Abstract: A method for producing plasmonic nanomaterials that are catalytically or photocatalytically active by fabricating plasmonic nanostructures on substrates using electrodeposition into a nano-template structure and forming a plurality of nanorods in an array, wherein the nanorods are made from materials chosen from the group consisting of materials that are plasmonic and/or catalytic, and materials that are catalytically activated by depositing pure elemental metals, alloys, or alternating layers of different metals or alloys, and producing catalytic plasmonic nanomaterials. Catalytic plasmonic nanomaterials made from the above method. An optical reactor device that utilizes catalytic nanomaterials for photocatalytic synthesis of methanol or ammonia. A method of photocatalytic synthesis of methanol and ammonia by using catalytic plasmonic nanomaterial to convert CO2 and H2 to methanol and N2 and H2 to ammonia using optical power.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymeric nanoparticle conjugate of formula (I). The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions including these polymeric nanoparticle conjugates, and methods of preparation and use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymeric nanoparticle conjugate of formula (I). The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions including these polymeric nanoparticle conjugates, and methods of preparation and use thereof.

Abstract: An optical article, for the transmission of electromagnetic radiation. The optical article includes a medium, which exhibits a second-order electric susceptibility greater than 10.sup.-9 electrostatic units. The medium includes polar aligned dipole subunits. Each dipole subunit has a plurality of noncentrosymmetric molecular dipoles and a connector system. Each molecular dipole has an electron donor moiety, an electron acceptor moiety, and a linking moiety. The linking moiety has a pair of covalent bonds to the connector system. Each molecular dipole has a conjugated .pi. bonding system extending from the electron donor moiety along the linking moiety to the electron acceptor moiety to permit oscillation of the molecular dipole between a ground state and an excited state, which states differ in polarity. The connector system joins the linking moieties to complete a solitary ring or a system of fused rings, which retain the molecular dipoles in substantially parallel relative relation.

Abstract: An optical article is disclosed containing, for the transmission of electromagnetic radiation, a medium exhibiting a second order polarization susceptibility greater than 10.sup.-9 electrostatic units comprised of polar aligned noncentrosymmetric molecular dipoles. The molecular dipoles have a hydrophobic electron donor moiety linked through a conjugated .pi. bonding system to an electron acceptor sulfonyl moiety. The electron acceptor sulfonyl moiety includes at least two halogen substitutents of its .alpha. carbon atom.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, poly(4-phenylsulfone) is prepared by self-condensation of sodium 4-fluorophenyl sulfinate. The process is initiated by a small quantity of 4,4'-difluorophenylsulfone. The process is conducted in the presence of a dipolar, aprotic solvent such as dimethylsulfoxide. The reaction is conducted at a mildly elevated temperature, preferably within the range of from about 100.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C.

Abstract: An optical article is disclosed containing, for the transmission of electromagnetic radiation, a medium exhibiting a second order polarization susceptibility greater than 10.sup.-9 electrostatic units comprised of a linear polymer containing as pendant groups polar aligned noncentrosymmetric molecular dipoles having an electron donor moiety linked through a conjugated .pi. bonding system to an electron acceptor moiety to permit oscillation of the molecular dipole between a ground state exhibiting a first dipole moment and an excited state exhibiting a differing dipole moment. The linear polymer contains repeating units derived from vinyl addition polymerization, at least 5 percent of the repeating units incorporate the molecular dipoles as pendant groups, and the molecular dipoles include a sulfonyl electron acceptor moiety.

Abstract: An optical article is disclosed containing, for the transmission of electromagnetic radiation, a medium exhibiting a second order polarization susceptibility greater than 10.sup.-9 electrostatic units comprised of polar aligned noncentrosymmetric molecular dipoles having an electron donor moiety linked through a conjugated .pi. bonding system to an electron acceptor moiety to permit oscillation of the molecular dipole between a ground state exhibiting a first dipole moment and an excited state exhibiting a differing dipole moment. The molecular dipoles are held in polar alignment by a crosslinked polymeric binder.

Abstract: An optical article is disclosed containing, for the transmission of electromagnetic radiation, a medium exhibiting a second order polarization susceptibility greater than 10.sup.-9 electrostatic units comprised of organic polar aligned noncentrosymmetric molecular dipoles. The molecular dipoles form repeating units in a crosslinked polymeric matrix.

Abstract: An optical article is disclosed containing, for the transmission of electromagnetic radiation, a medium exhibiting a second order polarization susceptibility greater than 10.sup.-9 electrostatic units comprised of polar aligned noncentrosymmetric molecular dipoles. The molecular dipoles have an electron donor moiety linked through a conjugated .pi. bonding system to an electron acceptor sulfonyl moiety.