Abstract: The invention is a process for applying a nickel-free, copper-containing phosphate coating to a metal surface by contacting the metal surface with a phosphate solution containing 0.2 to 2.0 g/l zinc ions, 0.5 to 25 mg/l copper ions, and 5-30 g/l phosphate ions.

Abstract: A process for improving the adherence of paint applied after thin-film anodization is characterized in that the anodized metal surfaces are brought into contact with an aqueous solution containing one or more of the following components: (a) 200 to 2000 ppm of a homopolymer or copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and/or their esters; (b) 200 to 3000 ppm of a poly(vinyl phenol) compound in which at part of the phenol rings carry an alkylamino substituent; (c) 200 to 3000 ppm of hexafluorotitanic acid, hexafluorozirconic acid, and/or their anions.

Abstract: A process for sealing anodized metal surfaces is characterized by bringing the anodized metal into contact with an aqueous solution at a temperature from 75.degree. C. to the boiling point of the solution for a time equal to from 0.5 to 2 minutes per micrometer of anodized layer thickness. The solution contains: a) from 0.0001 to 5 g/l of one or more alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal ions and b) from 0.0005 to 0.5 g/l of one or more organic acids selected from: polycarboxylic acids with from 3 to 6 carboxyl groups; phosphonic acids; and/or polyphosphinocarboxylic acids, the solution containing a greater amount of metal ions of group a) than is needed to insure complete neutralization of the acids of group b).

Abstract: A process for sealing anodized metals without using any heavy metals comprises a first step in which the anodized metal is contacted for a period of between 3 and 30 minutes (for an anodized layer thickness of 20 .mu.m) with an aqueous solution which has a temperature from 15.degree. to 35.degree. C. and a pH between 5.0 and 6.5 and contains from 0.1 to 3 g/l of lithium ions and from 0.1 to 5 g/l of fluoride ions and a second step in which the anodized metal is contacted for a period from 5 to 30 minutes (for an anodized layer thickness of 20 .mu.m) with water or an aqueous solution of substances which prevent the formation of a sealing coating, the solution having a pH from 5.5 to 8.5 and a temperature from 80.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for phosphating surfaces of steel, galvanized or alloy-galvanized steel, aluminum, aluminized or alloy-aluminized steel. The process is particularly useful for treating metal surfaces which are to be cathodic electrocoated. The process uses a nickel, cobalt, copper, nitrite and oxo-anion of halogen free phosphating solution containing 0.3 to 2.0 g/l Zn(II), 0.3 to 4 g/l Mn(II), 5 to 40 g/l phosphate ions and at least one of 0.5 to 5 g/l hydroxylamine and 0.2 to 2 g/l m-nitrobenzene sulfonate wherein the ratio by weight of Zn(II) to Mn(II) is not greater than 2.

Abstract: A compression apparatus which is operated in association with at least two mold parts which can move relative to one another. The compression apparatus is formed of at least one compression units having a working chamber and a working element which can move in it. A gaseous medium can be provided to the working chamber under any initial pressure. During the closing motion of the parts of the mold, the working element is moved in the working chamber, such that the volume in the working chamber is reduced, and in this way, in the course of the closing motion, the gaseous medium is compressed in the working chamber. The compressed gaseous medium can then be sent to a consumer with or without intermediate storage. A compression apparatus of this type is intended for an injection molding machine in which gas pressurization is to take place in a cavity.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of pretreating aluminum or aluminum alloy surfaces before application of a permanent corrosion-protective conversion coating treatment, in particular before phosphating in acidic phosphating baths containing zinc, a chromating treatment, or a chromate free treatment. The method is characterized in that the surfaces are brought into contact with acidic aqueous treatment solutions containing complex fluorides of the elements boron, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium, alone or in mixtures with each other, at total concentrations between 100 and 4000 mg/L and at a pH between 0.3 and 3.5. Following the pretreatment, the aluminum or aluminum alloy parts may, after shaping if necessary, be joined by adhesive bonding and/or welding to each other or to parts made of steel, zinc plated and/or zinc alloy plated steel, and/or aluminum or aluminum alloy plated steel.

Abstract: Magnesium on steel, zinc, aluminum and/or the alloys thereof by spraying, spray-immersion and/or immersion with an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Effective, titanium-free agents for activating metal surfaces prior to phosphating these surfaces with phosphating baths containing zinc ions can be made by reacting alkali metal phosphates with 1,1-diphosphonic acids and their alkali metal slats and/or poly(aldehydocarboxylic acids) and their alkali metal salts.

Abstract: Effective, titanium-free agents for activating metal surfaces prior to phosphating these surfaces with phosphating baths containing zinc ions can be made by reacting alkali metal phosphates with 1,1-diphosphonic acids and their alkali metal salts and/or poly(aldehydocarboxylic acids) and their alkali metal salts.

Abstract: The adhesion of, and corrosion protection provided by, organic surface coatings to underlying metal can be significantly improved if the degreased, etched, and pickled metal surfaces to be coated are first treated with an aqueous solution and/or dispersion of aluminum-zirconium complexes, which are obtainable as the reaction-product of a chelated aluminum component, an organo-functional ligand component, and a zirconium oxyhalide component, with the organo-functional ligand being chemically bonded to the chelated aluminum unit and the zirconium unit in the complex, and are subsequently treated with dilute aqueous solutions, emulsions, and/or dispersions of one or more inorganic and/or organic film-forming materials prior to coating the surfaces with conventional organic surface coatings.

Abstract: Activation of metal surfaces prior to phosphating can be improved by using aqueous dispersions of polymeric titanium(IV) phosphates in which at least 95% by weight of the polymeric particles have a particle diameter of less than 200 nm. This low particle diameter is attained by adding a titanium(IV)-complexing agent before or during an otherwise conventional reaction between a titanium(IV) compound, acid or phosphate, and water. The complexing agent is used in an amount of less than the stoichiometric amount, based on the titanium(IV) content. The best complexing agents are poly(aldehydocarboxylic acids), 1,1-diphosphonic acids, and/or the alkali metal salts of these types of acids.

Abstract: A fluid, two-component washing agent consisting of two components A and B, of which component A is an aqueous dispersion of fatty acids and component B is an alkaline solution, wherein component A is a cold-stable aqueous dispersion consisting essentially of:(a) from 15% to 35% by weight of substantially unsaturated fatty acids, mainly oleic acid,(b) from 2% to 6% by weight of potassium hydroxide and from 2% to 6% by weight of triethanolamine, where the total amount is so selected that at least 50% by weight of the fatty acids are present as potassium and triethanolamine soaps,(c) from 4% to 10% by weight of an ethoxylated primary alcohol having 5 to 12 oxyethylene units,(d) from 4% to 10% by weight of sodium C.sub.10-14 -alkylbenzenesulfonate,(e) from 0.05% to 1% by weight of at least one optical brightener,(f) from 5% to 15% by weight of at least one C.sub.1-3 -alcohol, and(g) from 35% to 50% by weight of water, and wherein component B is an alkaline solution containing alkaline potassium compounds.