of diseases involving dysfunction of the peripheral and central nervous system comprising administering one or more Spiro compounds. Also provided and pharmaceutical compositions useful in such methods, compounds for use in the preparation of such pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing compounds useful in the practice of such methods, and some novel such compounds per se.

Abstract: There are provided methods for the treatment of diseases involving dysfunction of the peripheral and central nervous system comprising administering one or more spiro compounds. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions useful in such methods, compounds for use in the preparation of such pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing compounds useful in the practice of such methods, and some novel such compounds per se.

Abstract: A method of handling video signals by a gateway. The method includes receiving by a gateway between a land cellular network and a public switched telephone network, video signals of a real time session, from an end unit, reducing the rate of the video signals, by the gateway and transmitting the rate reduced video signals onto a channel passing through a public switched telephone network.

Abstract: A method of scheduling the handling of communication channels by a processor assigned to handle a plurality of channels. The method includes determining for each channel, handled by the processor, a target time by which time it should receive processing, selecting one or more of the assigned channels whose data is to be handled next, based on the target times of the channels and when more than one channel is selected, choosing for handling before other channels, at least one of the selected channels based on a consideration directed at minimizing the average processing time of the channels.

Abstract: A method of establishing a modem connection. The method includes determining properties of a line carrying the modem connection and selecting a plurality of frequency sub-bands to pass on the connection responsive to the determination of the properties, the selection including determining the bandwidth of at least one of the sub-bands.

Abstract: A method of converting voice signals into voice packets. The method includes providing one or more of voice or fax digital signals, at a first location, processing the provided digital signals at the first location, transmitting the processed digital signals to a second location, adding at least one header to the processed digital signals transmitted to the second location, at the second location and transmitting the processed digital signals with the added header on a communication network.

Abstract: A soft modem having a plurality of selectable operational modes. Each of the operational modes has a different nominal processor utilization level. The soft modem uses a method for changing its nominal processor utilization level while maintaining the logical connection between the local and remote data communication equipment. The method includes operating the soft modem in one of the plurality of operational modes and switching between any one of the plurality operational modes and any other operational mode of the plurality operational modes upon detecting a control signal selected from a group of predetermined control signals for changing the nominal processor utilization level of the soft modem.

Abstract: A method of establishing an over-Internet-protocol (XoIP) call over a previously established connection path between a client and a remote access concentrator (RAC), while a currently active call is using the established connection path. The method includes transmitting a request to establish an XoIP call over the previously established connection path, moving the currently active call on the previously established connection path to a hold state, and establishing the requested XoIP call on a connection including the previously established connection path.

Abstract: A method of access control to a protected remote access server. The method includes receiving signals transmitted on a modem connection, determining in the physical layer whether the received signals include predetermined identification signals, and allowing the modem connection to be established with the protected remote access server only if the received signals include the predetermined identification signals.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data. The method includes establishing a modem connection (72) between two digitally connected modems (24, 28) and transmitting data on the modem connection (82) in accordance with a transmission scheme defined only for transmission from analog to digital modems.

Abstract: There are provided methods for the treatment of diseases involving dysfunction of the peripheral and central nervous system comprising administering one or more Spiro compounds. Also provided and pharmaceutical compositions useful in such methods, compounds for use in the preparation of such pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing compounds useful in the practice of such methods, and some novel such compounds per se.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data bits over a modem connection. The method includes receiving a first stream of data bits, by a first modem, performing a first set of one or more communication tasks on the first stream of bits, by the first modem, so as to generate a second stream of bits, modulating the second stream of bits, by the first modem, so as to form a modulated signal, transmitting the modulated signal from the first modem to a second modem, demodulating the modulated signal by the second modem, so as to form a third stream of bits, performing on the third stream of bits, a second set of zero or more communication tasks, including a different number of tasks than the first set of tasks, so as to form a fourth stream of bits, and transmitting the fourth stream of bits to a communication unit over a packet based network.

Abstract: A method of performing a negotiation session on a modem connection. The method includes receiving a plurality of negotiation signals from the source modem, by a first gateway, forwarding at least some of the received negotiation signals from the first gateway to a second gateway, over a packet based network, receiving, by the first gateway, responses to the forwarded negotiation signals from the second gateway, forwarding the responses from the second gateway to the source modem, by the first gateway, and transmitting from the first gateway to the source modem, response signals to at least some of the received negotiation signals, without receiving a response to the at least some of the signals from the second gateway.