Abstract: A method of bromide ion and iodide ion selective removal from seawater or the like by electrochemical desalination; and a device therefor. The method includes (a) providing a capacitive deionizing cell with high surface area activated carbon electrodes; (b) flowing the seawater through the cell; and (c) applying a voltage to charge and discharge the electrodes.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a bundle of hollow carbon membranes comprising the steps of: (a) providing a bundle of hollow cellulose fibers; (b) removing substantially all the absorbed water from the said fibers; (c) heating the fibers to a range of temperatures where it pyrolyzes; (d) supplying to the said fibers, during at least part of the heating thereof and after the water has been removed, a catalytically effective amount of a gaseous catalyst selected from among Lewis acids, and ionic salts that are at least partially volatile at the pyrolysis temperature range.

Abstract: In a process for separating linear from branched hydrocarbons, the feed is brought in contact with a carbon membrane with critical size from 0.39 to 0.55 nm. The isomer with the larger size remains on the feed side. A membrane can be produced by activating a membrane by reacting it with oxygen and then with hydrogen.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing carbon membranes having controlled pore sizes comprises the steps of: a) causing a stream of a pyrolysable carbon-containing gas to come into contact with a carbon membrane having a pore size and/or distribution larger than the desired pore size and/or distribution; b) raising the ambient temperature of the said membrane to or above the temperatures at which the adsorbed carbon-containing gas pyrolyzes; and c) substantially purging the atmosphere surrounding the membrane from carbon-containing gas.

Abstract: A method for separating gases with enhanced selectivity comprises causing a mixture of gases to be separated to flow through a molecular sieving membrane (MSM), at cryogenic temperatures.

Abstract: A method of selective clogging of failed hollow fibers of a membrane module, including a pack or bundle of fibers in a shell-side and bore-side arrangement which includes failed fibers and non-failed fibers, comprises the steps of: clogging bores of all of the fiber at one end of the pack or bundle of the fibers; substantially evacuating the membrane module both at the shell-side and at the bore-side; filling the bore-side and the shell-side with a non-permeant gas; subsequently-holding the membrane module vertically, disconnecting the bore-side of the membrane module from a supply of the non-permeant gas and dipping another end of the membrane module opposite to the clogged end into a reservoir containing a liquid sealant; applying a reduced pressure to the shell-side for a period of time sufficient to permit suction of sealant into the bores of the failed fibers through a failure of which vacuum is applied to the bore-side; allowing the sealant to solidify at least partially to clog the bores of both the fa

Abstract: An electrochemical filter which consists of a fibrous electrically conducting material to which there are bonded microscopic particles of carbon or active charcoal. A variety of fibers can be used: carbon fibers, graphite fibers, fibers of inert metal etc. A process for the production of such filters where the particles are bonded to the fibers by a pyrolyzable binder which is pyrolyzed. Electrochemical separation and filter devices based on such filter media.

Abstract: There are provided carbon membranes for use in separation processes. These have a very narrow range of pore sizes, with a very sharp cutoff at the upper pore size, and thus they are suited for the separation of various constituents which differ but little in their size. The membranes can be of a varied configuration: sheet form, tubular form, assymetrical membranes and the like. There is provided a process for the production of such membranes by controlled pyrolysis of a carbon containing percursor material.

Abstract: High energy output primary and secondary electrochemical cells are disclosed as having a light metal anode such as lithium metal, a cathode and a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an aprotic solvent having dissolved therein an electrically conductive salt and a macroheterocyclic compound complexed with the cation moiety of the salt.